Malaria - he ... malaria vectors. Symptoms,ʻike, a me ka lapaau Kāohiʻana o ka malaria

Malaria - he maʻi nui, i kekahi manawa ona. People iho mailoko o ka mea, e like me ka rula, ma laila nō loa symptoms, me ole, kuni, maʻi palū-me ka moku'āina. Maʻi malaria mea he nui likelihood o ka make. Eia naʻe, 'āwīwī a me ka pololei hana hiki ole ai ia. Malaria ua kena ae la ia e Plasmodium, ka meaola ola i loko o ka kekahi ʻano o ka mosquito mea i hanai i kanaka koko. Aia ma lalo, i kēia pukana e e kūkākūkā i hou au mamuli. No ka 'ike i ka lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi hiki ke loaʻa i loko o kēia puke.

moʻolelo

i ho'ākāka 'ia ma Symptoms o ka malaria i kahiko Chinese' inikua kākau. Kekahi mau ano maʻi symptoms, i hope i ka inoa o malaria loaʻa i loko o ka hana o ka imperial kauka Nei Jing "Canon o Medicine". Kēia maʻi Ua lohe nuiʻia i loko o Helene i kakahiaka me ka 4th kenekulia BC, oiai oia i ke kumu o ka mea kiʻekiʻe make kōmi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms i malama ia e Hippocrates, a kahiko poe akeakamai 'ē aʻe a me na kahuna lapaau. Susruta Hindu Kauka, thinker a me ka poʻe kākoʻo iā ia o Ayurveda, i loko o kona hoonoho aku kekahi i olelo ia e pili ana i na symptoms o ka malaria a kamailio e pili ana i kā lākou mau helehelena ma hope o kona nahu ia e kekahi nā mea kolo. Kekahi mau Roma moʻolelo pili me ka malaria Swamp.

Ninau naau i mau huli no ka aoao e hoola me ka dukima maʻi puʻuwai. I wale i nā kiʻina hana akoakoaia e malaria hana maikaʻiʻole i loko o ka wā kahiko: bloodletting, amputation o ka nahu lala, ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka opiuma dala ... o Laielohelohe i kilo i ua hoʻopili i ke alapine (frequency) o ka hanana o malarial na mai kuni me ka Astronomicalʻike manaʻo a me ka kulana o na hoku i loko o ka lani. He nui huli i kilokilo. Iao? Albertus Magnus, ka Dominican, aaeaaaaony e hana malaria ma ka ai ana buns uuku, i hoomakaukauia mai ka palaoa a me kanaka mimi o ka hoomanawanui, e like me ka mea inu inu i komo cognac, mailoko o ke koko a me ka kekahi pahūpahū.

Ke kahiko Greek kauka Galen, ka mea i hana ia ma Roma,? Aaeaaaaony i ka luaʻi i ia lŘlŘ ma ka malaria, o ka hoao ana o ke kino, e kipaku toxins mai a me ke kahe ana ke koko hōʻeleu i ho'ōla. Mau kumu i Kīwala'ō lapaau no he umikumamalima haneri makahiki. Olalo i na hihia o ka malaria i na hoopai ana i ka bloodletting a hoʻoikaika hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka'ōpū a me ka naʻau liʻiliʻi ma enemas a me ka luaʻi. Ua alakaʻi i disastrous hopena: make o anaemia, a dehydration na kanaka, e like me ka pono me, mai na Hekikai o ka malaria symptoms i hiki pōkole manawa.

Ma China ma ka 2nd kenekulia BC ma ka 'inikua hana i ho'ākāka' ia kanu Artemisia a me nā mea lāʻauʻawaʻawa, ua hoʻohana 'ia me ka laau no ka malaria. He hana hoihoi 'ia i loko o ka makahiki 1971, Chinese epekema kaʻawale mai ia, me kaʻeleu' Oponopono - artemisinin. Iloko o ke kaua ma Vietnam ua 'Imi hana ma luna o ke ao o Anati-malarial waiwai o ka mea ala awaawa. Extract o ka mea kanu hanai keʻena hoʻokolohua iole a me nāʻiole iho mailoko o ia me ke kanana nei o ka malaria. Artemisinin ua loa ai ka hoʻokō, like hoʻi me quinine a me ka chloroquine. ʻO nā mea loaʻa o keia waiwai i keia la, he mau hapa o ka mea ikaika a me ka pono ka Anati-malarial ai '.

Kind o Plasmodium mea e hookomo ana malaria ulu, i mua loaa e ka Palani kauka a me nä känaka 'epekema Laveranom i loko o ka hopena o 19th kenekulia. Lūkini noiʻi i i ka, alahula na makana no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka mai a me ka ulu ana o ki ina hana like, e koho ia. I waena o kēia mau haumana ia mea ke kumukuai 'ana i kumumanaʻo EI Martsinovsky, HI Danilevsky, SP Botkin. I ka First a me elua World Wars o poha o ka malaria i ua kaulana.

O ka na? Ueo elua o makou haneri o parasitic protozoa Plazmodium malaria ano ke kumu ma ka liʻiliʻi umi. Iwaena o lakou P. ovalecurtisi, P. wallikeri, P. vivax, P. malariae, P. knowlesi. I ka loa a me ka paʻakikī pilikia ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka malaria make, kena ae la ia e microorganisms P. knowlesi a me P. falciparumand. Maʻiʻaʻai e alakai ana i ke kūpono 'ana o ka maʻi ua ho'īli wale nō ma ka makika Anopheles genus. Maʻiʻaʻai me ka malaria lilo hou ia paha iloko oʻeleu ka hele ana a puni ke ao nei, o ka oi aku ma keʻena endemic mau mea o ka Honua, e like me ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ke kanaka me ka holoholona hihiu.

kūʻiʻo

Malaria - he maʻi, kena ae la ia e parasitic protozoa Plasmodium e iho mailoko o ka awelika o ka 200 miliona no ka makahiki ma ka poepoe honua. E like me ka hopena, no keia mea, he mea 500.000 make. Ke malaria parasite i ke kino Anopheles mosquitoʻaki. He aha ka hana e hiki mai ana? Malaria parasite hele luna ' ola kalapona ma o ka mosquito ka kino, a laila, - i loko o ke kino o ka iho mailoko o. Ka pōʻaiapuni 'oe a ka wā i mosquito nahu i ke kanaka i ua mua iho mailoko o, a he mea i loko o kona koko parasite mea e hookomo ana i ka maʻi "malaria". Photos o ka pathogen ua hōʻike ma lalo nei.

Nā wahi a me ka mea kiekie loa ka make ana, mai keia maʻi i Africa, Asia, Central a me Amerika Hema. Malaria - he maʻi ia e loli ai i ka nui loa helu o ka poʻe 'ana i kēia mau mau mea. Ma iiaciiie-Saharan Africa i ka hapanui o nā hihia (86%) - na keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki o 5 makahiki. About 40% o ko ke ao nei ka heluna mea ma pilikia o ka aoao hana pae. Ke incubation au mea mai kekahi i ekolu pule. Kekahi kanaka ke lilo nā moku halihali mokulele o ka ai-kapa moe ko parasites. Ma keia hihia, ke ho'ā hope o ka maʻiʻaʻai ke'ākoʻakoʻa ma hope o kekahi mau mahina a hiki makahiki ma hope o ka malaria plasmodium komo i loko o ke kino.

hoike

Malaria - he maʻi kona symptoms nā ole, ke kuni, a me ka headaches Muscle eha. Kekahi nā mea maʻi i nausea, ka luaʻi, cough a me ka diarrhea. Kūlana wela ana kēlā mea kēia mea,ʻelua aʻekolu lā - keia mea i ka loa typical hoike ana o ka malaria. Tremors e manao ana ke anu a me ka UAIAaIN ma ka ai-kapaia wela ke kahua i ua wehewehe aku ma kiʻekiʻe wela, cramps, headache, a me ka luaʻi.

Complications pinepine mau'ōuli o ka maʻi i na ano like Tropical malaria. Manawa i ka make ana o ka ulaula koko keena, a ake aeee i e ka ili a me ka jaundice 'oiaʻiʻo ma loko o nā maka, e like me ka pono me diarrhea a me ka cough. I hou pohihihi keia hihia, he poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole akaka ma luna o ke kino i loko o ka palapala o itchy, ulaula iki papules. Ma kumu manao ma ka malaria. Photo luna hōʻike i ka lawe o ka maʻi.

Loa ano, no ka laʻana, ina he malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum, e hele pu me ia e pilikia e like me:

• kahe ana ke koko;
• hepatic a me kaʻaʻa puʻuwai 'ole;
• kŰia a me ka coma;
• poino i ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu.

Me ka 'eleu lapaʻau, i kēia mau symptoms pinepine alakai i ka make.

Pehea 'aʻole ia e halii mai i?

Pela, ke noonoo i ka oi au mamuli pehea ka malaria parasite komo i ke kino a me ka hoʻomōhala i ka ia. Ke ola kalapona o ka malaria parasite Plasmodium mea eiiieaen, ka meaola i mau mea nona - ke kanaka, a me nā anopheles mosquito. Like i haiia ae maluna, i ka maʻi ua pū i hiki ma ka nahu o ka insect, kahi o ka parasite ua iiaeaaony 'ana i ke koko.

Sporozoites (ʻiliahi Plasmodium) holo ma ke koko, a komo i ka kanaka akepaʻa. Aia ka mea, oʻo, a mailoko o ulaula koko keena - ula koko keena, i loko o ka mea e hoʻomōhala like loa me ka hoʻomanawanui, aole ia e nahu mai hoʻi malaria vectors - makika. Once i loko o ke kino o ka insect, komo iloko plasmodium i loko o kona salivary glands, a me ka huli hou 'oe i nahu mai i loko o ka sporozoite hou hoʻomaka lākou ola kalapona i loko o kanaka koko.

Development keʻano o ka hanaʻana o nā? Ueo e like me P. ovale a me P. vivax, e e oi eiiieaena, a komo i loko o ke kahua o AEeOEXAaI ano - hypnozoites, a pinepine noho AEeOEXAaI no kekahi mau pule, a hiki makahiki. Ma ke kino, ke malaria mosquito Plasmodium undergo ke keka oiai ko lakou wa e ola ana, a ma ka mea kanaka kino pathogen mea i loko o ka asexual pae, i kapa schizogony. No laila, ua kapaʻia ka hooulu ana kalapona o Plasmodium i kaʻulaʻula koko keena erythrocyte schizogony.

E like me ka maʻiʻaʻai hohola iho la? Kona kumu i ka wahine Anopheles mosquito, a me ka iho mailoko o kanaka (nā nā mea maʻi, a me ka Media). Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana malaria - he maʻi i ua ole pū i hiki i waena o kānaka a wahi lulu ole ma airborne droplets. Mea hoʻohaumia hiki ana wale i ka wa a ke hoʻomanawanui i ka koko komo i ke kino o ke ola i ke kanaka.

lapaʻau 'Hiʻona

I ka wa a ka luna symptoms, o ka oi aku ka wā holo, ka mea, ua waiho ia e ikea ai ke alo o ka malaria parasite. Hoike ana mai o ka maʻi he nui e hoohalike ai symptoms o ka malaria. Kēia, no ka laʻana, lenalena kuni, typhoid, maʻi palū, cholera,ʻo Waimānalo a me tuberculosis. No laila, ke kahuna lapaau pono i ka mōʻaukala o nā kipa 'he maʻi kanaka, e hoonoho i ka mea e ho'āʻo ai.

ʻike, a malaria ma ka wahi mua komo ai hoʻokō i panina, a ka hapanui pinepine hoʻohana ho'āʻo - o ke ao o ke koko ma luna o haukaʻe i ke aniani kiʻiaka, a hoʻohana 'ia nā pōpō he anakahi hoike ana i ke alo o parasites loko oʻulaʻula koko keena. I loko nō o ka mea i kēia hōʻike mea puni lawa, ka pono o nā hualoaʻa hilinaʻi nui pili kēia ma luna o ka oaoieei-akamai o ka technician nana prepares a huli aku i ke koko ma lalo o nā huahana o ka microscope.

Other ho'āʻo ma i ke kokua i kaʻike, o ka maʻi.

• immunoassays;
• polymerase kaula naoh.

lapaʻau

Hiʻona o ka lapaʻau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kekahi mau aʻe:

• Plasmodium nānaina, ia i loko o ke kino;
• ka lapaʻau kahua o ke ahonui, no ka mea hoike, i ka iapaau ana e e okoa no ka makua, ke keiki a me ka hapai wahine, no ka mālamalama, a kaumaha ano o ke ano;
• lāʻau pā lonoaʻili o ka pathogen.

Ka hope ololi hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka Geographic kahi ma i ka maʻiʻaʻai i, ua loaa. Ka nui, e hoike i ka likeʻole loa o ke ao nei i nāʻano o ka malaria parasites mea e hoʻopale ai i kekahi mau ai '. Dala mai malaria hiki e like pololei 'ia o kauka i mea kama'āina i ka' ike o nā Hola Pūnaewele no ka iapaau ana o malaria a puni ka honua. People iho mailoko me ka manao o ka pathogen P. falciparum, e make me ka wanaʻao lapaʻau, no laila, pākōlea ana pono e lawe koke.

Mehana ano o ka malaria e kamailio ana me ka ku una ha lapaʻauʻia. Complex symptoms e like me loa anaemia, hoʻopōʻino ike paka, coma, pulmonary edema,ʻaʻa puʻuwai e hemahema, huʻi naehana pilikia maʻi pale, hoʻolaha intravascular coagulation, noho'na makaainana i ulu kahe ana ke koko, acidosis, i ke alo o ka hemoglobin ma ka mimi, jaundice a me generalized kāʻili 'ana, noi aku intravenous hooponopono o ka ai'.

Pehea e pakele o ka malaria me ke kōkua o nā ai '? mau lapaau ana i ka maʻi lapaʻauʻia i ole holomua. O ia hoʻi, "aeuneii?" Ka mana ma luna o parasites o nā mea a pau hoʻopale ai i kona hana 'ona parasite ke kanana nei, e laʻa me, Plasmodium ovale koe. na kēia mau koho no ka lāʻau lapaʻau hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia ka hakakā hoʻopale i ka chloroquine malaria? ueo:

• Quinine sulufahate ma ka hui pu ana, me ka antibiotics "Doxycycline" a me "Tetracycline".
• Ai ' "Clindamycin" a me "Maralon".

Lapaʻau o ka malaria i loko o ka hapanui o na hihia me ka nānā 'ana ma stereotyped lawe i ka kekahi māhele'āina. No ka laʻana, ka agena P. falciparum, loaa ia lakou ma ka Middle Hikina, ka 'ikepili i ka chloroquine, akā, inā i ka maʻiʻaʻai o ka ua laha' o ka malaria ana ma Aferika, o ka waiwai hiki ole lawe maikaʻi i nā hualoaʻa ma ka iapaau ana.

Hoikehonuaʻepekema Ua ulu i ka regimen ma muli o ka hui malu pu ana o ka ai 'me na nā mea loaʻa o ka hana antimalarial i huiʻia - artemisinin. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike o ka ai 'hui:

• "Artesunate-Amodiaquine."
• "Artesunate-Mefloquine."
• "Digidroartemizin-Piperahin".

? Ac? O houʻano o ka malaria lapaʻau ua lawe mai noke, a ua pili me ka hoomahuahua i loko o ka helu o ka lāʻau-hoʻopale ke kanana nei o Plasmodium. Kekahi o ka mea i olelo mua iaʻi i huiʻia i loko o ka hanaia ana o ka hoʻokō ai 'ku e malaria ka spiroindolon, a hoao iho la e e mana e ku e ia P. falciparum ioeo o ka pathogen i loko o ka helu o ia mea.

Uluwehi O "Primaquine" hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hana ano o ka malaria, a pathogens he lōʻihi manawa i loko o ka AEeOEXAaI moku'āina ma ke akepaʻa. Kēia ke pale aku i ka recurrence o loa maʻi. Hapai na wahine e ole lawe "Primaquine." Kēia lāʻau ua contraindicated, a me kanaka e hana eha iaʻi mai deficiency o ka monakō koko-6-posapahate dehydrogenase. No keia mea, o ka mea paahana ua i häʻawi mai ai iä like loa me ka PalekanaEND_LINK loiloi ho'āʻo 'Aʻole e noho aliʻi ana i ke ola ana o keia pilikia. Ma kekahi'āina, i hou i ka moʻolelo a me ka injectable ano o ka laau hoʻohana a me suppositories.

Maʻi iloko o ka hanau keiki ana

Malaria - he nui hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka hapai wahine, a me ka fetus. Maʻiʻaʻai me ka nui loa maoli ka pilikia o premature hanau a me ka stillbirth. 'Ikepili helu hōʻike i ka iiaciiie make mai malaria kēlā me kēia makahiki-Saharan Africa a me 30% o nā keiki. No laila, a pau hapai wahine e noho ana ma ka noho weliweli wahi paha e hoʻolala i ka hele ana ma laila, e maopopo leʻa nīnau aku i ke kauka, a lawe lākou i hoakakaia lapaʻauʻia, e like me "sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine." Ka mea, he mea e pono malaria prophylaxis ua ālai 'maʻiʻaʻai.

Lapaau ana i ka maʻi i loko o wāhine, ka poe e hapai, ma muli o ka mea maʻamau noaia kūkā mai ma luna. Eia naʻe, ai 'e like me "Primaquine", "Tetracycline", "Doxycycline" a me ka "halofantrine" ka mea, e waiho no i ke Loaʻaʻia pilikia a hiki i ka fetus.

I ka maʻi i loko o na keiki

Malaria Kāohi mea muli o na mea a pau nā keiki, me nā keiki, e noho ana a me kekahi manawa i ka mau o ka laha ana o ka maʻi. ʻO kēia mau mea paahana, a ke hana e like me ka "Chloroquine" kāohi a me ka "Mefloquine."

He nui e hoʻohana i ka pololei laʻau heluna no kāu keiki, i hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kona mau makahiki a me ke kaumaha. All mākua ma mua holo i ka bebe ma na aina e pili ana i ke kamepiula pae, e nīnau aku i ka hoʻomalu ma pediatric infectious ka maʻi ma luna o ka lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi ma lalo o noonoo. Mai ka overdose o antimalarial lāʻau hiki e ona, e waiho waho a pau lapaau mai mai o ka loaa ole ana o na keiki, no ka laʻana, i paa i paʻa ipu.

Kāohiʻana o ka maʻiʻaʻai

Inā kekahi kanaka ke aliiwahine e hele i wahi kahi malaria mea ole, ma luna o nā mea a pau, i aku la ia, e loaʻa mai ka 'o ia hoʻi, a ma ka mea dosages e e ia i ka pale maʻiʻaʻai. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e hoʻomaka lawe mau ai 'elua pule ma mua o ka i manaoia hele, oiai e noho ana ma ka aina no ka mahina ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana mai o ka huakaʻi. Currently,ʻaʻohe laʻau koʻokoʻo ua hana mai malaria, akā, mālama nui noiʻi, ka laʻau koʻokoʻo mea nō ma lalo o? Acaeoey.

Inā hiki, pakele kipa aina me kiʻekiʻe kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai i ole ia malaria prophylaxis ua koi 'ia - ia ke hoola i kou ola kino a me ka hoola ola. Inā 'oe - i ka hele, mau ho'āʻo i e ike ana o na wahi kahi i noho outbreaks o ka maʻi i keia manawa. Malaria vectors ke pae ma luna o kanaka ili i kekahi manawa o ka lā, akā, loaʻaki hoike no ka po. Nā mea kolo no hoi eʻeleu loa i ka wanaʻao, a molehulehu. Pakele i ke ao o waho ma kēia mau hola. Kāohiʻana o ka maʻiʻaʻai ka mea nui, haawi i ka mea i ka laʻau koʻokoʻo ma luna o malaria i ole, ua hana.

Hō'a'ahu i nā'a'ahu kūpono - e'a'ahu i nā pāpale, nā mīkini lima lō'ihi, nā kāma'a ki'eki'e ma kahi o nā kāma'a wāwae, a me nā pāpale. Nā lole komo i nā kapa. E ho'ohana i nā mea hana lā'au pokepili insecticidal, no ka la'ana, hiki iā'oe ke'ōlelo i ka huahana "Permetrin", ka mea e hana i nā lole a me nā mea hana. E ho'omana'o i nā hua maika'i a hiki i ka hapalima o ka diethyltoluamide. Mālama pono nā'upena nūnū ke'ole kahi o ka lumi, no ka mea,'a'ohe air air conditioning. Hana iā lākou me nā mea'aila arosol. Ho'oiho'ia nō ho'i e ho'ohana i nā'ehu nūnē.

'Api

I kēia manawa,'a'ohe ma'i olakino hiki'ole. Eia na'e, i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua loa'a i nā mea noi'i nā hopena kūpono me nā hō'ailona ho'okolohua. 'O nā loiloi hou loa o nā ho'okolohua i pili i nā keiki mai nā'āina'ewalu o'Apelika, i kāko'o'ia e ka Bill Gates Foundation, ua hō'ike i ka maika'i o ka lā'au lapa'au i ka hapalua o nā hihia. Ua holomua ka nui o nā ho'ona'auao'ē a'e a wānana i ka palekana kūpono no ka ma'i i ha'i'ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana. 'Ōlelo nā kānaka'elepa e hiki i ka lā'au lapa'au no ka ma'i malaria i loko o 3-10 mau makahiki. Ke ho'okumu'ia ka hana i ka ho'opau'ana i ka pō'aiapuni o ke ola o ka para'a me kahi ho'omākaukau kinipona e ho'opi'i ai i nā mea'ae'a e kū'ē iā ia.

Nā'ano o ka ma'i

Ma luna a'e nei, ua kapa'ia nā'ano kumu o nā mea hō'ailona o ka ma'i. Hiki a me ke'ano o ka ma'i. E kapa mākou i nā'ano kumu o ka malaria:

• Pā'ani;
• 'ekolu lā;
• 'Ehā lā;
• 'O Malaria-ovale.

'O ka malaria'ehā mau lā i loko o'eono a he'umi mau hora o ke kuni, kahi e ho'omaka ai i ke kakahiaka a i ka ahiahi paha. Hiki'ole nā hopena pa'akikī, hiki ke pi'i i ka 5 mau mahina. 'O ke'ano o ka ma'i malaria he nui ke'ano o nā palapa i loko o ke koko,'o ka wela ke kānalua, he pinepine nā hō'ailona e like me ka pahū'ana, ka lua'i'ana, ka pō'ino o ka pokapū pūpū, hō'ole kīkini. Ho'onui pinepine'ia nā pilikia. Hō'ike'ia ka malaria'ekolu lā e ka fiva i'ōlelo'ia, e like me nā'ōpū, ka pi'i'ana a me ka wela, akā,'o ke'ano hou me nā manawa o ke kala'ana.

Nā ho'oponopono Folk

'O nā lā'au ke kumu o ka mālama'ana i ka ma'i ma'i. Akā'o ka nui o nā kumu e pili ana i ka pōmaika'i o kekahi mau hō'ailona maoli i ka mālama'ana i ka ma'i i loa'a i ka plasmodia. Maanei, ke ho'olaha wale nei mākou i kekahi o lākou, a'a'ole loa e hiki ke'ike'ia kēia mau mea a me nā'ōlelo ho'oka'ina ma ke'ano he kumu nui o ka mālama'ana.

Lime a me ka lemona he mea kūpono ia no ka wela'ehā lā. Ho'ohehe'e'ia'ekolu pahumu o ka pa'akai i 60 ml o ka wai a ho'ohui'ia ka wai o kahi lemon a me ka lime. Pono e inu kēia pūpū ma mua o ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kuni.

Ho'opili'ia'o Alum i mea kōkua ma ka mālama'ana i ka ma'i malaria. Ho'omohu'ia lākou i loko o ka pā wela a me ka lepo i lepo. I loko e lawe i kahi teaspoon o ke kālā i'ehā mau hola ma mua o ka ma'i kuni'ia a me ka hapa hapalua he'elua mau hora ma hope o ia.