Kāna hana o ka pokole a me ko lakou mau ano:ʻike, a me ka lapaʻau

Ke kanaka kino - he kupanaha pu ana o na mea he nui nā loko, nā'aʻaʻa, oihana, Nine Inch reactions, pou impulses e ae i ke kanaka, e ola, aʻo, a wehe aʻe i ka honua a puni ia. Cognition i wahi me ke kōkua o nā 'ole ma luna o ka kanaka makaukau no - malamalama, kani, ono, nā dudima, tactile a me ka māhele pokole. A pau i kēia - ke kumu o ka ike a me ka kanaka ola i loko o ka honua a puni ia. A me ka pokole o kāna hana, ka mea a lakou e e, a i ole kumu no ka mea i hiki mai ai - he nui pilikia.

Pokole: Pahele hua hoʻohui wale

Ka mea i kanaka ke ike i ke ao nei a puni ia, ke komo pū i ka makaukau a me ka manaʻo. Ka ike ana e loaa me ke kōkua o ka ike, ka lohe ana, ono, tactile 'ole, honi a me ka hoomaopopo ana kino a hoomoana ma ka makahiki hiki, ua malamaia lakou nei, me ka kūikawā māhele o ka lolo, a me ke kōkua o ka manaʻo a me ka hana i loaa i loko o ka luna e manaʻo e pili ana i ke ao nei. Kāna hana o ka pokole ma kekahi wahi e ae i ke kanaka, e kiʻi i ka piha kiʻi.

Kahi lōʻihi, a kokoke

Kāna hana o ka waiʻona ma a me ka pokole o ka 'ike i pili loa ua hoʻopili. Receptors e loaa 'ike e pili ana i ka puni aku o ka lanakila, ke hoʻouna i nā aʻalolo impulses i ka lolo, ma ke Ka Ikepili aaioee o ka loaa mai aeaiiua, a me he mea he pane i loko o ka palapala o ka hōʻike o ka mea a kŰia, me ka hoohuoi ana i ka receptors. A, i kekahi o kēia mau waiwai receptors e loaa i ka hui 'ana me ke kiʻi, a me kekahi mau - ma ka makahiki. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka laʻana, ho'āʻoʻana i ka waiʻona ma ke ana ma ka 'ai, inu o kaʻai i loko o ka waha, a ma luna o ke alelo. Akā, hihiʻo apono 'oe e ike mea ma kahi loihi aku. Ka pokole o ka 'ike i loaa mai ma kekahi mau makaukau, a receptors - ka iniiaiieʻano papa hana o ke kanaka ike i ke ao nei. Kāna hana o ka pokole - he luna 'physiological a me ka manaʻoʻike pilikia.

Hoohalike nā loko, a receptors

Aʻo kekahi hoʻi i ka maikaʻi-ike mai ke kula eono makaukau no ke kanaka kino perceives hou stimuli. No laila, ma laila nō receptors i nā kuleana no ka pokole o ka wela - anu,ʻeha a me ka waiʻona ma o ke kino. No laila, 'epekema' Aʻole e ku mai eono a me 9 ano o ka waiʻona ma ke:

• hihiʻo;
• lohe;
• hoohalike o ke ala;
• ka hoohalike o ka nano;
• ekvibriotseptsiya - he ano o ke koena;
• hoao;
• nociception - ka pokole o ka eha;
• termotseptsiya - aloha o ka mehana;
• proprioception - māhele ano o ke kino.

Kaniak 'ike e pili ana i ke ao nei ma ka mea o ka likeʻole receptors, i ka lolo keʻano o ka hanaʻana ia mau mea i loko o ka pokole o aku o ka lanakila.

Pokole a me ka 'inikua me ka hana pono

Inā loaʻa nō kekahi 'aʻe' ana i ke kino o ke kanaka, ka mea i lilo he nui pilikia - pokole kāna hana. Psychiatry like me ka 'epekema a me ka hana o ka lapaau këia mau aʻe' ana, a ma kahi e hiki kōkua e paʻipaʻi ia. Psychiatrists no kenekulia këia na kāna hana o ka pokole, e kokua ole wale hoʻomanawanuiʻana iā lākou iho, akā, i na kanaka a puni ia, e noho ana me ka pilikia. Malfunction o kekahi a oi o ka makaukau - keia mea kāna hana hulina Ka Ikepili o ka puni honua mau ole. Ke kanaka nana i lilo i kona hihio, ia e akamai ana i ka nana a me ke kala o na mea i ike maopopo, a me ka hiki ke haawi aku i kekahi maoli kiʻi o ko ke ao nei a puni ia i ka kōkua o ka mea'ē aʻe makaukau hana. Ma psychiatry, kāna hana o ka pokole o ke kaʻina hana - ia mea he luna 'kāna hana, kena ae la,ʻaʻole no ka nui loa ma na pilikia i loko o ka mea loaʻa, e like me ka loli ma ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana o aaioee i ka' ike i loaa mai, a me ka hopena hope loa.

Pehea i ka pokole o kāna hana?

Psychiatry - he kūikawā poepoe o ka lapaau ana me kela ka noʻonoʻo 'kāna hana, a me ko lakou hoike ana. He He loa kekahi 'āpana o ke kanaka ike, a hoʻohana i ka manawa "maʻi", "ola", "kūmau" a me ka "pathology" i loko o ka mahalo o ka noʻonoʻo ke ano. Kekahi o na mau mea o ka hana o ka psychiatrist - pokole kāna hana. Psychiatry na pilikia E hoomanao i ka noʻonoʻo 'pathologies. Kāna hana o ka waiʻona ma a me ka pokole hoike aku kekahi mau Hawaii:

• Anesthesia akaka hikiʻole o ka pokole o tactile ka waiʻona ma ke o kaʻaiʻana a me ka honi. I kona hoike ana mea i 'ano like me ka' inikua anesthetic kapaʻia no ka'īkoi pā lonoaʻili o kaʻeha receptors i loko o nā mea maʻi i 'inikua uao ai'.
• Hypersensitivity - pā lonoaʻili kāna hana ku i ka nohoaliʻi mahuahua ala, malamalama, kani. Loa pinepine hypersensitivity hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o nā mea maʻi ma hope o traumatic lolo eha.
• Gipostezii - e hoole hypersensitivity pā lonoaʻili loli. Sensory pokole ho'ēmi i kā nā stimuli maoli. Gipostezii nā mea maʻi e ae mai depressive kāna hana, a ke ao nei manao hoopaa hoi, hoopaa.
• Paresthesia kāheaʻia i loko o ka waiʻona ma ke ana o ka ohane, kuni, tingling, "mākia a me nā paipu", ma muli o ka hihia hoʻi ke koko lako a me ka innervation. Pinepine, paresthesia ana i loko o cii Zakharyin-Guesde: pilikia o na nā loko hou me kaʻawaʻawa loa, ola ka waiʻona ma ke ma kekahi mau mea o ke kanaka kino ili honua.
• Senestopatii - kaʻawaʻawa loa ka waiʻona ma ke ana ana i loko o ke kino o ke kanaka, ka mea i hiki ole, e kakau i ka olelo, pinepine i ka hoʻomanawanui hoʻohana he mau wahi lilelile kiʻi i hōʻike no kēia mau manaʻo.

"He Kane Hewa '" aloha i kekahi manawa coincide me ka lapaʻau hoikeana o ka maʻi, aʻaʻole wale mai i ka psychiatric hana. A kuponoʻike, o ka maʻi a ana - o ke kumu o ka pono lapaau.

Ke kumu nui kāna hana o ka pokole

Psychiatry like me ka mahinaʻai o ka lapaʻau lapaau hoʻohana i ka makahiki hoʻomanaʻo,ʻike, a me ka lapaau Kāohiʻana. No kaʻike, ka mea, he mea pono e ike maopopo iho la i hoike ana mai o ka maʻi, kōkua i loko o kēia lapaʻau e ho'āʻo ai, 'inikua mōʻaukala, Keʻena ho'āʻo ma. Categorization apono ''ōlelo kūpaʻa, e pono ke ano i nā ikepili e hoopakele i kūponoʻike. E hoʻokohu 'ia kekahi ka noʻonoʻo' pilikia i loko o ka noʻonoʻo 'ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE waeʻano elua o kāna hana o ka pokole:

• illusion;
• hallucinations.

He mau manaÿo, ka hapanui kanaka paka lawa io manaʻo, akā, i ka hoʻomanawanui i ole mana hoʻomalu ma luna o lākou,ʻoiai i loko o na hihia a pau, i kēia mau kāna hana ana aie i ka olelo ma ka a ke kanaka, e kipaku aku ai iā ia iho, e like me lāʻau 'ino a kaʻapu kōheoheo. Kekahi mau 'ano o perceptual kāna hana i hana i ka pono ola kanaka ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka psychiatry.

Blueʻenuhe i Wonderland

"He aha eʻike, akā, ka mea,ʻaʻole ma ka mea" - oia hoi, he hallucination. Pilikia ma ka pokole o ka ike maopopo like ia mea, ma ka mea, hōʻike helehelena o ka feria kiʻi. Psychiatry, aʻo kāna hana o ka pokole, hallucinations Ho'ākāka 'me he kiʻi i hōʻike ma ka naau, a me ka hoakakaia like me ka maoli-ola, akā, me ka mawaho stimuli hana ma luna o ke kanaka receptors. Kēia mau kiʻi hou mai o ka wahi, no laila, e'ōlelo aku, no ka mea, no ka pokole o kāna hana. psychiatrists hallucinations e māheleʻia i loko o kekahi mauʻano likeʻole:

• Oiaio hallucinations - e vivid kiʻi no ka hoomanawanui me ka kekahi kinona, kala like 'ole, ala, kī ana i kekahi kani. Oiaio hallucinations i ike ia e hoʻomanawanui iki mai i kekahi kīnā o ka ike maopopo i kona makaukau ma, oia UOAN e manipulate ia lakou me he mea la i ka māʻaloʻaloʻike manaʻo a me nā mea like paha i kahi i loko o aku o ka lanakila. Eia hou kekahi, ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ka hoʻomanawanuiʻike piʻi oiaio hallucinations, a pau na kanaka a puniʻoe e lawe iā lākou i loko o ka like me ia i hana ai.
• Pseudohallucinations ike ma ka hoʻomanawanui i ka mea ku pono, akā, e oiaio no hoi, ka mea i nele i ka'ōlinolino, pinepine incorporeal, hiki ana paha mai ka hoʻomanawanui i ka ke kino a me na wahi i pili i kona receptors. Pinepine manaoia e e wahahee hallucinations nā mea maʻi limanui aku i loko iho i loko o kona kino ma ka mea o kūikawā manaʻo, machines ole no i ka ua i ka manaʻoʻike hopena.

Ma waho aʻeo ia mau mauʻano o nā hallucinations i kekahi māheleʻia ma luna o ka makaukau no, ka mea, i ke kauoha e:

• visceral;
• hoao;
• pilikia makapō;
• olfactory;
• lohe;
• tactile.

Kēlā me kēiaʻano o ka hallucination i kona mau 'epekema ka ho'ākāka' ana a me ka hiki ke decomposed i loko o kekahi mau subspecies, i mea nui no ka lapaʻau psychiatry.

Ma ke ala, hallucinations hiki e hooeueuia lakou, aʻonou. Kekahi o nā kiʻina hana hoʻohana Psychiatry Aschaffenburg symptom ka wā o ka hoʻomanawanui i mua hoolohe disconnected kelepona, pela o kéu kona mākaukau i auditory hallucinations. A i 'ole Reichardt symptom - he symptom o ka pepa hakahaka slate: ka hoʻomanawanui ua haawi mai maemae keʻokeʻo pepa o ka pepa, a e kaumaha ana i ka olelo e pili ana i mea ia depicts. Hallucinations paha e iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai, ala ma ke kāʻei kua o ka stimulation o kekahi receptors, a nalo hope ana o ka stimulus. Ma ke ala, i ke kiʻi o ka uliuli enuhe momoku kekahi Hookah i loko o ka Fish papale mai Lews Carroll kaao, "Alice ma Wonderland" ua manao ia e na mea he nui e like me ka Classic hallucination.

Oia ka nani illusion

Ma psychiatry, kū i kekahi ano o ka pokole kāna hana - illusions. Me kēia manaʻo kama'āina i nā mea a pau, o ka poe e ole e ae mai ka pokole kāna hana i loko o psychiatric hua'ōlelo. People pinepine hoʻohana i ka hopuna'ōlelo "nani illusion, he illusion weliweli." A aha ka ia? Ke scientific ka wehewehena o kekahi 'ano o ka pokole kāna hana kani e like me ka hewa, erroneous pokole o ka mea? Ueony i loko o aku o ka lanakila. Delusion - ia mea he illusion. No ka laʻana, ka mea illusion kānāwai me ka lawa stimulus - i loko o ka pouli, ka loa oluolu e lawe i ka outline o kekahi kanaka huahelu ma hope o ka laau ooi. No laila, i keʻano o nā illusions - keia mea e mau ai ka wahi o ka psychiatry. Ke ano hiʻona o ka illusion e:

• mea a kŰia undergoing sensory ei: huahelu, leo, tactile a me ka māhele aloha;
• ei, kuhi hewa a me ka loiloi 'ia' ana o kekahi maoli;
• illusion ua nānā 'ana i sensory pokole, i mea na kanaka receptors maoli e loli, akā, ka mea, ua ike okoa ma mua o ka mea nae mea;
• like me ka ano wahahee o maoli? ueony.

Kāna hana o ka pilikia makapō pokole - kekahi hapa o ka illusion o ola kanaka. No hoi, e like me ka hewa hiki e kino ai 'ole manaʻoʻike i ka ano. Ke physical ano o ka illusion e psychiatryʻo ia ke hoʻowahāwahā i ka hana, he okoa ka Kealialia liu i loko o ka wao nahele, aole nae i nui na mea, akā, ai pololei ke kālaikūlohea epekema rationale. Lapaʻau psychiatry E hoomanao i psychopathological illusion:

• affective i kupu mai ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o ka makau a me ko mākou hopohopo excitability o ka pōʻino e hiki mai;
• .. ia hoʻi, 'o ia hoʻi, ia hoʻi, illusions - hua'ōlelo a me nä hopuna ana mākou e lohe ai i ke kanaka;
• pareydolicheskie illusion - pilikia makapō illusions i ana e ku e ia i ke kāʻei kua o ka maoli kiʻi koho koke ihola nō nā kiʻi, no ka laʻana, unuhi aku la ia i ka Wallpaper hiki ia i ka weli illusion maʻiʻo o ke kiʻi; Ka hapa nui o kēia mau illusions i malama ma ka makakū kanaka, no ka laʻana, noiʻi loaʻa i ka Leonardo ka Vinci i ae mai pareidolia.

Ke kumu o illusions - perceptual abnormalities a me ka manaʻo e pili ana i ke ao nei. Lakou mea e mau loa ana me pathological. Pinepine ka mea, i kauoha ae la e ka ei o ka pokole aku i ke kāʻei kua o ka pololei ole ka auhau o ka hana ana o receptors.

Manao a me ka hoomanao ana me ka pokole kāna hana

Ai kā Homo sapiens mai a pau nā mea e ola ana? Ke hiki i ka manaʻo. Manao - walaʻauʻana cognitive kaʻina e hiehie ka Logical kiʻi o ko ke ao nei mai o ke kanaka a puni. Manaʻo ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ka pokole a me ka iaiyoe. A pau o ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana i emi iho i ke kanaka me ka naauao ia, ua hoʻololiʻia no nā tausani o ka makahiki, Hawaiʻi a ua lilo iho. A ina o ka hoʻomaka ka mea, ua pono ai wale nō e pili physical poe a pau e māʻona kā lākou physical pono ai (ka ai, nā'ōlelo a me ka hoʻoponopono '-ola), a laila, ma luna o ka manawa poʻe i aʻoʻia e kūkulu kūpili nā kaula - i ka manaʻo, e kiʻi i ka hopena i makemake mai o ka palapala noi a uuku physical hana a me kaʻino, e ola a me ke ola. E consolidate hoomaka ae la ke ano hualoaʻa e hoʻomōhala iaiyoe - pōkole-makahiki, lōʻihi-makahiki, e like me nā ka noʻonoʻo 'oihana poʻe kānaka pono'ī nona - i ka manaʻo, me ka hiki e ike i ka wā e hiki mai, ka hoʻoponopono-kaʻike. Symbiosis kāna hana o ka pokole a me ka manaʻo - psychosensory kāna hana. Ma psychiatry, e māheleʻia kēia mau kāna hana i loko o ka papa kuhikuhi ano mau:

• depersonalization e ikea pololei ole a me kou kino ka waiʻona ma ke, ka ai-kapaia psychic depersonalization, a me ka nānaina notions o kona mau "I" - ka psychic depersonalization;
• derealization hoike aku i loko o ka nānaina pokole o ko ke ao nei - wa, manawa, nui, shape o ka ike maopopo ike ma nā mea maʻi e e ino, a hiki nae ia i mea e pāpā ikaika ka oiaio o ka pololei inoa o kou hihio.

Manao - ka hiʻona o ke kanaka. Kupono manaʻo ua paku ole ia i refutation pokole kāna hana. Psychiatry like me ka mahinaʻai o ka lapaʻau lapaau UOAAaOON e imi aoao e hoʻopau oko kena ae la ma ka pokole kāna hana i loko o psychiatric nā mea maʻi. I kāna hana no ka pokole o ka hoʻomanawanui iki mai i ka hōʻike a me ka manaʻo kāna hana - delusions, obsessive paha overvalued manaʻo, a lilo i ka manaʻo o ke ola ana o ke kanaka.

Psychiatry - he luna 'epekema o kanaka noʻonoʻo maʻi, a nō ka wahi a me ka pokole kāna hana a me ka hoomanao ana, me ka manao a me ka' ē aʻe ka noʻonoʻo 'oihana. A, i kekahi ka noʻonoʻo 'pilikia pinepine ua hoʻopiliʻia e ka luna' ka noʻonoʻo 'oihana - mai ka hana o ka makaukau a hiki i ka wa pokole-makahiki paha lōʻihi-makahiki iaiyoe.

No ke aha la ua pilikia pokole o ka lanakila?

I kaʻalo a me ka pilikia o ka psychiatric ano o ka ninau nei: He aha nō nā kumu o kāna hana o ka pokole? Aia paha ia he okoa huahelu mai ka waiʻona a me ka lāʻau kaʻapu kōheoheo i ka pathological ano o ke kanaka psyche. Ka noʻonoʻo 'illnesses i diagnosed loa paʻakikī, pinepine aie i ka mea i kanaka hiki ole hōʻike pololei lākou mau naʻau, mau i nā hanana e hiki mai ai ia ia, a me ka wahi, a me ka loiloi mua kuʻina o ka maʻi i ole hiki i ka' ē aʻe. Perceptual kāna hana e hoʻomōhala i kaʻilihune o kekahi mai o na nā loko a nenoai, e like me ma muli o ka 'aʻe ana i ka loaa' ike aaioee, ke kālailai a me ka hana i ka pakahi result. Psychiatric hana maʻamau ma ka manawa hiki i kaʻoi loa kau i na kumu o kāna hana o ka pokole, me ka hou e intoxication ka wā o ka pathologyʻano papa hana pololei manaʻo make waiwai. Aʻe 'ana o ka pokole o ka ike maopopo hiki a me ke hoala mai i hoʻohuoiʻia i waena o na kanaka a puni o lakou, no ka mea, pinepine i ka hoʻomanawanuiʻana iā lākou iho nō i loko o wikiwiki e kamaʻilio i ka poe akamai i, ke kaʻawale mai kēia mau kāna hana i kekahi mea pathological. Manawa e hōʻike i ka pilikia a me ka pokole o ka ike maopopo ke kōkua i ka hoʻomanawanui, e pale aku pilikia nui. Ka nānaina aku o ka lanakila - he nui pilikia no nā ke ahonui, a no na kanaka a puni ona, a mentally, a kāohi.

Children ka manaʻo a me ka pokole kāna hana

'O nā keiki olakino a me nā'ikekino kekahi'ano lapa'au kūikawā. 'O nā keiki nā moemoeke nui a me nā mea hana ki'i, a'o ka pi'i'ana o ka hau'oli o ka'ōpiopio a me ke ola ma'amau e pale i ke keiki i ka hiki'ole ke ho'oponopono i nā mana'o'ole i ka manawa. 'O ia ke kumu o ka pilikia o nā keiki i ka'ike'ike'ole he wahi kūikawā o ka papahana, nā loina a me ke ake ake. 'O nā hi'ohi'ona'ike a me nā'ike loiloi kekahi o nā papa o ka'ōpiopio o kēlā me kēia kanaka. 'O ka mo'olelo weliweli i'ōlelo'ia no ka pō e lilo ai ke keiki i mea moeuhane maoli, e hūnā ana ma lalo o kahi hānai a i loko o ka lumi papa. 'O ka hapanui pinepine, nā pilikia i kēia ahiahi, ka luhi a me ka hiamoe o ke keiki. 'O nā mo'olelo weliweli a me nā mo'olelo, i ha'i'ia i ke keiki i ka pō, hiki ke lilo i kumu no ka ulu'ana i kahi moku neurotic. Ho'ohālikelike ka hanu'ana i nā keiki i ka manawa ma hope o nā ma'i o kahi ma'i pilikino a pilikino ma muli o ka pi'i'ana o ka mahanahana o ke kino. 'O nā makahiki o nā hana i'oi pinepine pinepine'ia e like me nā makahiki 5-7. Hallucinations o keia ano, ua haʻahaʻa - hunaahi, ka uwila o ka malamalama, outlines, a me nā kiʻi o kanaka, holoholona, a ua lohe kaʻuwāʻana i nā leo o nā keiki, banging, leo o ka manu, a me na holoholona. 'O kēia mau hihi'o a pau e'ike'ia e ke keiki e like me ka mo'olelo ha'i.

Hiki i nā keiki o nā'oko'a like'ole ke'eha i nā hō'ike schizophrenia. I kēia hihia, loa'a i nā loiloi a loa'a kahi'ano ma'alahi, pinepine i nā'ano ma'amau. He mea nui ke'ano o ka noho'ana, a he mea nui e pili ana i ke olakino a me ke ola o ka pēpē. No nā keiki o ka wā'u'uku, he 12-14 mau makahiki,'o ka ulu'ana o ka'ono a me ka ma'alahi o nā mea kanu, he mea kūpono ia, e ho'omaka ana ke keiki e ha'alele i kāna mea aloha i aloha mua'ia, ua loli kona'ano a me kona'ano.

Ma kekahi hui kūikawā, nā'ōpiopio a me ke keiki hānai keiki e ho'opuka i nā keiki me ka nele i ka'ike. I kēia mau kumu, e ulu ana ke keiki a a'o i ka uku no ka nele i kekahi mau mea e ka ho'onui'ana i ka ho'omohala'ana i nā mea'ike'ē a'e. 'O kahi hi'ohi'ona kūikawā -'o ke keiki me ka hala'ole o ka ho'olohe lohe'ole e'ike'ia i ka'ike maika'i, nānā i nā kiko'ī li'ili'i, e no'ono'o nui i nā mea kiko'ī o nā mea e pili ana.

'O ka'ike ke kumu o ka'ike o ka honua a puni i nā hō'ike a pau. No ka mana'o, hā'awi'ia ka mea i'eono haneli a'eiwa mau'ano like'ole o nā mea lohe. Akā me ka ho'ohui'ana i nā mana'o, pono e ho'ololi i ka'ike i nā ke'ena kūpono o ka lolo, ma laila e hana i ka hana o ka ho'oponopono a me ka ho'oponopono'ana, e kahaki'i i kahi hi'ona o ka'ike maoli ma muli o kahi pōpilikia o nā'ike a me ka'ike o ke ola. 'O ka hopena o ka'ike'ana he ki'i ia o nā mea e pili ana a puni. 'O ka hana'ino'ana ma kahi li'ili'i o ho'okahi pūnaewele i ka kaula o ka loa'a'ana o ke ki'i o ke ao nei e alaka'i aku ai i ka'ōwili o ka mea maoli. Ho'ona'auao kālai'ike e like me ke'ano o ka lā'au lapa'au e pili ana i nā kumu o ka nānā'ana, nā hanana o ka ulu'ana, nā hō'ailona a me nā hō'ailona, nā'ano o ka mālama'ana a me ka pale'ana i nā ma'i o ka'ike'ana i nā'ano like'ole, a me nā māhele o nā pilikia ma'amau me ke ola kanaka.