Ke kukuli hui: ligaments a me nā palapū pili me ia. Pehea e hana ligament o ke kuli

Olelo ana e pili ana i ke kuli, ka hapanui kanaka kuhi i ke kuli ami. He oiaio, ia mea he nui anatomical hapa, nae, kona functionality ole na nāʻiʻo a me tendons ole i ke Akua. I ka hele ana, holo ana, pāʻani haʻuki ma ka hoakaka māhele mooolelo no ka haawe nui i, i maoli i ka pilikia o ka pōʻino. E ka mai noonoo iho la ke ami hoi, ligament, muscular'ōnaehana a i kupu mai iloko o ka manawa o ka traumatic ololi pilikia.

'anatomia

I ka ho okumu ana o ke ami komo ai ekolu iwi: ka femur hapa, he hapa o ka patella a me ka tibial. Patella femoral-tibial hooku iho la ia a me ka femoral-suprapatellaris ami. Anatomical hiʻona he hoʻonui i ka i ka wā hoʻokahi reciprocal neʻeʻana o nā iwi i loko o kekahi mau Kekoa.

Menisci, cartilage hōʻike connective'aʻaʻa, i "spacers" ma waena o ka iwi poʻo. Lākou kuleana pili i mea e i cushioning, puʻe hoi o ka makana a me ka haawe ana ka wā e hoohauhee ana. Ma na aoao elua o ka meniscus pili me ka ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku ma ka coronary ligaments.

mau stabilizers nā ke kēia Muscle pūʻulu, ike ana i ua noʻonoʻo nui i kēia lākiō ma ka trauma:

1. Quadriceps Muscle ninoaaeyao i ke alo o ka uha. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka ikaika loa muscular mokuna anatomical 'ole o ka olelo mai wahi.
2. Sartorius o ka loihi. Ua i nā flexion a me ke ki kala a me ka pale, e hele a puni ke kuli ami.
3. Lahilahi Muscle hele ma hope me iki a hiki i kaʻaoʻao o ke ami, hiki i ke kēpau ke ki kala a me ka kukuli hoʻohei.
4. Adductor magnus Muscle mea ole i kekahi,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ka lawe ana mai o ka puhaka, akā, i kona palena manawa a me ka palena manawa o na pelvis ma ka pili ana i ka uha.
5. Ma hope o ka transverse iho (axis) kŰlń ao mau-alai ae 'ūhā Muscle, hiki anuenue mau pale,'ūhā unbend, i ka hele waho.
6. Ma hope, a ma loko o ka ami kŰlń ao podsuhozhilnaya Muscle extensor'ūhā flex tibia a me ka hoʻolako 'hoʻopoepoe kuapo lala.
7. Semimembranosus Muscle hanaʻia oihana ano like podsuhozhilnoy.
8. Triceps tibia flexes ka lalo wāwae ma ke kuli, a me ka wāwae i loko o ke kuʻekuʻe wāwae ami.
9. Pōkole, a i lalo'ūhā Muscle ua aia ma ka hope ili. I ka hana o ka flexion a me kuapo o ka tibia.

kukuli kuleana pili i

Ke ka hoʻokōʻana o ke kuli ami mea nui no ke kanaka kino. He hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka vertical a me ka frontal koʻi lipi. Ka Manaÿo Hou a me ka flexion ia lŘlŘ ma ka mua paepae komo huila, ka vertical - kuapo o ka lala.

olelo flexion o ka wāwae e leie aku i kekahi kanaka e hana i koe aku, hitting ka honua lala a me ka mālie waiho iho. I ole ia, i ke kanaka wawae makemake e kau ma verhneperednem ala e hiki aku ma ka hoala ana i ka uha.

ligaments

Ke kukuli mau ligaments a i na poe e elima nui pūʻulu ua noʻonoʻo hapa o ke kino o ka luna 'anatomical hale. Kona wale nô nā ke kēia pua.

• collateral (tibial, peroneal);
• cruciform (mua, hoʻi);
• transverse ligament o ke kuli;
• mahope (arcuate, popliteal, patellar ligament, ka medial a me ka kīloi paʻewa);
• coronary (meniscus-femoral, tibial-meniscus).

I ka trauma, pakahi aku la ia haʻuki nā palapū, i ka papa kuhikuhiE haawe ia lŘlŘ ma ke kuli cruciate ligaments. Manawa ke ola a me ka hoʻopulapula manawa i hilinaʻi ma luna o ke ano o ka ino a me kaʻino wale i aʻe, nō hoʻi i ke kino o ka mea nāna, me ka loihi mai ka 4 a hiki i 6 mahina.

Cruciate ligament a me ka functionality

Anterior ligament kŰlń ao mai ka hope maluna hapa o ka meniscus o ka femur ma ke kuli hui lua, ka hoʻopili i ka tibia, a ua komo i loko o ka articular conglomerate. Kona kuleana pili i ka mea e stabilize i ke kuli hui, ke kaupalenaʻana i ka neʻeʻana o ka tibia.

Ligament kŰlń ao hoʻi, mai ke alo mai o ka femur iwi protrusion a me ka aoao o na ami lua, ua hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka tibia ma ka hope. Ligament ua ālai 'ka tibia excessively' oni iki hoʻi.

Trauma cruciate ligament

Oia nā palapū i manaoia e ia i ka loa paʻakikī a me ka weliweli, e noi ana piha lapaau. A hewa a untimely hoʻomaka 'ana Inc hiki aku ai i ke kūpono' ana o ke lameness a me ka paakiki kaupalena hana. Loa pinepine, i kēia mau nā palapū ana i loko o ka 'oihana' âlapa ka wā eu? Iiai, skating, ua lele komo, hakoko, ala mai ka hopena ikaika a me ka hoʻokō 'ana i ka huli, i ka haule ana.

Ikaika hou ae la oiaʻeha, a he kaomi, he nihinihi kapu o ka hoʻoneʻe i hōʻike i ka haehaeia ligaments o ke kuli ami. Ka luahi hiki ole neʻe kū kaʻawale, e hilinai ana ma luna o kekahi.

posterior ligament eha ia lŘlŘ ka wā ikaika hyperextension kukuli 'ole ma o ka hopena ma luna o ka mua ili o ka tibia. Poino i ka anterior cruciate ligament o ka loa, he pono ole. Nā symptoms o keia ino e komo i loko o ka "triad Turner" a me ka rupture o ka meniscus a me ka pā ligament.

lapaʻau kiʻi

Ke kukuli hui, ligament a i hapa waimaka i hyperemic, edematous, eha i ka hoʻopā a me ka wā hoao ana. I ke koko articular lua (hemarthrosis) accumulates. Mai hookahuli ai i ka li nui o na ligaments o ke kuli hui, a i ka like? Aaieou me symptoms o ka hewa, i mai ai i kekahi mau lā aku nei.

Full cruciate ligament rupture kumu excessive ka hoʻoneʻe o ka tibia i loko o ka anterior-posterior pelane. Ka hōʻoia 'ana i kēia symptom e mau hoʻomalu' ana i mālama ka poʻe. Ka mua paʻa i ka hope o ka uha, a flexes ka anesthetized mau koʻo ikaika i ka iho ma ka huina akau. Ka lua o Kauka E kaha makau i ka neʻeʻana o ka lalo wāwae hoʻi a me ka mai. Tensile laceration 'ole i' ano like ka hoailona ka io.

Sprain komo ai he uuku waimaka a pau o na olona,, pu ma ka lōpū soreness, he hōʻemi iki edema, e kaawale aku o ke kahe ana ke koko. Ke kaupalenaʻana Hawaii hana ia lŘlŘ i ka uuku loa.

lapaʻau '

Hoʻoholo 'o ka ehaʻano papa hana e leie aku mākou, e hooholo i ka hiki poino i anatomical hale. Ma mua o ka hookolokolo ana o ka iki iho la ke kauka hoʻokolokolo ai i ke ola, e möakäka hou i nā hiʻona o ka 'ole. Auhau i ke ano o na hale a ka hoʻohana ultrasound a me MRI.

Palena pauʻike, hōʻalo ai i ka hakina iwi, patella, meniscus waimaka. I ka dislocation iwi offset me ka pili ana i kekahi i kekahi,ʻaʻole nō he manawa kūpono o ka Hawaii papa, aia no he pūnāwai ia'ku ka wā hoao OE E neʻe ana. No ka ligament poho ua i wehewehe aku ma ka piha nele i ka neʻe, ia mea i kaupalena 'no ka mea, o ka eha. Aia ka hoi ole pūnāwai e kū'ē'ē mai.

Fracture pu ma deformation, i keʻano o ka hoʻoneʻe'āno'ē a me ka crepitation. Eia naʻe, loaʻa nō fractures i e ole i ia mau hiʻona. Ma keia hihia, e hooiaio ai no kaʻike, koi X-Ray keia hookolokolo ana, ultrasound a MRI.

lapaʻau Nā Kūlana

I ka hapa 'ia' poino (tensile, waimaka) kōkua ua hoakaka ia i loko o ka pilikia lumi. Lala e mea i loko o ka kiʻekiʻe kulana, ka mua mau lā - moe koena. Ka mua ka lā ma hope o ka ino koi IeIIeYOA o anu ma ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi. Ke ami Ua hoʻopaʻaʻia e ka pilipaa laholio lole wili, hiki aua physiological kulana mau koʻo ikaika ana e neʻe. E haʻalele i ka lole wili i ka po hiki ole e ia he mea ole 'aʻe' o ka holo. Pain ana pono ai i ke ano o analgesics ( "Ketanov", "Ketalong", "nalbuphine").

Ke kukuli hui, ligament i kauoha ole wale makeʻe kulana Inc, akā,ʻoki kino, nele i ka lōʻihi hoʻopulapula au. Ma hope o nā mea a pau o ka ia hana like i loko o ka hapa 'ia' maoli o ka pōʻino, pili physiotherapy ana, a me lomilomi, physiotherapy, electrophoresis me ka ai '.

Muli o kona kulana pinepine, ua koi 'iaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau' uao ka wā ruptured cruciate ligament o ke kuli. Ke hana, e hoihoi hou anatomical pono o ke kanu'ōiwi nā mea e pono ai maʻamau functioning. ʻoki kino ua lawe mai eono mahina ma hope o ami poino.

Ka mea maikaʻi moho ua noʻonoʻo no kekahi keiki 'âlapa e nele hana jerky ka neʻe' ana o ka lala ma kona sport. Mua kanaka ka mea e ole i nui physical haʻawina, e oi pono no ka makeʻe kulana Inc, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o physical Inc.

Lula ea kukuli cruciate ligament pono ai ka hana o ka pakuiia auanei lakou ia, mai ka patella ligament ole hamstring tendon (autograft). Ua mea i hiki ke hoʻohana kemikala pakui, nae, i ke hoʻowahāwahā lākou hoʻohana ma o ka hoʻomanawanui ka kino.

Hoʻokomo 'ana i kemikala pakui o ka hoʻomaopopo like ke kaʻina hana no ka wā haehaeia kīloi paʻewa ligament o ke kuli. Iapaau ana me ka hana ana hana ua manaoia e ia i ke ano o ke koho ana i loko o ia o ka hihia.

ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau mea ua hoike ia wale stitching ka iki i hale a kokoke e hooponopono i ka functionality.

He aha hiki ia i ka complications o ka eha iho?

Pinepine complications o kukuli nā palapū i kēia:

1. Ka hooulu ana o ka arthritis hiki 2-3 pule ma hope o ami poino. O hoʻoʻino pane ia lŘlŘ ma muli o ke circulatory ka haunaele a me ka ingress o pathological microorganisms i loko o ka poino ciia. Ua wehewehe aku ma kaʻeha, me ka helehelena o ka puffiness, redness, i kaupalena 'ia ka hoʻoneʻe' ana i kaʻeha.
2. Keʻano o ka degenerative loli i loko o ka palapala o ka arthrosis ua pu ma ka ho okumu ana o osteophytes, cartilage thinning.

Outlook

Ma hope iho o ka eha loa o nā mōhai kahaha: "E uhai i ke kuli ligaments hoola nui?" A like pukana Ua kūkākūkā i loko o kēlā lapaʻau hihia pākahi. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ano o ka ino, a me nā' ano o ka meaola piha operability hiki mai hoʻi i loko o na malama eono, a malia o loko o kekahi mau mahina.

Nui poinoʻano papa hana iho, a pehea ka luahi la i anaʻe o ke kuli ligaments. Pehea ka eha hoi e lapaau, ua hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka miomio o ka hana maikaʻi hoʻomalu'ōlelo aʻo. I kakahiaka nui lapaʻau, e loaa ana ka mea e pono ai ka lapaʻauʻia a me ka adherence e oia i ka ho'ōla 'ana a me ka pale complications.

Kāohi

Ka papa inoa o ka kāohi ana hoʻohana i kń poino i na ami ua hoemi ia i ka penei hana:

• kūpono physical ha awina;
• li nui o na ligaments o ke kuli e noho malalo i ka 'eleu lapaʻau;
• he 'O ke kaulikeʻai;
• rejection o ka waiʻona a me ka paka;
• avoidance o hypothermia;
• hooponopono lala palena iki noho i loko o kūpaʻa kulana;
• i ka pono kīvila o ka lole kamaʻa, ka rejection o kiʻekiʻe kuʻekuʻe.

ke kuli eha hiki ke Hāʻule maila lākou, a pili ia i simpler ana ma mua o ka hoihoi hou ia ana o kona functionality ma muli o ka pōʻino.