ʻO wai ka Sarmatians a me ka mea a lakou i hanaʻi?

Sarmatians - he pūʻulu o'Ilana ohana i nāki ma na steppes o ke kālā no Ukraine, Rusia a me aneea oneiaey i kahiko. ikeia mai kēia kanaka i loko o ka VI kenekulia BC. E., a ma ka IV kenekulia BC. e ka. ʻaneʻane nalowale mai ka loa ma hope o ka kaua o ka Huns. Ua Ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau pūʻulu: Iazyges, Alans a me Roxolani.

palapala Sarmatians

Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau i kākau 'ike e pili ana i Sarmatians i koe i loko o ka ha o ka buke, "History", i kākauʻia e ka mea kahiko Greek Herodotus. Ma ka mea,ʻo ia wehewehe Scythia aina aia ma ka akau o ka Black Sea kahi i ka Helene i noho ai i ka loa mamao panalāʻau, a me Olbia. Herodotus, wehewehe i ka Sarmatians, hoʻohana 'ia i ka makahiki "Sauromats". Ma ka "History" ka mea'ōlelo i ka mea, i noho ai Tanais ( 'o ia hoʻi ka Don) ma na kapakai o ke kai o Azov.

Ua ho'āʻo More nā noiʻi e pane i ka nīnau,ʻO wai nō ka Sarmatians, a mai hea mai la i kēia mau nomads. I kēia lā, poe akamai i manaoio i na kupuna hale o ka hehi ua Yuzhnyy Ural. Lākou? Anoe? Hoʻomaka 'ana i loko o ka lua o ka hapa 2 Ka Wā Kaukani BC. e ka. ʻO kona kumu,ʻo ka muli o ka houʻano o nā koa - lele pana pua. Ma hope o mastering ka pana nomads lilo weliweli poino no kona hoalauna.

restless kanaka

Hehi mau kaua i kekahi i kekahi. Ke kumu o ka hookui, e like me ka rula, Ua pōloli a paio no kula hou. Ke kumumanaʻo wehewehe i ka mākau alu kaua e noho ana i ka Sarmatians. Na kanaka i i hānau i loko o ka Ural steppes i nā neʻe ma ke komohana ma lalo o ka manaʻo koikoi o keʻano pākīkē hawaiian mau hoalauna. Ma ka hou wahi o nomads kali nui, a kŘpa a noa, mai ka maka mai o ka Competition.

Nā paʻi hua o nā meaʻeʻe moku puana e like Eulńsia ala mau tausani makahiki. ʻO wai ka mea Sarmatians? Ma pōkole, keia mea i kekahi nalu o ia poʻe Polenekia. Lākou hoʻopaʻi, ua ka like me ia o ko lākou mau mua a me ka hope. Over manawa, na nomads nalo koke i waena o ka kokoke sedentary kānaka a me ka poho o ka waiwai identichnot. I mea no ke aha la i keia la i ka Sarmatians - ua kekahi lōʻihi-e kū mōʻaukala kŰia mai a hiki i ua ola wale fragmentary 'ike a me ka ae kauoha mai huli no artifacts.

lāhui hiʻona

Ke kiʻi o ka hehi kahiko ma na aoao he ike ia kakou i ke aloha i ka yoiia? Ike. ʻO wai ka Sarmatians a me ka poe o ko lakou poe kupuna? Ka mea, hele mai hookahi makaainana Indo-ʻEulopa. Ua, mai keia kaiāulu kaukahi, no na mai'Ilana-olelo ana pae, a hana i ka'ākau lala o ka Scythian loko. No ka mea, no Sarmatians. Ma muli o ka luna, ka mea i hiki ke wehewehe i ka wahi ku ma ka Sarmatians i loko o ka lāhui palapala 'āina o Eurasia. Ko lakou hea ka mea pili i ka Scythians. Other Indo-ʻEulopa hoalauna nomads, he Cimmerians.

Sarmatians, aole aha he hookahi lāhui kanaka. Ka mea, ua maheleia i mau ohana. Ko lakou mau inoa i ikeia no kahiko kumu wā hehi inoa hooeueuia lakou makau a me ka makau i loko o ka maluhia noho hoalauna. Mākou Sarmatians aohe ana palapala 'ōlelo, a no laila, kākau moʻolelo e ole i hua'ōlelo hōʻike, akā, ka mea, Ua ikaika i kēlāʻohana i kona iho Hebera.

'ōlelo haʻawina ua kōkua e hoakaka i ka manawa a me ka hopena o ka hehi kanaka. Ma Ka Ikepili o kekahi mau 'ōlelo' hiki i ka loaʻa mai i ka Sarmatians a me ka poe i kā lākou mau mamo. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Ossetians. Kēia kanaka i hele mai, mai ka hui mai o Sarmatian, ka mea e hoʻokele e hookoe i ko lakou paha, ka ', ua hoʻoneʻe i ka Caucasus. Lākou moʻomeheu i ke olaʻana a me ka Hawaiʻi oiai'ē aʻe nāʻohana i koe, ma ka ninau i na steppes ua kekahi i pio ai 'ole nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i waena o hoalauna. Ua hahau i ka puupuu hope loa no keia bulk Sarmatian i loko o ka IV kenekulia ma ka Huns. New'Ākia mau poʻe a pau i hiki ai ma Europa, aʻaʻole holoi wale mai i ka mea kahiko hehi, akā, no hoi i hana i ka hauna nui i ka Roma aupuni a pau, a ho'ōla e hina.

Iazyges

Most Western Sarmatian ohana, he Iazyges. Ka mea, i noho i loko o ka haahaa ino i o ka Dnieper, kahi a lakou i kiola ai i ka neʻeʻana mai ka hikina Black Sea māhele 'āina ma hope o ka hiki ana o ka Roxolani. Other hoalauna Iazyges ua likeʻole ohana Gata, a me ka Dniester tyragetae. Lakou hoi ka i kokoke ma ka La Tene moʻomeheu Bastarnae. Kekahi hapa Iazyges i kona resettlement hiki i ka Danube Aaeuoa. Aia Sarmats Ally me Poneto, a laila, rula kaʻao Evpatr Mithridates, a hoomaka ae la e kaua aku i Roma. Ma muli o, na legeona ma 78-76 makahiki. BC. e ka. o ke kahua i ka moʻo o punitive huakaʻi kaua, a hiki i ka aina akau o ke Danube, ma ka nomads noho ai.

Ma ka hapa mua o ke au kenekulia BC. e ka. kona kiekie i hiki aku Dacian aupuni ke aupuni 'o keia-lā Romania. He keia, pu me ka Roma ia laua ke hoopaa hou anoe Iazyges. Me ka nui kū'ē i ka hoalauna lakou iho, Sarmatians hope papani iho la i kona neʻeʻana ma ke komohana.

Roksolany

I kaulana ma luna, Roksolany Iazyges hehi ma luna o ke kuekue wawae, pela hahau ia e neʻe i ke komohana. Ka mea, ua kekahi Sarmatian ohana e noho ana ma ka akau o ka Tanais (Don). Komo i loko o ke kuikahi me ka Crimean Scythians, ka mea, subjugated a pau i ka'ākau Black Sea māhele 'āina. Roxolani luna i kekahi o na mau loa-ike no kaʻoiaʻiʻo Sarmatian na'lii Gata. He ua kaulana no ka mea ua hoomaka ae la oia i ka naʻi aupuni o ka Crimean Scythians, Sarmatians i mua noho Ally hoahanau. E koho hou enemi, Gata kākoʻo i ka Greek noho o Kherson. Ke awa i ae na'lii, mai ka Scythian a me Sarmatian i imi i ka malu. Gata ka inoa i olelo ia ma ka Helene palapala 179 makahiki BC. Hawaii., i ka mea āna iʻae aku ai ia i ka guarantor o ka berita ma waena o ka Ponte, a Kherson.

Hoikehonua, 'epekema ike i ka inoa o kekahi alii Roxolani. Ka luna Tazy (Tasy) aliʻi ma kahi o 110 BC. Hawaii., i ka wa a ka Sarmatians hoʻololi kona maalea, i kuikahi me ka Scythians e kū'ē i ke aupuni o ke Bosporus. Pūʻali koa ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka alihi kaua Difanta luku nomads. About ke kaua i loko o kana mau palapala, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana Strabo hōʻike.

Ma ka waena o ke au kenekulia BC. e ka. Ua hoomaka relocation Roxolani, Lightweight emi Bastarnae. Ka mea, hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka hehi komohana o ka Dnieper River, hou pau ka Iazyges kinship me ko lakou mau aina. I ka huli, roksolonam i e emi hope ma lalo o ka hae o Aorses a me ka Alans. E like me ka hopena o kēia mau Sarmatians noho i loko o nā steppes ma waena o ke Danube e Aaeuoa a me ka Dnieper. Kekahi eiiaiaeu i hiki aku i ka Carpathian Mountains. Part Roxolani huli hema, noho ana ma Wallachia. Here insurmountable kahi'ē, no nomads lilo i ka palena o ka Roma aupuni a pau. Ma lalo o ka manaʻo koikoi o keia pae o Sarmatian me na wahi mau māka hōkū Dacians. Ke Romaʻoihana e hōʻike 'ia ka hihia i ka wā i loko o '62 tausani o ka poʻe hao wale kaua akula i nā hoalauna'ākau i loko o ka imperial panalāʻau o Moesia. Mau Dacians, repressed Roxolans, e ho'ōla i loaa ae, e noho i loko o ka Roma Aupuni. Sarmatians,ʻaʻole i hiki ke hoʻopio i ka Roma'āina, aka mau hoʻouluhua 'ana iā lākou me kā lākou mau kŘpuna kaua.

Hoʻokele waiwai a me ka aoao o ke ola

About i ka Sarmatians, pono ai ua hookolokoloia mai nei ma ka nana ana i ko lakou aina. noho mau kanaka i loko o nā steppes, a laila, alakaʻi i ka nomadic ola. Ke kumu o ka hoʻokele waiwai Sarmatian ua holoholona? Aneii. Ka Mahiai mea a hooku iho, akā, i loko o ka nui uuku me ka unahiʻole,ʻano nui i loko o ka wahi o ka nui muliwai.

Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians - a pau o kēia kanaka i kā lākouʻaoʻao o ke ola me kekahi i kekahi. Ma kahi o ka hale o ka mea, he mau halelewa a me nā kaʻa. ʻai oia o ka ai a me ka waiū, a haawi nui me na ohana holoholona. Popular pa, oia no ua lio ai. ? Ooia o naciiiuo migrations - kekahi au mamuli mea maopopo hōʻike i ka Sarmatians. I ka moolelo o na steppes o Ukraine, Rusia a me aneea oneiaey e pili ana me na kanaka o na mea he nui hulikoehana hoʻopunipuni. Summer Sarmatians noho ma luna o ka pāpū, a me ka hoʻoilo hele a hiki i ka mokuna o ka Azov kai. Lākou typical lole i i ka palupaluʻili nā kamaʻa puki, lole wāwae lōʻihi, a ikeia pālule.

koa moolelo

Like kekahi'ē aʻe nomadic Sarmatians i ole ho i ke ola me ka lio. Mau holoholona,ʻaʻole wale kōkua ma ka aina, akā, i pono ai i loko o ke kaua. Men ao na keiki e holo i ka loa kakahiaka makahiki. No a pau o ia ua mahuahua akamai a me ka Hardy a koa. Keia mea ua hookupaa iho la ia ma ka mea i loko o na keiki a ka lua kupapaʻu, archaeologists i loaʻa i ka mea kaua. Koa oihana hehi i noho kŰlń no kenekulia.

ʻO wai i ka Sarmatians like koa? Lākou arsenal oia o ka uma pōkole ke kakaka, me kaʻaʻa pua piha o nā pua, hao pahi kaua, i ike ia me akinak. Emi mau hoʻohana 'ia Pike, ihe a me ke kaua koʻi lipi. Nō hoʻi, he mea hoike no kahiko kakaolelo e pili ana i ka hiʻona o ka nomads maʻa a me ka lasso. Kapa kila komo pū mahiole a me nā mea kaua bovine rawhide a me Hilo pale kaua.

Cimmerians, Scythians, Sarmatians a me nā kahiko hehi kanaka i hoʻohana i ke kaua e pili ana i ka ia nā kaʻa mokulele. Ke kaua i hoouka o kekahi pūʻulu nui o nā hoʻoholo lio i piha holo māmā i bombing enemi me ka pua. No mākaukau koa, he Roksolana. Sarmats pahikaua a kekahi kanaka nunui nui. Ka mea, ke malama mau wale lima.

ke kaiāulu kanaka,

Makamua moʻolelo a me nā geographers, ka mea i ho'āʻo i ka wehewehe i ka Sarmatians, kuhikuhi mai ia i kēia kanaka a pau i ke kula o ka hoʻoluhi. All kanaka Ua i pilikino ku okoa ana. Hehi luna i koho ia i ka loa kaulana koa. No ka mea, o ka mea fragmentary 'ano o nā kumu o kēia' epekema ike i ka inoa o kekahi mau o kēia mau aliʻi.

Social hulili Sarmatian kanaka, i mea ma ka luna na'lii, ua ka ia,ʻaʻole e mau ana. Kēia Ua e hoikeike ai ma ka puʻu loaa ma archaeologists. Lua kupapaʻu - i ka pono kumu o ka ike e pili ana i ka Sarmatians, a me kona mau hoahele. I kakahiaka nui Sarmatian hoolewa puʻu, he ilihune a me kaʻaʻahu. Eia naʻe, ma ka pau ana o ka V kenekulia BC. e ka. he mau mea waiwai halekupapau ma i i kanuʻiaʻo ia i ke kanaka o ke gula, a me nā luxuries. Oia loaa poe akamai i hōʻike i ka gradual nohona stratification o ka Sarmatians. Cemeteries tribal aristocracy i markedly okoa, mai ka mau, a 'o ia hoʻi i ke ahiahi, i ka i hoʻohalahala nomadic e ho'ōla hoʻomohala kona mau waiwai.

Women a me ka hoomana ana

No 'ike' ike i ka haʻalele o Sarmatian wahine Greek moʻolelo. No laila, Herodotus hoohalike ia me na Amazons. Female nomad imiia lakou maluna o ka lio, a hiki i kahi i loko o ke kaua me na kanaka. Eia hou, ka mea, ua ikeia e ano nui i kūlana i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, pâʻani Sarmatian Kahuna Wahine, ahu iho. Hehi e noho ana he pegana, ka mea, hoomana aku la i ke ahi, a me ka lā. I ka hoomaka ana o ko mākou'āina, i waena o lākou i ka hou Zoroastrian cult hohola iho la.

Sarmatians manaoio aku i loko o ke ola ma hope o ka make, a nolaila, ua loaa i ka puu o disparate hoʻolewa oihana. Kekahi i hana ma lalo o ka aoao o ka animism a me ka hoomana ana i na holoholona. keia ike a pau o kēia noiʻi e pili ana i Stepnyak hoʻomau i kumukanawai a me ka hoʻoikaika like hou hulikoehana loaa. Ka ninau ana o ka poe na Sarmatians, a me ka mea a lakou i hana ai, mamao aku, mai ka paa. Poe akamai a me ka manawa e hoʻomau i ka 'imi mai hana hoihoi lāliʻi e pili ana i na kamaaina kahiko o na steppes o aneea oneiaey, Rusia a me Ukraine.

Alana

sarmatian kanaka paha Alani vertex ua haawi ia ia e like me ka wā o ka Late I-IV CC. I ka hoomaka ana o ko mākou au hou ka mea, i hele mai, mai ka hikina steppes a hiki i ke kai o Azov a me ka Caucasus. Ma 73-74 makahiki. Alans unsuccessfully ho'āʻo e lanakila Parthia, a kaua akula ia, e hele ana i ka lōʻihi ke ala ma ka hikina o ka Caspian Sea. I 123, na nomads hooukaia mai nei i loko o ka Roma e noho ai. Lākou kaua ua loli ka akau-hikina hawaiian'āina o ke aupuni a pau. Kēia manawa Sarmatian wawahi luna Flavius Arrian. I ka 133, i ke kaua i hai. Alans kaua akula i ka mokuna o kēia'Ararata a me Azerbaijan.

Ka muli o hou Sarmatians ma ka hikinaʻEulopa steppes Ua kena ae la ia e kekahi nalu o ka poʻe Polenekia 'ia paha o ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu. Ke'Ilana kanaka e emi mai ka hawaiian steppes, hookahi ma ke alanui formidable Huns. Ma ke IV kenekulia no o ia i ke Great Neʻekau, a i loli ole wale ka Alans, akā, i ka nui o na ohana e ae, a me ka Kelemānia pūʻulu.

Ma hope iho o ka hoouka kaua ana o ka Huns loa o ka Alans mea hoʻoheheʻe mawaena o lakou, a me ka 'ē aʻe o Tureke (Khazars, Volga Bulgars, Utigurs). Kekahi o ka hope pūʻulu o Sarmatians noho i loko o ka Caucasus. Lākou kēia mamo - ka Ossetians, kona 'ōlelo i ka hope ōlelo somehow pili me ka mua he ākea Sarmatian hui.

Kekahi Alans na kanaka] loihi wahi o ka Central Caucasus, ma ka mua noho ma ka poeikohoia o ka Koban hulikoehana moʻomeheu o ka Iron Age. Ma ka VI kenekulia ka mea, ola ke kaua o ka Hawaiian Kauai a me ulia. Kahi o 650 makahiki Alans poe i vassalage mai o ka Khazar Khanate. Ma ka aoao o ka mea nui wahi ma waena o Dagestan, a Kuban ia i ka inoa o. Alan aliʻi intermarried me ke aliʻiʻana o Georgia. Sarmatian moku'āina i loko o ka Caucasus, ua kekahi mau hou kenekulia. Alans mōʻaukala i pau ai ma hope o ka Mongol kaua i loko o ka XIII kenekulia. Mai laila, uaʻaʻole i loaʻa i ko lakou inoa ma ka medievalʻoihana aliʻi.