Ka mua 'Amelika astronaut Alan Shepard. Ka misionari o "Mercury-Redstone 3" May 5, 1961

No ka nui o ka loa kaulana personalities ma kaʻimi loa i ka lewa o ka makahiki e, Yuri Gagarin a me Neil Armstrong. I ka 'elele o ka Soviet Union lele mua i loko o ka lewa, a hoi mai la e ola ana, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia - ua pae ma luna o ka mahina.

Eia naʻe, Armstrong - i ka mea mua 'Amelika astronaut. Ka mea, i manaoia e e he loa okoa kanaka. Kona Kawaihae, kūlana hana a me ka nuʻukia e e kūkākūkā i ka pauku.

Hoomakaukau ana no ke koho ana o astronauts

Ua mea i ike ole ia i ka mana mau a pau i ka papa kuhikuhiE nā kānaka hoʻokūkū ma ke kahe ana o ka lewaʻimi loa i ka lewa. Ma ka US, me ka pilikia 'ole i loko o ka Research konu Langley (Virginia). Eia naʻe, ma ka hou ana i ke hoʻololi i a ana i loko o ana o ka spacecraft, ka mea, ua pono e lilo i kekahi poe o astronauts.

Makaukau no keia, hoomaka ae la me ka November 1958. Ka mua pūʻulu o US astronauts ua ia e koho i kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Initially mākou makemake e koho i hoʻokahi haneri a me ka mea kiʻekiʻe o nā kānana kanalima moho mai o keia pae ana o kanaka ma ka hopena o ka 'inikua a me ka manaʻoʻike ho'āʻo ma, e like me ka pono me ka eiwa-mahina aʻo. E like me ka hopena o ke koho ua e noho eono astronauts.

Nui 'ākeʻakeʻa a me ka huli' ana no ka moho ua i ka olelo hooholo o Peresidena Dwight Eisenhower, ka mea i ike wale na moho maikaʻi i waena o ka hoʻokolohua pailota. O kēia mau wae a me ka kila.

koho o astronauts

Ma ka hoʻomaka o 1959 hoʻomaka i ke koho. Alakaʻi ma ka poe akamai i kēia mau ana hoʻohālike.

• kiekie - 180 knm;
• hemolele physical ano;
• makahiki - mai i hookahi kanaha makahiki;
• hoʻonaʻauao - oaoieei-(Pili);
• ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā - ka hoʻokolohua kahu moku;
• lele ka hoao ana - ole e emi malalo o umikumamalima haneri hola.

E like me kēia mau ana hoʻohālike, 'elele mai NASA koho 110 moho, wae no ka mea i kekahi pūʻulu i loko o ka nui o ka 36 kanaka, e lawe mai no hoi ia e ho'āʻo ai. Ma ka hooholo ia ana o manao 'inikua a me ka manaʻoʻike ninaninau hooholo 32 moho. Kekahi o ia i deselected, no laila, ke Research Center hiki 31 ke kahu moku. E möakäka hou koho ua loa paʻakikī. Ma ka hopena, ka mea hoʻomalu i koho oleʻeono, akā, ehiku kanaka no ka mea mahuka.

Pailota kapa astronauts, a me kā lākou mau inoa i kauoha aku, a hai mai 09.04.1959 makahiki. Mawaena o lakou ua i ka mua 'Amelika astronaut.

Ka mua ehiku me Alan Shepard

A pau na astronauts he ohana kanaka me ka 'enekinia, ka hoʻonaʻauao, i ka maikai physical shape. Ko lakou mau makahiki kaulua mai ka 32 a hiki i 37 makahiki.

Ka papa inoa o ka mua ehiku me ka koa ka hoouka kaua:

• Dzhon Iwalani - Colonel.
• Gordon Cooper, Virgil Grissom, Donald Slayton - luna.
• Alan Shepard, Walter Schirra - kula kiʻekiʻe 'na kiaaina.
• Scott kamana - Lutanela.

Mawaena o lakou i kekahi mea i kumu kāki i ka inoa "ka mua Amelika astronaut." hoomaka Men e hoomakaukau ai no ka holo mua ma ke kumu o ka Research Center ma Virginia, a laila, - ma Houston (Texas). Kēlā me kēia 'elele o ka Group oʻEhiku i kona iho specialization. Ke protagonist o ka 'atikala aʻo i ka hana o ke ola a me ka hoʻokoloʻana nenoai.

Education Shepard

Alan Ua hānauʻia ma luna o 18.11.1923 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Derry. I kona makahiki 36, lilo 'o ia i kekahi o na astronauts ehiku i koho ia e NASA no manned la mahuka ana. Ma na aoao, i kēia ka pilina i ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia i loaa.

Wā e hiki mai astronaut Alan Shepard i loko o kona manawa puka 'o ia mai ka Academy College o Adimarala Farragut, ka mokukaua Academy me keʻano o ke kēkelē o Science, mokukaua College.

Trees pepaʻikepili

Ma hope o ka loaa ana i ke kēkelē o ka degere, Alan Shepard lilo i luna ma ka Moana. I keia manawa, no ka mea, wahi a ka Apana World War, no laila ia i häʻawi mai ai iä o ka luku, a hoouna aku la i loko o ka Moana Pākīpika.

I ka makahiki 1947, ka mea i hoʻopiʻi 'ana i ke kahu moku, a me ka mea i häʻawi mai ai iä ka squadron ma nā pāpū-poʻe luku aku. I ka makahiki 1950 i ka ke kahu moku, hoao kula alaila komo ae. Ma hope o pau i ke aʻo,ʻo ia komo i loko o ka lele e ho'āʻo ai, a me ia mea no ka hooulu ana o ka refueling'ōnaehana i loko o ka lewa. Loko o na malama elima, i ka wā e hiki mai cosmonaut ua i ke kumu aʻo no ka hoao ana poʻe hoʻoholo moku.

Mamua o lilo ka astronaut, Shepard lele oi ma mua o 8,000 hola, a i 3700 i ua lawe mai ma luna o ka mokulele hēkī mokulele.

Trees astronaut

Ka mua 'Amelika astronaut mea i waena o nā moho ehiku, ka poe i waeʻia e NASA i ka 1959. Ka mea, i ka hoomakaukau ana no ka polokalamu "Mercury". Kona professionalism a me ka ano hoʻohana 'ia i mua i na elele o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, e loaa makahiki, a lele i ka mahina.

Kona lele muaʻo ia i loko o 1961. Ka huakaʻi ua pōkole, akā, no laila, e pono no i ka United States o Amerika. Moku mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku Ua kapaia "ku okoa 7".

Ma hope, astronauts makaukau me ka understudy G. Cooper ma ka nuʻukia "Hawaiian Edition 9". I ka makahiki 1963,ʻo ia i manao iho e hele i ka "Hawaiian Edition 10". Holo ana i manao e pana aku au iʻekolu mau lā, akā, ka mea i hōʻoki aku. Ma hope iho o ia, ua koho ka mea mua kahu moku, astronaut ma luna o ka moku "Gemini". He hoʻomaka 'aʻo, oia akaaka malu i ka' inikua ninaninau, e like me ka hopena o ka mea ana i diagnosed me ka pepeiao maʻi, o Nyos i ka hana o ka vestibular i hoʻomākaukauʻia. Ma muli o ia Meniere ka maʻi, ua kau mai ka lele ana no kekahi mau makahiki.

I mea e hoʻi, e hoomakaukau no ka holo, Shepard i ia iʻoki kino ma ka pepeiao lua. Ua ua holomua, a me na astronauts hoi aku la i kaʻeleu hana.

I sorokasemiletnim kahu moku, ka hānau mua i ia manawa, NASA astronaut Alan i kona lua o ke ola i loko o ka lewa mahuka ana. He Ua hoonohoia luna o ka "Apollo 14". He i ke kolu o ka holomua US huakaʻi a hiki i ka mahina. A i loko o ka manawa, mai Ianuari 31 a hiki i Pepeluali 9, 1971.

"Mercury-Redstone" Alan Shepard

E like me ia i ka polokalamu "Mercury" holo o Alan Shepard lilo ka mua holomua Launch o ka manned spacecraft. He Ua piha lawe rocket "Redstone-3." Mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku ke piʻi i ka kiʻekiʻena o 186 ei, a haule iho la ia i loko o ka wai o ka United States 'Akelanika' landfill. huli mai kēia wahi i ka ia i ka mamao o 486 ei mai ka palapala ho omaka.

Akä naÿe i ka mahuka Yuriya Gagarina, ka mea e hoʻokele e circumnavigate i ka Honua i loko o kona Astronomical, May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard hiki makahiki Noho i ka uuku oi ma mua o umikumamalima minute i holo wale nō ma hope. He lilo iho la i ka lua o kanaka ma ka honua, ka poe i pili ia ia mau wahi kiekie.

lele pahu hopu

I ka papa kuhikuhiE US Pahuhopu ua e komo mua ma ka makahikiʻimi loa i ka lewa i na aina e, ka oi aku o ka Soviet Union. "Mercury" polokalamu komo ai i ka manaʻo o kekahi mau manaʻo. ʻana i ka Launch o ka'ōnaehana, "Mercury-Redstone 3", ma a Shepard ua.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o ka lele.

• E hoomakaukau ai ka hoao ana manned spacecraft i Launch, mana holo, weightless ana, a komo i ka lewa a me ka awa.
• Ka loiloi 'ana o ke kahu moku, uku ma ka spacecraft mana, leo palapala i holo.
• Ka like o kanaka muli o ka lewa holo kuhikuhi physiological.
• Manawa kūpono o ka pae ka astronaut a me ka spacecraft.

Ke ola o ka astronaut 'oihana ma hope o ka puka

I ka pau ana o kona lele ana 'oihana, Alan Shepard, kona Kawaihae ua noʻonoʻo i loko o ka' atikala, komo i loko o ka lawelawe hana. I ka makahiki 1971, ua lilo iho la ia i ka elele 'o ia i ka un General Ahaolelo. I ka Ia manawa, halawai aloha oia me he doctorate ma maoli sciences a me humanities.

I ka pau ana o ka iwakalua kenekulia, pu me nā nā kānaka moʻolelo, ka astronaut kaulana i paʻi i ka puke "holo ana a hiki i ka Moon." Ma kona wehewehe koke i hana mai i ka kīwī moʻo.

Shepard make ma 21.07.1998 ma ka makahiki o kanahiku-kumamalima makahiki. Ke kumu o ka make i hoʻolōʻihiʻia maʻi - leukemia. Five pule ma hope o kona make ana, a me kana wahine Louise. Ua cremated ko lākou mau kino, a me ka lehu puehu wale aku no ma ke kai.

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi e pili ana i ka astronaut a me ka lele

Ka papahana, a i mālamaʻia Alan, i ka inoa o "Mercury". Ka inoa i kohoʻia i loko o ka hanohano o ka Roma mythological kanaka, o ka elele o na akua a me ka haipule o ke kuai. Ma Washington, ka papahana inoa aponoia 12.10.1958 makahiki.

Mai i nā moho no ka la holo e e kapaia astronauts. I ka inoa i waeia e analogy me ka Argonauts ma Helene pili kūpono loa ka poe i holo i ka "Golden huluhulu wale" a me ka aeronaut, oa balloonists.

Mamua o ka lele, ua hoonohoia Alan ikaikaʻai. He hoʻomākaukau kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino kānaka poʻo kuke. No ka laʻana, aina kakahiaka oia o ka alani wai, semolina, hua paha,'ōhelo papa Jam a me ka kope me ka kōpaʻa. Ka papa inoa o nā kīʻaha e lauwili. Kānaka poʻo kuke hoomakaukau ana i kekahi e lawelawe i ka astronaut, a me ka lua o ka lā mālama i loko o ka Pahu Hau ma ka hihia o nā pilikia ma ka hou ana i ka digestive'āpana.

Kekahi lā ma mua o ka holo o ke kope mai i ka 'ike no ua, ua wehe' ia ma muli o ia kona diuretic a me ka noho haumāna kahi kanawai.

Mua e hoʻomaka ana i ka astronaut mai la ia iaʻu: "Mai Mai hoʻohewa ia i, Shepard." Nā Media Ua pākuʻi i ka wahi o ka mea, i olelo ia i ka olelo a ke Akua. e like "pule" i pane mai he nui pailota, mai kēia manawa.

I ka ke kahu moku, ua aia i loko o ke kaa i mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku 5 hola a me 15 minuke, akā, ua wale elua a me ka hapalua hola i ka lele. Nā kumu no ke kali, ua oaoieei-hitches, a ikea mai la ao, ma muli o ia i makemake ole e pono kiʻi o ka Honua, mai ka lewa. Moku ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma 9 hola a me 34 minuke. Ia nānā 45 miliona Mea Nānā i loko o ka United States.

Nā ho'āʻo mua e hiki i ka cosmos i ole mau i holomua. E hoʻolako i nā lāliʻi ka loa paʻakikī. No laila, NASA, koho i ka loa kupono moho no ka holo, i i kā lākou maʻamau physiological pono noʻonoʻo. ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o ka spacecraft ua hikiʻole i ka höʻike aku ana ia lakou iho. No ka mea, o keia, Shepard i e hana ia i loko o ka hoopii i ka mea mahuka.