Koko transfusion: na rula o ke kaʻina hana

Koko transfusion - he hana ano ma i ka hoololiia ana ua lawe mai ke koko a me kona huahana kekahi kanaka i kekahi. Hoʻohana 'ia no kēia mea hâʻawi wale koko. Oia i ke kaʻina hana no ke hoola i kekahi kanaka ke ola, ka wā malaila mea he nui kahe o ke koko, a me ke kino mea e hiki i ka e mai ia ia iho. I mau, loaʻa nō i ka helu o nāʻikepili, i ke alo o ka i häʻawi mai ai i ka transfusion: huʻi ke koko poho (trauma, oiai ana, e like me ka pono me cervical a me Tubala hāpai keiki), i ka ulu ana o ka maʻi anaemia, lōʻihi ka pinepine kahe ana ke koko, hoemiia ia'ku o ka meaola (i IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ia lŘlŘ mua a me ka ma hope oʻoki kino), hoohikilele Hawaii, chemotherapy a me ka pāhawewe Inc, e like me kāna hana kahe ana ke koko. Loa pinepine, i ke kaʻina hana i koi no hematological maʻi, septic maʻi a me ka loa toxicosis.

Eia naʻe, ke koko transfusions a mai i ka helu o nā contraindications: decompensated naau maʻi, ʻaʻa puʻuwai e hemahema, pneumonia, tuberculosis, myocardial infarction a me ke alo o ka loa ano o ka hypertension.

Ka mea e like me ke kaʻina hana hiki ia i ke kumu o ka mea hopena no ka meaola, a make. No laila, i ka lā, ua ulu kauka i ka pono nenoaiie o ka pūnaewele, malama ana a me ke koko transfusion lako a pan ia.

No laila, eʻoiaʻiʻo ua ho'āʻo i ke koko no ka HIV. Kaʻohiʻana a me ka hoopakele ana i ka loaa ia koko ua hana ma kūikawā wahi ia transfusion. Waho pūnaewele hana no hoi i ka wela o ka mai 5 a hiki i 7 degere ma luna o 'Aʻohe. Ma mua o ka transfusion o ke koko e lalana ana ia ia i ka mehana ea.

Koko transfusions paha e lawe mai 'ana (mai kona mau pou i ka haumāna haʻawina kālā) oleʻauhau'ēʻaʻe (ua ohi koko i loko o ka hue i loaʻa i ka preservative) e. Direct transfusion ua kākaʻikahi i hoʻohana. Nāʻikepili mea ilihune koko clotting, hooloihi ae i kahe ana ke koko ma nā mea maʻi pilikia mai hemophilia, a me ka traumatic kŰia imua o 3 degere, akā, ma ka hui pu ana, a me kahi o 25-45% koko me keia poho. Mau pou no kēia 'ano o ka transfusion e kekahi mea loiloi no ka mālama'-transfusion wahi. Aia ia i lawe mai i ka mea e pono ai ka noiʻi, a laila ae i ka hana.

He nui, e hoomanao i ka mea i ke koko transfusion i hiki wale i ka wa a ke koko kona mau pou, a me ka haumāna haʻawina kālā pono ia i ka ia no ka pae. Ma kaʻenaʻena na, 'ae' ia ka hoʻohana '0 (I) pae no ka kela mea keia mea e ae. Akā, hoʻomanawanui iki mai i ka hui mua 'ae' ana i hoʻolauna i ke koko wale kūpono, aʻaʻole i kekahi'ē aʻe.

No laila, i ke hoʻokaulike o ke koko pūʻulu ma ka transfusion - kekahi o na kumu olelo no keia ina hana. Mau moʻo o maʻamau serums 0 (I) e hoʻohana i ka hoao ia, A (II), (III), a pono e mālama B i ka wela o ka ole lalo o 5 a me ka ole oi aku 7 degere. Ma ka pā, a ua maheleia i eha loa, kekahi mau pipettes noi droplet o kēlā me kēia puke. A laila, e lawe i kekahiʻano o maloʻo hoaa, he umi kulu o ke koko, ka mea, e hoʻokomo ana i kēlā me kēia kulu ma ka una honua. I ole hanana e ole e ke Aloha o ka puke a me nā pūʻulu. Five minuke ma hope, i ka hopena hiki ano e ike:

1. Inā ekolu lāʻau lapaʻau i kaʻaʻahu kala like 'ole, i ke koko e pili ana i ka pae mua.
2. Ma ka hihia o ka hopena maikaʻi naoh lāʻau lapaʻau A (II) a me ka maikaʻi ma nā wā hui A (II).
3. Inā he ua he hopena maikaʻi pane wale mai B (III), mākou i ke kolu o ka pūʻulu.
4. Ma ka hihia ma ka naoh ua loli ana e ka lāʻau lapaʻau a pau o ka hoʻomanawanui pae ma lalo o study - ka ha.

Wale nō ma hope o 'ike i ka pae ana o ke koko transfusions. Hoʻokaulike - ka mea nui ololi no ka mea, me ka hōʻoia, paulele wale i nā'ōlelo o ka hoʻomanawanui a me kona poe hoahanau, ka poe e i paʻewa ike, kanaka i make, ināʻo ia ke launa i ka mea hewa pūʻulu.