,ʻoiai ka popopo: ke kumu. hoomalu iho i ke hooheheeia e ku e ia ka popopo Nā Papahana

Ka popopo i kapaia o ka make ana o ka 'ilikai hana pono i ka hopena o undergoing redox keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Loa ia'na o ka mea papa hiki aku ai i ka lilo o ka ikaika, uila conductivity, mahuahua brittleness a me nā waiwai o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia inhibition.

Ma ka hana o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia huahana i malalo iho a hiki i ka hopenaʻino wale i o nāʻano a me ke ano, i waena o i ku mai,ʻoiai. He mea weliweli a me ka unpredictable loa.

,ʻoiai ka popopo

Ma ka ili o ka metala huahana ia mea,ʻaʻole uncommon e ike i ka poe liilii, kaumaha i ka hua'ōlelo o nā mea eleele a me ka eleele. Kēia mau kānakaʻepekema i kapa aku ai,ʻoiai wahi, a me ke kaʻina o ko lākouʻano i ka nānā -'ālualua. Ua lŘlŘ ma luna o ka ili o ka mea ma ka hui 'ana me ka moana wai pāʻoihana o likeʻole paʻakai, chemicallyʻano pākīkē fluids a me kaʻimiʻana'ē aʻe io aʻe.

,ʻoiai ka popopo e loli wale ka OE i eliiaʻi a me ka oka, uluʻano nui i loko o ka ka popopo, ahu iho ai i na wahi o ia wahi mā. "Point ulcers" e ālai ia 'aʻe i ka hana o nā huahana mai lahilahi membranes a? Inoaia i ka manoanoa-paʻa naehana. A, ko lākouʻano i ka popopo kōkua ai i nā ke kahua o ka mawae ua kūpono kou hoemi haawiia mai mea 'ano.

Noaia metala fracture

E haʻalele,ʻoiai pono i ke alo o nā reactants - activators a me sequestrants. E like me ka activator anions o chlorine pinepine hanaʻi, bromine, iodine - e loaʻa ka mea, i loko o ka hapanui hana kūpono ma i mea hiki ke hooheheeia huahana i hoʻohana. Ka mea, i adsorbed ma luna o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia 'ilikai a me ka hana a me kona eiiiiiaiou wailana eiiieaenu.

Like passivating ka wai, a me hydroxyl pae pinepine hanaʻia. Koke luku kaʻina puka e like me ka mea kēia noaia:

1. Activator Ion i adsorbed ma luna o ka ili o ka aiiay ('okesaside) ho film.
2. Aia He He kaʻina hana o ka hakahaka o ka o oxygen Ion a hiki i ke kaʻina hana o ka activator Ion.
3. A nui ka nui o ka wailana Ion, ai ka ho film, mai hemo mai.

E like me ka hopena, kekahi ikehu like ia lŘlŘ ma luna o ka ili o ka mea e hiki aku ai i ka i nā paialewa ho'ā 'kokololio anodic kaʻina. Activator Ion hoʻoneʻe pela i na ioauoa o fracture, ma muli o ke a,ʻoiai ka popopo progresses.

ʻano likeʻole o ka'ālualua ma ka popopo

ʻano,ʻoiai ka popopo loli aʻe ke kaumaha ma muli? Aneie olelo,ʻano nui ma luna o ka wela, pH, Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka waiwai. Ma lalo o ka aoao o kēia mau kumumea loli aʻe palapala lua nui a me kā lākou hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha. Penei, e like me ka nui o ka noho kaʻawale wahi ka make:

• microscopic - kiko nui emi o 0,1 mm o;
• ʻike mau - i ke anawaena o ka lua loli aʻe ma waena o 0,1 a me 1 mm o;
• ulcerative ka wā ho okumu oi 1 mm o ke anawaena.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka wahi o ka,ʻoiai ka popopo hiki e hamama a paʻa. Ma ka hihia mua, e huai ae ko läkou 'o ka luku mea aneane hiki ole - mea pono e hoʻohana kūikawā kani. Kēiaʻano o ka popopo pinepine hiki aku ai i ka breakdowns.

Open rusting kekahi 'i ka maka kapa ole. Pinepine,ʻoiai merge i loko o hoʻokahi o kaʻahahui. Ka wā keia ia lŘlŘ ole hoʻololi iho o ka mea ma ka hohonu, a me ka laula, no ka mea, o ka i neia manawa, ua nui wahi mā.

ano o na lua

Ke ano o ka'ālualua hilinaʻi nui ma luna o nā voids loko o ke aniani puka olu oia i i hana i loko o nā kuʻina mua o ka ka popopo kaʻina. Ka loa pinepine ho okumu o ole shape - e ana ma ka ili o kuhiliʻole kila, kalapona a me ka haahaa oka a steels, Aluminum, chromium, nikala oka a, hao.

Hemispherical ulcers hana me ka hopena o ka isotropic noho male 'ana. Kēia kaʻina Ua like ke Electro. Ma kekahi hapa keia wehewehe i ka lā'ī lalo o ke kalaka nui-hoʻopoepoe recesses. Most susceptible i ka hoʻololi iho, titanium, Aluminum, nikala a me ka cobalt huahana, e like me ka 'ole o ka tantalum. Kahi o ka oia? Ueo i ka'ālualua o kuhiliʻole steels.

Eia kekahi,ʻoiai i e polyhedral a faceted. "Ulcers" o ka hope type e pinepine hui i kekahi i kekahi, i hiki aku ai i ka nui hemispherical luku.

kumu o ka

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu hanana o,ʻoiai ka popopo mea ku ei ka iecaianoaaiiuo enehana a me mechanical ana ma luna o ka mea. E like me ka hopena o ka haunaele ma ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ninini 'enehana i ka hōʻikeʻano microinclusions i loko kona' ole. Ka loa, he pono ole inclusion hiki ke kapa wili me ka unahiʻole.

Aie i ka me mechanical 'ana mea nui pinepine ma luna o ka ili o ka huina hoonui hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala'ālualua. Ke kumu no keia moe i loko o ka make ana o ke keena aiiay ho film, disrupting ka maloko 'ole, e waiho ana i ka ili o ka hua liilii palena. Ka loa, he pono ole kaʻina hana o ka ho'ā 'ia ololi o ka hōʻeuʻeu hookoia, i hiki aku ai i keʻano o nā microcracks.

,ʻoiai ka popopo o nā mea hiki ke hooheheeia e ulu wikiwiki ma apuupuu surfaces, e like me ma lalo o ka aoao o keʻano pākīkē Media - i ka wai kai,ʻakika pāʻoihana.

Nā Papahana no ka mālama metala mai ka popopo,ʻoiai

E hoʻopale ai i mea hiki ke hooheheeia huahana ku e,ʻoiai ka papa kuhikuhiE aoao hoʻohana ekolu:

1. Hoʻopau ihola nenoai ka hoʻohana pāʻoihana o'ākilikai i huiʻia, sulfates, chromates.
2. Introduction o ka mea eiiiiiaiou me kiʻekiʻe ia'ku e rusting o kekahi wahi - o ka molybdenum, chromium, silikone.
3. E ho ohana i ka anode a me ka 'ike loea hou cathode e ho okumu i ka aiiay, ahu iho.

nā kiʻina hana a pau, e hoomalu iho i ke hooheheeia, mai ka popopo mea pili wale no i ka? iecaianoaaiiie o, koi no kiʻekiʻe-ʻenehana lako a pan, a me ka nui poʻo waiwai kūʻai. I ka maʻamau o ke ola mea e loa hoʻopau i ka pilikia o ka'ālualua ole i ke Akua. Ua hiki ke hoonawaliwali wale ke keiki negatively hana kumumea ma:

• ana anticorrosive ka paleʻana;
• hoʻoikaika i ka hana o ia huahana;
• hoemi i ka nui o kaʻakika, i mea ma ka hui 'ana me ka mea.

Akā, i ka loa a me ka pono i loaʻa iaoia mea e akahele anaiia: hoemi ʻilikai roughness, e ka poʻe maoli he kona ka popopo e kū'ē'ē mai. Akā, no ka pane pololei, maikaʻi hoʻohana i nā kiʻina hana e hoʻopale ai i ke hooheheeia e ku ei ka popopo i ka ia manawa.