Boris Babochkin: Kawaihae a me ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni

E like me ia Oleg Yefremov, Stanislavski i hanaʻi i kona palaho'ōnaehana me kanaka e like Boris Babochkin. Kawaihae o ka Mea Keaka, ka mea i hānauʻia ma ka 1904 i ka mahae Chapayeva kūlana hoʻokaniʻia e ia i loko o makahiki 1934, i loko o nā māhele e like: "mua" a me "ma hope o".

kaikaina makahiki

Hânau 'ia Boris Andreevich Babochkin ma Saratov 18.01.1904, i loko o ka ohana o ke alahao. ke keiki ka makuahine i ke kumu ma ke kulanakauhale kula, kahi ia i loaa i kona mau haumāna hoʻonaʻauao. Like a pau na¯ i loko o 13 makahiki lilo i lâlâ o ka Komsomol Boris. A i loko o 15 makahiki aʻu i hele i loko o adulthood - Ua kapaia ka hikina mai Front o ka War Kanawai, kahi āna i mālama ai ma o ka oihana pili aupuni o ka 4th Army.

Eia naʻe, he kanaka oi ma mua o ka hana opiopio, o Laielohelohe hale kiaka. He ana hala examinations ma ka Saratov hana keaka kula, heluhelu i ka hooholo mai o ka poem "poʻe hoʻokalakupua" Maksima Gorkogo. Ke kanaka'ōpiopio koke i ka papa kiʻekiʻe papa. A me ke poo o Aleksandr Kanin o Nuioka ma, noonoo iho la i kona tālena no ka malama, hoouna aku la Boris i Moscow me ka palapala o ka hoike i Nemirovich-Danchenko.

lilo ka Mea Keaka

Ma Moscow, hele aku la ke kanaka, akā, i i hoʻohana patronage. Akā, ke kuka nei lakou i hana keaka kula "Young Nui" ma Hilarion Pevtsova a me ka o Nuioka ma Mihaila Chehova alaila komo ae. Ka mea, ua ka mea mua, e like me ka Mea Keaka, ua waiho iho la oia i kekahi kumu maikai o kona hale kiaka ho okumu. A me Hilarion Pevtsova Boris Andreyevich manaʻo like me kona kumu. Hope i loko o ke au o 6 makahiki (mai 1921) Boris Babochkin ko lākou kūlana (a ua oi aku 200) e pāʻani ana ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Voronezh, Kostroma, Mogilev, Samarkand. Kēia manawa, ua kapa lilo ana.

Waiwai nui i hele mai mai 1927, ka wā o ka Mea Keaka pâʻani ma ka Leningrad Kino o Satire. I loko o, ka mea, ua mua i ka multifacetedʻike hoʻokumu o kanaka, ka poe a pau loa nui hana ma luna o ka poʻohiwi. Babochkin play, kuhikuhi, hana i loko o Film, ao mai la, a kakau iho la 'atikala no ka moʻolelo keaka wale a paʻi.

I ka mea maikaʻi no lakou iho i ka makahiki 1927, e mare Boris Babochkin. Personal ola-Monogamous Mea Keaka, aole ia e hoohalike ai i helu kaulike me ka nui unknowns. All o na¯, ia ia, hina iho la ia ma ke aloha a me ka hula Katya, nana koke ia i ka hahai. A laila, ua loaa ia lakou he kaikamahine Tatyana. Babochkinʻohana ua liʻiliʻi, akā, aloha. Ke hoeeia e aloha kekahi i kekahi, ke kaikamahine i hoʻomaopopo ai, a ua mahaloia ia.

Ka hoʻololiʻana i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni

Mai 1931, e pāʻani ana i loko o ka Pushkin hana keaka Kino (laila, i kapaʻia ka People ka House hana keaka Kino), Boris Babochkin i ka hale kiaka a me ka ho film ua lilo hoi houʻike pono. E like me ua ae ia e ka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, pâʻani 'o ia ka mea, i ke kūlana o Sysoev mai i ka hula "Ka First Holo Malie" Vishnevsky ulu nō keʻano mahalo. He hōʻike i ka lohe ana i ka hanohano kinai, he kipi a me ka patriot, hoopakele ae o ka Fatherland a me ka hoʻokahuli aupuni. Kino kiʻiʻoniʻoni ia mau lā: no ka maikaʻi loa Mea Keaka Petersburg ua makaukau e pāʻani i kekahi maoli nui-me ka unahiʻole moʻolelo a Mānoa.

Ma mua o ka papa kuhikuhi hana i loko o kona ola ana i ka helu o ka pelekikena ma ke akamai o ka Mea Keaka hāʻule mai ina ka makemake o ka hoʻopaʻi, me he mea hoʻomākaukau iā ia no kona kūlana wā e hiki mai seriously.

Hard szhivaetsya ke kahua Mea Keaka me ka i Kekahi Mau 'o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ka mea mua no ka ia ia i kekahi ala o Karavayeva battalion luna i loko o ka ho film "nei." Ka luna hoʻokele o ka manaʻoe kūkulu he ho'āʻo e kali kau mai stringent algorithm Babochkin makakū hōʻike. He kipi, i ka'āponoʻana i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Akā,ʻo kona hope hana - i ke kūlana o ka haku ai Bobryk (i ka ho film "First paukū" kuhikuhi Sablina-Korsch) hōʻike i kekahi kahua Mea Keaka ua hiki ke Makuakane me ka kinospetsifikoy nui iho la ia, a systematically ahuwale i ke kiʻi o keʻano.

Kaumaha alakaʻi Vasilyev pâʻani i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he "Chapaev"

Famous a pau ma luna o ka'āina i kēia Mea Keaka i ke kiʻi Chapaeva. Naʻe, ua he a pau lei o coincidences i alakai aku ai i ka mea i ka Mea Keaka Babochkin Boris Andreevich la i ke kūlana ua i kaʻao mahele luna koa.

Kēia leki hewaʻiʻo kūikawā pōkole manaʻo hoʻopuka. Little ike, i na kanaka haku o ka hōʻike kōmi'ōkuhi "Chapaev", alakaʻi Vasilyev, kue i ka mahaloia manaoio, na hoahanau, he ole - ka mea, e pono namesakes. Kekahi o ia mau mea, Georgiya Vasileva, ka Mea Nānā o ka ho film, a ua lilo ia i Classic, hiki ke 'ike i loko o ka loa o ka White halepaahao psychic kaua, oia hele me ka noae, momoku i ka uahi paka. E hiki no hoi i ka wahine o ka lua o ka mea kuhikuhi. hoʻokani Sergeya Vasileva mea hana keaka wahine Barbara Myasnikov i ke kūlana o Anakie-mīkini-gunner.

Makemake e hoʻokō Babochkin Chapayeva

Initially Ua lawe Boris Babochkin ma ke kūlana o ka pololei oe Vasily Ivanovich - Petka. Ma Chapayeva kūlana i ka loa okoa Mea Keaka - Nikolai Batalov, akā,ʻo ia ano hoomainoino i ke filming o tuberculosis.

Boris A. i ka manawa i he kilakilaʻike hoʻokumu. A pau o kona mua ua hanaʻiʻo akula 'oihana i, ma Mānoa, i ka neʻeʻana aku i loko o ka ulu ana o ke talena. Babochkin hemolele kona pono, e reincarnation. Kona admirers i increasingly mahalo i ke akua kiʻi. He mea e haha ia iho i loko o blurring na palena o kaʻike hoʻokumu.

Ke screenplay o ka māhele luna o ka Mea Keaka hoʻopā ihola i ka Kora naʻEsau, no ka mea, o kona kino ola ua like ia kaua Boris iho Babochkin ma ke Kanawai Kaua i loko o ka hookahi koa me kona meʻe: ua malama no ia i ka luna pili aupuni a hiki i ka 25th lio Māhele. A, i ka kālai'āina kumu aʻo Babochkin no kona hana kamailio i nā man- akia: o ka luna o ka poe koa Avksentiev, ke aliʻi o Staff Makarov ike kino a pau i ka mahele luna o ka poe koa ... koe Chapaev. Vasily Ivanovich, ironically, ia iʻike, a me ka mea i ike ole e ike hou.

Boris Babochkin ike firsthand na subtleties o ke ola a me ka hana kaua. He, oia ka hoao ana i ka trooper hiki prance ma luna o ka lio, a me koa chic, e komo i kaʻaʻahu ma lio ua hoʻokomoʻia i kona chap no laila, i kona noho ana ma kekahi incomprehensible ala, ma ka kino nā manaʻo poe lelo a me ka demeanor konarmeytsev.

Ua haawi aku la ia ia i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻomaopopo i ka kōmi'ōkuhi o ka manaʻoe kūkulu,ʻaʻole like me ka'ōlohe wiwo nā kaʻao, a me ka pāpaho, e imi i ka poe a ke kilokilo ka pae mau alanui-alanui e alakai ai i ka naau o ka Mea Nānā.

Mai ka pololei oe - he Divisional luna

Paha ia mea ke kumu, i mua ho'āʻo e pāʻani ai ma luna o kona iho Petka, Mea Keaka (nona corrosive nā hoapili i kapaʻia no ka mea hiki, e hoʻonui i ka kūlana o ka mea uuku eiiiiiaiou a loa na hoike o kela a me keia) e e pau ole ka hoʻoponopono 'ana i ke kiʻi o ka pololei oe. Vasilyev ua kūkākūkāʻia me ia a ka mea, ua paa ka leo.

Nā koa he kaiʻewaʻewa:ʻelua a pau i kauoha ia e ku e ia i hoʻokahi Mea Keaka. Boris Babochkin kū'ē'ē 'oe. He ku i kona lepo: hula e e okoa. I ka hoʻokahi ka makakū hoopaapaa, huli e mai ia, a puni ho opa ao a hāmau hele aku la i kona kahikoia a nani lumi.

nana Vasilyev i kekahi i kekahi, a uwe aku la, e noonoo pono i ka hoopaapaa ua lanakila, akā, ma laila ka mea, ua. Kēia mau minuke ma hope,ʻano'ēʻia au i hele mai restive Mea Keaka, akā, ma ka no makeup Chapaev. Kuhikuhi wale Hakanü kiʻi a me ka ano mea like. Manawa ea neʻe Babochkin-Chapaeva, i kona spirituality. Ka Mea Keaka i olelo mai ai i kekahi mau impromptu nä hopuna - ka mea, ua oi ma mua o hoomaopopo ana.

Pokole ma luna o ka manaʻo nui kinoraboty Babochkin ma "Chapaev"

Ke kūlana o Petka koke hala Gudkin Mea Keaka Iakoba, ka mea i hope auou caiaiai Leonidom Kmitom. Ma hope iho o ia, e like me nā alakaʻi, "kāleka hele loa."

Pēlā ka manaʻo i kēia kau mua ka anu u i Chapayev - impulsive noi o ka hana-i a me ka koke reincarnation i loko o ka Divisional alihikaua - hehi i ke ao pau Babochkin Boris. Ka Mea Keaka ua ma mua i loko o ka palapala o Vasily ka holoʻokoʻa Auana. A laila, i kēia kūlana ua haʻalele i ka hoailona ma luna o kona ola. A ma ka hopena - i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka pau ana o ka Soviet hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Ma ka hoʻokuʻi pū, a personalities Chapayeva Babochkin

Ke kiʻi mahele luna e hoʻoholo i ka pālākiō o ka loli, a makakū hoʻolaʻaʻana o ka Mea Keaka.

Ma ke kūlana o Chapaeva loaʻaʻo ia i ka manawa kūpono e hoolei punches malie cine ho film, ma o ka Mea Keaka i he puppet o ke kau wela, ma ka mea mawaho credibility i he makemake ko Mea Keaka kaʻike hoʻokumu.

Hiki mai nei i ka hana mana o kaʻike hoʻokumu: ke kiʻi Chapaeva ola ae la ia, hoopa aku la i miliona o ka naau, ua piha oia me ka maʻiʻo i ka hanu a pau i loko ona Babochkin. Makemake e ike i ka Divisional he Alihikaua, ina ole i ka holoholona hihiu o ka Mea Keaka? E kani ma na lehelehe o ke anaina e Babochkin inoa, ina ole, Vasily Ivanovich?

I ka hopena o kēia mau kānaka i inextricably merged. Ingenious hou 'ana i ka hana mana hana. Moʻolelo kaʻao i hana i ka nui Lūkini Mea Keaka Boris Babochkin. Photo o ka Mea Keaka i no makeup Chapayeva i hoa kahiko o ka 25th lio Māhele, kino kama'āina me Vasily Ivanovich, i kapaʻia'ālike i ka mua.

E haawi piha hula a hiki i ka mana o ke akamai: Mea Keaka, hoopii aku i kona lohe ana e pili ana i ka moʻolelo mea ole impersonal ikaika a me ka nani, e like me ke ola kanaka, ai ka oiaio, ke Akua-haawi tālena - e ia i ka luna koa. CHapaev Babochkin, Divisional, hoala mai ano o ka hoouka kaua, i kekahi manawa pali makaʻuʻole naʻauao. I kekahi manawa ia mea humanly hewa

Akā, ka mea a pau - maopopo subordinate luna kanaka palupalu. A kala mai la lakou ia ia ia ia, me he mea e kala koʻu makua kāne iho. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka meaʻike i kā lākou mau Chapayev, aole loa e haawi aku, mai haʻalele i ka kahua kaua. Ka mea, manaʻo ka mea, o ka mea maikaʻi loa nā kaʻa mokulele, instinctively maopopo i ka i Kekahi Mau 'o ka lio kaua. Ka mea e, ina e pono ai, mai kānalua, e pani ia me kona kino ma ka heleʻauana pōkā like Chapaev a me ka makaukau, e make no ia.

A pau o keia ua hiki ke lawe mai i kā lākou mau manamana Babochkin.

I ka hopena o ke kūlana ma ka Chapaev makakū ola ana o ka Mea Keaka Babochkin

Ke ho film "Chapayev" komo aku la i loko o ka mua haneri o ko ke ao nei i ka maikaʻi ho film hana. At Ilamuku Voroshilov Boris Andreyevich hihiuʻo ia i ia i manaʻo e hāʻawiʻo ia i ka Mea Keaka i keʻena ma Moscow. Boris Babochkin kaikamahine ke hoole i ka nunui lahui aloha, i ua pakī mai ma luna o kona makua kāne. Mea Keaka maoli i hana i ka maoli masterpiece. Hoʻokahi kanahā makahiki ma hope, he maikaʻi loa kuhikuhi Tarkovsky kapa Babochkin-Chapaeva "nui daimana, ma i kēlā me kēia maka Akä naÿe no ia me ka mea e pili, ho okumu i ka monolithic specificity."

Mahalo i kēia ho film hana Babochkin lilo i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli o ka muli loa People ka Artist o Rusia.

"Chapaev" i ka Mea Keaka i kekahi ano o ka indulgence: kona kauoha, a hamama kanaka, ka mea hiki ole ke hakuloli a me ka olelo ana pinepine kaʻawaʻawa loa na mea, mai hoopa aku i ka NKVD. Oiai mea kaukaʻi ma ka loiloi 'ana o ke Kuhina, a me ka wahine i ua haawiia mai. Envious, a nele Boris Andreyevich aole au i ke nahu i kona alelo ...

Boris Babochkin i ka hale kiaka a me ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma hope o "Chapaev"

Iloko o ka Nui Patriotic War, ka Mea Keaka Film ka hailona. June 22, 1941, oia ua ma Riga ma ka filming o "make loop", haʻi e pili ana i ka ke kahu moku, S. Utochkin. Kona kanaka i aloha ai. Mea Keaka lākou kinoobraz paipai kanaka, e pale aku i ka Nazis, ua hoʻomaopopo ihola nō ia, e hana ana i fanatically, 16 hola o ka lā. He nui ka poe nui Auana pelekikena a pâʻani 'o ia ma ka Boris Babochkin, me kona hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kaua manawa ua, pili: "Invincible", "Front", "Ka Pale Kaua o Tsaritsyn", ", Mother o ke kula" I ka hope o kēia mau Film i ka hana mua o ka mea like me ka manaʻoe kūkulu he mea kuhikuhi.

Eia naʻe, ina filmmaking Babochkin he 'oluʻolu nāʻana, ua hiki mai kona moʻolelo keaka wale na hana ma lalo o hoouka. Au i inaina aku iā ia no ka loaa, no ka tālena. Akā, inā i ka envious Auana "Chapayev" ua he untouchable kapu bipi wahine, ka mea hana e like me ka hana keaka kau wela Grandma, halawai aku la lakou me ka manaʻoe hōʻeha. Hoʻoholo i hanaʻia i loko o kahi nalo, Arts Aha, kaumaha e ideological dogma a me nā lauana. Ke kahua ua paradoxical: ka Leningrad hoolohe enthusiastically ike hele me kuai-mai hana o "King Potap", "Kuban", "Wolf", "Summer People" (Boris Babochkin - kau wela a), a ma hope o ka lā o ka kaomi haawi ia i smithereens.

Ma ke ala, i ka hula "King Potap" Boris Andreyevich, noonoo iho la i kona mau pono hana. He hiki ole ke ku e kekahi i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka hoomaau, a kākau i kekahi palapala o ke resignation, hoʻoneʻe mai Leningrad a hiki i Moscow. A laila, i kēia ka anu u, e kapa aku i ka hewa nui o kona ola. He kulanakauhale ma ka Neva ua oi congenial.

Kau i ka palu hoʻokele i loko o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Pushkin

Leningrad i loko o kā lākou mentality, Babochkin loli i ka puu o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Moscow. He mua pâʻani 'o ia i loko o ka First Moscow Art Theatre, laila, - ma ka Vakhtangov Kino. Mai 1949 a hiki i 1951 Boris A. i ka Mea Keaka a me ka luna hoʻokele o ka Moscow Art Kino, Moscow hana keaka Kino. Pushkin. E hana i ka la mahope hoao iho la e e hoohua mai oukou.

Babochkin o ke kahua, a lawe piha na hale, - "aka" (nānā 'ana i Saltykov-Shchedrin). Leningrad hai kulana. Ma ka mea, o ka mea kuhikuhi, pīpī me caustic, undeserved, nei ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa noʻonoʻo loi. No keia pomaikai, no ka tālena. Ma Babochkin laila ka mea, he i kona mua naau maluna, lalau iho la ia i kona wahi moe i ka haukapila. A laila, no ka makahiki ekolu ka mea, he ia eʻaʻole loaʻaʻoihana. Ka Mea Keaka ike pehea e kikoo i ke kālepa ma puppets kiʻiʻoniʻoni, akā, i puʻe wale akula kēlā, e noi aku i ka manawa i oleloia ai me ke Kuhina o Culture Furtsevoy ... Soon, i loaa i ka 'oihana ma ka mały Kino.

Hana ma ka Moscow Art Kino

A 'aneʻi ke kulana ua hai: babochkinsky hula "Ivanov" e hele ana i ka hale piha, a me ka pepehi noʻonoʻo loi (figuratively olelo ana) haehae iho la ia me kona mau niho. "Ua pilikia ka" Babochkin ua ideological:ʻo ia manawa a waiho i ke kanaka ma luna o ideology, manaʻo o kaʻoiaʻiʻo, lunaʻikehala o ka Party ua pono. A nae oia ma ke akea i kapa i ka luna hoʻokele o ka hale kiaka Tsarev Iuda, no ka libel ma ke ano akamai kau wela Meyerhold, ka poe i lilo i ke kumu no ka hopu ana o ke ano akamai. Ka mauu Boris A. A mea.

Ma hope o envious hai rezhessiruemy ia pāʻani "Les" unplanned, Boris Babochkin hiki ole ke ku i ka hoohaahaa ana, a haʻalele mai ka mały Kino.

He haʻalele ao ma VGIK. Kana poe haumana, i ua mea hana keaka Natalia Bogunova, me ka mahalo e pili ana unspentʻike hoʻokumu Babochkin. E like me ia,ʻo ia ke "kuikui aku la i ka" holoʻokoʻa huakai.

kahi o ka hopena

Babochkin e ao ana ma VGIK, au koke ihola i ka pilikia o ka Soviet keaka: i ka hele aku mai Classic, a hiki i ka hakahaka o ka makaukau no formalism. Konaʻeha poino emasculation kanaka, e hana, oe hoʻomaka ma ka pelekikena a.

koke o Hoamakeikekula Boris Andreyevich ka makemake e waiho ai "Ka Seagull" Chekhov ka noho make ole. He palapala iho la i kona mau hanana kau wela a ka kōmi'ōkuhi. 17/07/1975 Babochkin o kona kaʻa i hele mai i ka mały Kino, ua hele mai i loko o ka hale, i hiki aku ai i berita me Igorem Ilinskim, no laila ia i hoʻokani i ke kūlana o Malaia. Ma ke ala hoʻi,ʻo ia koke lilo ka maʻi. Heart. He papani ai hoi i ke kaʻa. I ka hoʻomaka 'imi i ka papa. Ka mea, i ole i ma ka lima ...