He aha ka hale kiaka. Mōʻaukala o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Arts

I ka moolelo o ka moʻolelo keaka wale no oe , i lilo ai i loko o kahiko. Ina i ia manawa maluna o ka noho kauā kuapaʻa, a i ole hoʻonaʻauao. Akā, kanaka i mea i ka hale kiaka. Ka Uluwehi o mai, mai na wahi hohonu o ka lōʻihi kanaka mōʻaukala, kā lākou mau aʻa, oia hele aku i loko o ka mea pohihihi o ka mea kahiko kanaka nuipa a oihana, merrymaking a me Kuʻu. Ala aʻela ma luna o kēia kumuʻike mau iniiaiie hana o ka puke kātuna, a me ka lono kaumahaʻano (e like me Saturnalia, mea pohihihi) na oihana mua o ka hana keaka (ka mythological manao) kuka komo hula,ʻano, pü maila nā mele, mummers, ea paha. I nā hana a me ka hookaawale ana me ke kapuai hookahi no haipule kumu, hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka ahakanaka huapalapala Hui, hoʻololi 'nuipa a nuiʻahaʻaina i loko o hoʻonohonoho ń. A pau i kēia wālua i ke ala no ka muli o ia i ka punahele a me nā mea a pau i ka palapala, ai 'hana keaka. Hookoia dismemberment o ka hoolohe ana, a me nā nā mea hana keaka hoike nui nohona hana o keia oe palapala.

Kēia kaʻina ua maopopo hoikeia i loko o ka hale kiaka o Makamua Greece, a i loaa he nui hopena ma luna o ka hana kūpono 'ana o Europa nō. Ma ke kulanakauhale-Hui Pūʻia, i lilo poʻo o ka nui nohona ola. He aha ka ke keaka i kahiko Greece? laila ia e hoohalike ai, ua mahalo nuiʻahaʻaina. Ma ka mea nui, gigantic amphitheater ma lalo o ka lani e hamama ana, e hele ana i ka umi o na tausani o nā kanaka mākaʻikaʻi enthralled. Ma waho aʻeo i ke kanawai 'oihana nā mea hana keaka ke pāʻani mai i ka manao, a ma na kanaka - nā lālā o ka papa hīmeni a wale. Dance a me ke mele he nui, i ke kumu nui hehee wale o ka hana.

He aha ka ke keaka i kahiko Roma? Aia ulu hou 'Imi o ke kahua ma ka hapanui o nā hana, e hoʻololi i keʻano o ka loa, mahuahua' oihana keaka ipu, me nāʻano likeʻole o ka hana ana (mele a me ka hula hoikeia ma mythological kumuhana - pantomime, a hiki ma ke au o ke aupuni a ulu, koe ia a hiki 5 i loko o ka loa. he kaulana moʻolelo keaka wale 'ano moʻokalaleo ke).

Europa i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni no ke Middle Ages kokoke oki i nei. Uilyam Shekspir a me kekahi mau playwrights i loko o ka XV kenekulia. pohala ia. A laila, me ka a koe, pâʻani 'o ia mau manamana i loko o nā keikikāne a me nā kānaka. Mea hana keaka muaʻikeʻia i loko o ka hanohano Ikalia troupes o kono mau âlapa pôhili me ka poe i hookani i ka Comedy "ka manaʻo o ka arte" (liʻiliʻi puke kātuna hula me ka obligatory komo ana o na ea paha o nā huapalapala).

Humanistic moʻomeheu o ka pakebona ola ae la ia i ka moolelo kahiko o ka moʻolelo keaka wale nō, hoʻohuiʻia ia me ka waiwai mooolelo o ka poʻe kānaka aina hooilina. Ma ka hana keaka a kaulana dramatists o ke au hōʻike i ka mōʻaukala i loko o ka huʻi kālai'āina a me ka pilina i kāna hana.

Ke ala o ka hale kiaka pili me kaʻeleu kūkākūkā o ka classicism, i mea he aina lehulehu - ka hoʻohuiʻana o kekahi absolutist? Eiia io maʻEulopa aina kekahi. nā mea hana keaka hana i ka hana i ka luna 'kiʻi o ka meʻe e lanakila ma ka na aumeume he a me ordeals dichotomy iho ma waena o nā koi o ka lehulehu a me nā pono. Hoikehonua, pilikia i loko o keia manawa i loaa me ka Hōʻuluʻulu a universally nui külana. A i ka hale kiaka o classicism.

Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 18th kenekulia, e lilo i ka papa kuhikuhiE waha'ōlelo o nā manaʻo o ka kokololio bourgeois hoʻomāʻikeʻike wale. Ma ka no o na nā mea hana keaka o ka manawa maikai kupa ua pono hui me ka makemake ikaika, e hana i kekahi hou holistic, me ka hoihoi i loko o mōʻaukala oiaio.

Romanticism lilo i nā pono kīvila o ka kemokalaka nā paʻi hua a me humanistic ideals. Ma lalo o ka hae o kēia au i loko o ka hana keaka weheia paio nui me ia iho imitative classicism - no ka lāhui kanaka, historicism, aupuni ano pono'ī.

Realism, a i hoomakaukauia ma ka hale kiaka o ka mālamalama, a laila, romanticism, kuai he kohu kūpono kuokoa pepa ma 30-40gg. 19. a hiki i ka lani kiekie loa Hoʻohaku manao ma ka hapalua like-kenekulia.

Ma ka mea kēia keaka hoʻokō i ka hoʻololi kemikala o na mea he nui nō ano, kaiapili pilikia a me Emotions - manaʻoʻike Ka Ikepili, kiʻekiʻe pono kuanaʻike, ka mea naʻau moku'āina o immediacy, pono a me ka grotesque ka hoao ana a me ka loa, a me ka Lyrics satire. A pau o keia hele mai i loko o ka loa a me ka 'aʻa' unexpected pu malu ana. He aha ka ke keaka o ko mākou manawa? He He nō i ka welelau o e hoʻokokoke i ke kai a piʻi aʻela hana o nā kiʻi, e hoola i ka nui noʻeau mea a me kā lākou meaningfulness. I kēia lā, i kēiaʻano o ke akamai, ua hiki ole i ka mea kuhikuhi. I nui ua manawa i manao ai.