Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration: 'ehaʻeha ka a me ka iapaau ana

Save eyesight i loko o ka wa elemakule loa paʻakikī. Pinepine i loko o ka kūpuna i ka hiki i ka ike i nā nalowale. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka nui, e hoike ia ma manawa, a pau kanaka nā loko hoʻomaka e "komo mai". Kekahi o ka mea mua hoʻohuli ai i nā maka'aʻaʻa. Ua Ua manaoio ia hihiʻo deteriorates mai 40-45 makahiki. Kēia hana a hiki i ka hihia ma ke kanaka i ole i mua o ka pilikia me ka hihiʻo no ke ola. Blurred hihiʻo ia lŘlŘ i nā. Ka hapa nui o na kanaka i pili e pili ana i "loa-sightedness", i ua, i ka hikiʻole i kaʻike mea i ka poe kokoke. I kekahi manawa, ka mea, hoʻomōhala pilikia hou hoʻoponopono. Mau nā maʻi e like me cataracts, glaucoma, a no laila, ma luna o. D. O kekahi, he pono ole ia maʻi ua manaoia e e mau loa-pili macular degeneration. A like maʻi ka mea, no ka mea, hiki ke alakai i ka poho o ka hihiʻo.

I ka manaʻo o ka makahiki-pili degeneration o ka retina

Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration (AMD) - he pathology e hoʻomōhala ana i aie i ka degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ka retina o ka maka. Keia wahi ua 'ana e pili ana i ka lolo (kaʻike ākea o ka mea kālailai). E ho ohana i retinal pokole ua loaʻa 'ike a me ka hoʻololi' ia i loko o pilikia makapō kiʻi. Ma kaʻike ākea ili o ka mea kālailai mai i ka ciia i maupaʻa i ka ai iiiaanoaa o receptors - mau laau la, a cone. Ua Ua kapaia ka macula (yellow kīnā). Receptors mea e mai i ka waenakonu o ka retina, i ke kala hihio i loko o kānaka. Eia hou kekahi, ia ia lŘlŘ i loko o ka macula pulakaumaka malamalama. Me keia hiʻona, he kanaka ka hihio mea okoa miomio a me ka mōakaaka. Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration o ka retina alakai i degeneration o ka macula'aʻaʻa. Ua undergoes loli ole wale i ka pigment, ahu iho, akā, i nā kīʻaha e hanai ana oia i kēia wahi. I loko nō o ka mea i kapaʻia ai ka maʻi "mau makahiki-e pili macular degeneration," ka mea hiki hoʻomōhala ole wale i loko o ka kūpuna. Pinepine i ka mua symptoms o pathological loli i loko o ka maka hoomaka ia e ikeia i loko o 55 makahiki. No ka poʻeʻelemākule, a senile mai progresses i ka wahi i kekahi ke loa lilo aku i ka hiki i ka ike.

Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration o ka retina pili i na maʻi puʻuwai. Pinepine keia pathology a nā kīnā o ke kino a me ke kīnā. Ua Ua hoʻomano māhele aku i loko o ka 'Amelika, Asia a meʻEulopa. Eia naʻe, i ka maʻi ua pinepine diagnosed ma ka hopena o kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Ma kēia hihia ia mea e pono ia e akoakoa ai i kaʻoki kino. Eia naʻe, me ka 'āwīwī pākōlea lapaʻau, e like me ka manaʻo o ke kāohi ana ia mea hiki ke pale akuʻoki kino a me ka pathology complications (makapo).

Nā kumu o ka makahiki-pili macular degeneration

Like a pau degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana, i ka maʻi, kūnihi e e lohi a me ka holumua kahawai. Nā kumu degenerative loli ma ka macula o ka retina i e okoa. Ke kumu nui o ia mea i ka involution o ka maka'aʻaʻa. Aka hoi, kekahi kanaka i degenerative loli ana aku hoʻomaka koke, oiai kekahi poe - lohi. No laila, ka mea, ua manaoio aku la ia mau makahiki-e pili macular degeneration ua ili (aaiaoe), a me ka mea prevalent i loko o kanaka o Europa kumu. No e wahi i nā kamepiula kumumea: uiki, hypertension, pinepine waiū a hiki i ka lā. Mai keia mākou ke kuhikuhi i na kumu o macular degeneration. Mau nā:

1. Vascular lesions. Kekahi o ka'Ākena Makaʻu o atherosclerosis ua noʻonoʻo uuku arteries. Kue o ka o oxygen haawi i na nā'aʻaʻa o ka maka o kekahi o na kumu nui maomeka o degeneration.
2. Overweight.
3. Ka nele o nā wikamina a me kekahi mau nā minelala hao. Mawaena o na waiwai e pono ai ke malama i retinal nā'aʻaʻa hiki ke hōʻike ': lutein a me ka zeaxanthin.
4. Ka nui helu o ka "noa radicals". Ka mea, hoomahuahua i ka pilikia o ka hui, degeneration i loko o kekahi mau manawa.
5. Lāhui helehelena. Ka maʻi Ua oi, he pono ole i kanaka me ka malamalama maka waihoʻoluʻu. Ka mea i Caucasians pigment nuʻa na i loko o ka retina, mea haʻahaʻa. No keia kumu, degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana hoʻomōhala wikiwiki, e like me na symptoms.
6. Kūponoʻai.
7. I ka pololei Map me aiiay eyewear.

Ke pathology ia lŘlŘ oi pinepine i loko o kanaka me ka hereditary kaumaha anamnesis (alo aku o ka maʻi, mai ko lākou mau mākua, nā kūpuna hoʻi). Ma ka hapanui o na hihia i ka maʻi ua diagnosed i loko o ka wahine heluna.

Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration: ka pathophysiology o ke kaʻina

Like a pau degenerative loli, i ka maʻi i ka huikauʻano papa hana o ka? Acaeoey. Eia hou, i ka pathogenesis o degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana nō ole i hoakaka makaikai. Ua ua ike ia ma lalo o ka aoao o adverse aʻe o macular'aʻaʻa undergoes irreversible poino. Loa pinepine ka pathology hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala i kanaka me ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko maʻi (atherosclerosis, mimikō) a me ka obesity. No hoi, maʻi ua aneane mau loaʻa i waena o ka oa heluna. Aie i ka blockage o ka vascular moe a me ka malnutrition maka'aʻaʻa ulu makahiki-pili macular degeneration. Ke pathogenesis o ka maʻi ua ma muli o ka 'aʻe' ana o ka redox kaulike. Ka papa kūlana i loko o kēia kaʻina ua pâʻani 'o ia ma ka noa radicals. Mau waiwai i hanaʻia i loko o ka macula no kekahi mau kumu. Mua, ma ka macular mau paku ole ia i o oxygen a me ka malamalama. Eia kekahi, ma keia wahi, he mea, he lālā o ka momoma nāʻakika, a kamaʻilioʻana i ka oxidize. Kekahi ololi ma ka pathogenesis o ka maʻi ua manaoia e ia i ke kumu o ka retina. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ua maka ua noʻonoʻo i kaʻike ākea wahī mea kālailai, a ua pololei i pili i ka lolo. Nolaila, ia mea pakahi aku la ia ikepili koʻikoʻi ia o ka "i oxygen pololi".

A pau kēia mau kumumea predispose i ka mea i ka'aʻaʻa o ka macula i nā'ōpuʻu hou. E like me ka hopena o radicals aeea membranes e luku. Ka retina i oi ikepili koʻikoʻi i ka malamalama. Ma lalo o ka aoao o ultraviolet, a he pāhawewe AMD ua ulu i wikiwiki. A pau kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana alakai ai i ka mea i ka epithelium o ka macula hoʻomaka e "lilo" pigment receptors undergoes atrophy. Inā manawa 'aʻole i pau i ka make ana o ka macula'aʻaʻa poe ia lŘlŘ. Ka hope mua o ka helehelena o ka scarring a me ka makapō? Acaeoey.

Makahiki-retinal degeneration

3 kaʻawale ano o macular degeneration. He Mea Maluna ua ma muli o ka loli morphological 'ia i loko o retinal'aʻaʻa. Oia kekahi mahele ua pono e hooholo na nā kaʻa mokulele o ka lapaau ana i ka maʻi.

Morphological ano o ka maʻi.

1. Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration - pulu palapala: wehewehe aku ma ke alo o ka exudate. Kēia AOAIAaOO ua kākaʻikahi i loaʻa i loko o 20% o ka hihia. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma ka hikiwawe loa e holumua ai papa. Inā he kanaka ka eyesight ua deteriorating hoʻomaka koke (i loko o kekahi mau lā), oe e manaʻo ai i ka maʻi, e like me kona mau makahiki-pili macular degeneration. Ka pulu palapala e hoʻomōhala ana i ka manawa neovaskulyazatsii, oa ka helehelena o ka helu nui o na moku hou i loko o ka retina. E noonoo pono i ka hewa i loko o aeea membranes, kā lākou permeability, piʻi pū. No, ka mea, ua ulu edema a me ka hemorrhage.
2. Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration - maloo palapala: wehewehe aku e kali pele. Ma kekahi ala, ua kapaʻia kēia 'ano o ka pathology atrophy. Maloo makahiki-e pili macular degeneration ia lŘlŘ i loko o 90% o nā mea maʻi. I ka nana aku la au i hāliu aku i drusen - malamalama atrophy lesions, e hemahema pigment, ahu iho, mā ma ka epithelium.
3. Me ka makaʻu no ke ano o macular degeneration. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ke kahua hope loa o AMD. Wehewehe aku epithelium poe a me ka ho okumu ana o connective'aʻaʻa (me ka makaʻu no). Ma keia hihia ua he piha lilo o ka hihiʻo.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, o ka palapala maloo o AMD komo ka pleural mana o ka maʻi. Keia ia lŘlŘ loa pinepine i loko o vascular lesions, a pakahi aku la ia - diabetic retinopathy. Ua loli ka hōʻike 'he mea hōʻemi i loko o ka kēla a me ka mea i hoailona no ka pilikia ana.

Symptoms o ka makahiki-pili macular degeneration

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka palapala o AMD, symptoms e hoʻomōhala lohi paha koke. Pinepine i ka lōʻihi manawa-e pili macular degeneration ua ole ana kona alo i manao ai no kekahi mau makahiki. I ka maloo palapala AMD, retinal drusen hōʻike 'ilikai - pauku atrophy. No ka mea, o keia hihiʻo i nā deteriorates. A hiki i ka nui loa poino pigment, ahu iho, no ka mea, o ka a i ka olinolino o ka'ōniʻoniʻo kekahi nalowale. Ke kākoʻo acuity hiki pela ke hoʻololi, akā, wale iki. Ke pulu ano o macular degeneration ua ulu hikiwawe loa. Ma wale i kekahi mau lā, hihio e deteriorate me ka nui loa, he makapo. Aie i ka nani a me ka hoomahuahua i kaʻili lahilahi permeability o hemorrhage hiki i hoʻomaka ai i nā kekahi 'ai i ka maka ke kapa ole. Symptoms malama ma AMD:

1. Hoʻololi i ka Akä naÿe a me ka olinolino o ke kiʻi.
2. Emi i ka pilikia makapō acuity.
3. Maaweloloa, ei o ka mea.
4. blurred kiʻi.
5. Keʻano o ka pilikia makapō kahua me keia poho.
6. Hikiʻole e heluhelu mamua ua hoʻokomoʻia makaaniani.

Me ka holo kūpono 'ana o ka maʻi symptoms o ka maʻi i hoi ma kahi ee no ka lōʻihi manawa. A laila, he mea he gradual mea hōʻemi o kikowaena hihiʻo. I ka wa e nana ana imua hapanui loa o ke kiʻi i ua ao la. Eia naʻe,ʻike ākea (ʻaoʻao) hihiʻo ua malamaia. Ua, ua mahuahua ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi.

Ma pulu palapala o AMD a me ka makapō me ka makaʻu no e hiki koke mai. Haʻalele maloo-type degeneration, ʻike ākea hihiʻo ua kākaʻikahi ka holomua 'ana, hoopaa mai la. Me ka 'eleu lapaʻau o AMD, makapo? Acaeoey hiki ke wawahiia.

ʻike, o ka makahiki-pili degeneration o ka retina

Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration hiki ke diagnosed ma ke kakahiaka nui kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Nolaila, kanaka e loaa ana mai ka vascular lesions, pono e hookolokolo ma kekahi ophthalmologist 1-2 manawa o ka makahiki. AMDʻike, ma muli o ka mōʻaukala a me ka hana ana manaʻo. Mua kanaka pinepine ohumu e pili ana i ke ano o ke "kahi" mua o nā maka, ua like no me ka noe. ʻike, "macular degeneration" ua pinepine waiho ma ka mea hōʻemi o na wahine, o ka oi aku ina i ka mōʻaukala o keʻano 2 mimikō, atherosclerosis. Ma waho aʻeo ia ka anamanaʻo, lawe mai i ka moʻo o ophthalmic examinations. Iwaena o lakou - i ke ana o ka pilikia makapō acuity, perimetry, stereoscopic biomicroscopy.

No ka Loiloi i ka moku'āina o na moku ua lawe mai fluorescein angiography fundus. Ma keia ao, he mea hiki, e huai ae i ka ciia o ka poe epithelium atrophy drusen, neovascularization. Naʻe, i kēia hana o ka vocal lapaʻau 'ua contraindications a me ka pilikia. No laila, ma mua oe hoʻoholo ma luna o ka hookolokolo ana, e kipa i ka ophthalmologist, a kiʻi i kona aʻo.

Pehea e hana i ka palapala maloo o macular degeneration?

Ma ka hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō o kaʻike, e ike koke olalo hana maikaʻiʻole o ka makahiki-pili macular degeneration. Ka maloo ano o ka maʻi i emiʻano pākīkē, no laila ia mea amenable i ka lāʻau Inc. Ia, aole ia e kōkua pakele o ka maʻi i loko o kona olelo e lilo, akā, e pau ana ( 'ūlōlohi mai ana) i ke kaʻina hana no kekahi mau mahina a me ka makahiki. Ke anu u mua mea e hahai mai i kaʻai i loko o AMD. Ua haawiia i ke atrophic keʻano o ka hanaʻana hoʻomōhala aie i ka nele o nā carotenoids a me occlusion o na moku koko o ka fundus, ke hoʻomanawanui e hoʻopau holoholona bipi kūpaluʻia. No ka mea Kāohiʻana o atherosclerotic lesions ma ka liʻiliʻi retinal arteries eʻai nui o nā hua, mea ulu, lau. Eia hou, i kēiaʻai, e kōkua compensate no ka deficiency o nā wikamina a me nā minelala hao.

E hana me ka noa radicals, ka mea, ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e pana aku au i emi manawa i loko o ka lā. Nō hoʻi, nā mea maʻi e hoopau antioxidants. Mau nā wikamina E a me C. I mea e hoʻoikaika 'i ke koko lako i ka fundus ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e hoʻohana antiplatelet konohiki, vasodilators.

Makahiki-e pili pū ana macular degeneration - pulu palapala: ka iapaau ana o ka maʻi

Wā ua lawe mai i ka wai palapala o macular degeneration ole wale 'inikua Inc, akā,ʻoki kino. No ka ai ', hoemi i ka pigment, ahu iho o ka retina nā "Lutein" lapaau, a "Zeaxanthin". Mau ai 'no a hiki i ka pae ana o antioxidants. Eia hou, ka mea, ua? Aeiiaiaoaony eʻaiʻai i loaʻa kiniki. Inā ka maʻi ua hoʻomohala like me ka hopena o diabetic retinopathy, e halihaliia oia iwaho ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o hypoglycemic Inc glycemic holoʻokoʻa.

ʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau o retinal degeneration

Kekahi ka lapaʻauʻia mea,ʻaʻole lawa, ina ua diagnosed ka hoʻomanawanui me ka "makahiki-pili macular degeneration." maʻi lapaʻau E e hui me kaʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau e hooponopono. No ka mea, pili ana i ka wai ano o AMD. Currently, aneane kela ophthalmic? Aaieou e paa ana ia kukuna lapaʻau o macular degeneration. Ua hiki e okoa. Ke koho ana o ka papa hana hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke kahua a me ka hoikeana o AMD pathology. Aia nō i ke kēia mau ano oʻoki lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻonaʻauao:

1. Kukuna photocoagulation o neovascular membranes.
2. "Vizudin" photodynamic Inc lāʻau.
3. Transpupillary kukuna termokorrektsiya.

Inā hiki, a ma laila nō i contraindications, hana pigment epithelium transplantation, vitrectomy (hemorrhage i loko o ka vitreous kino o ka maka).

Kāohiʻana o ka makahiki-pili degeneration o ka retina

Kāohi ana nā:ʻai, ke kaupaonaʻana me keia poho. Vascular lesions ua paipaiʻia e uwahi ana cessation. Kekahi pale kauoha Map no ka poʻe me malamalama maka waihoʻoluʻu. Ma waho aʻeo ia Kāohi pili ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana i nā wikamina a kumumea oihana mua o ka hooikaika ana.