Ka mea kahiko i ka aila kahua i loko o Rusia a me ka manaʻolana 'ia o ka hou

lilo iho la i ka luna i loko o ka XX kenekulia i ke kūlana o kaʻaila i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka kālai'āina, e like me ka hokii, ulu o kona nā mea loaʻa. Ka hooulu ana a me ka nunui ana o na'ā kiko'ī nui māhuahua hokii, o ka wahie kaʻaila, kerosene, kakolina a me solyarovogo i wahie, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka hapa iki o ka "aila" like me ka Nine Inch feedstock no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā lula a me 50s i hana mai i kekahi kahua ma i ka hanalima aina hiki ole kahu ai me hydrocarbons.

Kēlā me kēia aila kahua ma Rusia i ka mōʻaukala a hiki hoʻi i kekahi manawa pono elua a ekolu makahiki, a i kekahi manawa kenekulia ana. DI Mendeleyev, e hoopono i ka nui loa o ka Nine Inch hana, ma ka XIX kenekulia kekahi prophetically hoʻohālike au e aa ana me ka hoao e mahana mai, mai ka lapalapa ahi e aa banknotes keia waiwai nui i ikeia ka mea i loko o na umu. Kūlana pale cia hydrocarbon i hoike e ole emi expressive metaphor - ". I ke koko o ke kaua"

Ka mea kahiko i ka aila kahua ma Rusia aia i loko o ka North Caucasus, ua koʻu mauʻaneʻi no ka luna o ka hapalua kenekulia. Ma muli o ia mea, he lōʻihi-kau hana ino papa ulu, a me ka hana ma waena o ka hohonu aina papa o na voids i piha i ka wai. Aka hoi, Rostov wahi, Dagestan, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia a me Chechnya, a me ka Stavropol a me Krasnodar māhele 'āina e ka hoʻopukaʻana i nā puke o hydrocarbons.

Hoʻonui o ka hanalima? Acaeoey ia i wahi i ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia alakai io? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ka Volga-Ural māhele 'āina. He aila kahua ma Rusia o ka loa? Anoee, akā, like Haole, ka mea ua hoʻohana no ka lōʻihi manawa. Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Samara māhele 'āina a me Europa, wahi'ē aʻe e nui, hoʻowahāwahā i nā puke kŘpa a uuku o extracted maka mea. O ia mau mea - ma ka pono Leeuwerikpleinʻoihana a e i ka uuku halihali koina a me high quality, haahaa luaipele maʻiʻo manaʻo a me paraffins.

I 60-ies o XX ke kenekulia, kaulana i ka kokololio kūpono 'ana o nā kumu waiwai i loko o Western Siberia. Nizhnevartovsk, Surgut, Kholmogorskoye, Ust-Balik lilo nui-oaio? Ia o? Iecaianoaaiiuo o hydrocarbons.

Penei, 90% o ka hydrocarbon? Iecaianoaaiiuo buke no ka nui aila mahinaʻai i loko o Rusia, i mea ma Western Siberia (67%), a me ka Volga-Ural māhele 'āina (25%).

E olelo e lilo holopapa Kara? Aie? Barents, Caspian a me Okhotsk, a me ka Polar kikowaena. Unique koʻu imi mea hihiu ana "me ke kaumaha, ka aila," ua hana ma lalo o ka Usinsk, ma ka Timan-Pechora kahua.

Russian ka aila o ka hailonaʻana, i loko o kona? Iecaianoaaiiie, ko kakou aupuni ninoaaeyao i ka ono o ka wahi i loko o ke ao nei. Naʻe, ka mea i loko o nā makahiki o ka 'ā ina hana lawe mai i ka paʻakikī a me ka keʻena wahi kahi hoʻouku mea problematic no ke kalakala ino ana, a mahope amo pono ai ka hana o ka lōʻihi pipelines, i mai la i ke ana o ka nui mahuahua ma ka puke e manaoia.

E olelo aha kanaka nā i ka'āina o ka Hikina Hema Asia, kahi i ike i ka nā makahiki he nui mahuahua ma ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Ieoaeunoai o ka pipeline ua lawe mai i loko o ke ala o ka Pacific, ia e hoʻohui China, a me ka hikina Siberianʻaila kahua ma Rusia. Map hydrocarbon arteries ka huikau hou aku ai manamana. Ka mea, kau ma ka hikina a me ke komohana mai, akā, ua kuai lilo aku la iaʻano nui maka aila. Aaioee ka mea, ua hana aku ka lono a me ka waiwai, mai technologically Uluwehi O na hana i waihoia ma na buke o ka hanalima hui. He aha e hana ai?

Wale kekahi aoao mai: e puku i ka mea hoʻolilo o ka maka mea, e hele mai, mai ke kuai ana o ka huina hoonui i ka i kā mākou loaʻa pākeu waiwai. ? Ac? O ko mākou mau Nine Inch aaioee hana - keia mea i ka inevitable ala e hoʻonui loa i ka naauao ana o kumu waiwai, ili mai ko kākou mau kūpuna.