Mucolytics: he papa inoa o nā huahana no nā keiki a me nā mākua

Ma ARI, ua i pinepineʻalo me kaʻawaʻawa loa kŰia, e like me ka puʻu. He mea no ka maluhiluhi a me ka lolouila, paʻakikī i ka hanu a me ka ho'ēmi i kā ka pono o ke ola. No ka mea kahuna lapaau, ia mea nui e hooholo aku ai i 'ano o ka cough i loko o nā mea maʻi: maloo a me ka pulu. Keʻano mua ua manaoia e e loan-hoʻomāhuahua ai, a ua wehewehe aku ma ka pilikia ma ka expectoration. Cough ua kapaia hoʻomāhuahua ai, a hoʻopōkole 'oe i ka hoʻomanawanuiʻana ke ola. Loaa i ka hoʻomanawanui 'ano maloo cough, kauka pinepine i koi' ia ai 'i razzhizhzhayut h ÷ mucous secretion, a ua hanaʻia i loko o ka naehana'āpana. Aie i ka pa apŘ kiʻekiʻe o keia mucus ka hoʻomanawanui i pilikia me ka sputum paha expectoration.

He aha e na mucolytics?

I mea e kōkua i ka hoʻomanawanui me ka cough maloo, i ke kauka e IeAUPIIe, IAa IO hoakaka ia mucolytics. Papa Inoa o nā huahana komo i loko o kēia pūʻulu mea he nui. Ma ke ala o ka ole ma ka kanaka kino mau ai 'hiki ke maheleia i ekolu pūʻulu.

• Mucoregulatory waiwai. Ka mea, i ka hopena ma luna o ke dala hookuu mucous secretion. Kēia hui nā corticosteroids, a me M-holinoblokatory karbotsistein.
• Mukokinetiki - e ai 'i hoʻoikaika i ka expectoration o mucus. O nā ambroxol, bromhexine, a pela aku.
• 'Ana mucolytics. Mau waiwai he hoʻonui i ka liquefaction o mucin ma ka hoemi kona (viscosity). Ma mucolytics nā proteolytic nā'ūhū, acetylcysteine, a pela aku.

Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'maomeka liquefaction o sputum

Inā keʻano papa hana ma i hiki e luku i ka lātoma oʻakika mucopolysaccharides mucus secretions o ke kanaka me ke kōkua o nā ai 'mākou noonoo, i ke kumu nui o? Ooia elua hiki e kilakila - mea he'ūhū iaoia a me ka ole-enzymatic ala. Ma ka hihia mua, na nā'ūhū hoohiolo no ia i nā polokina kamaʻilio, a ma ka 'ē aʻe - disulfide linkages ma na nā lātoma o sputum.

Mea Maluna o ka papa kuhikuhi hana ke keʻena

A pau o kēia mau ai 'i hui e like me ka' āina Mea Maluna o ka laau lapaau ATC ma lalo o ke karaima a me ATS R05CB «Mucolytics". Papa Inoa o ka nui hana nā mea hoʻohui pū i nā hana i ho'ākāka 'alphanumeric inoa:

• R05CB01 - acetylcysteine.
• R05CB02 - bromhexine.
• R05CB03 - karbotsistein.
• R05CB06 - ambroxol.
• R05CB10 - ai 'ana me ka hui hoʻomanaʻo.
• R05CB13 - Dornase alfa (DNase).

I ka mea ai ', mucolytics hāʻawi aku i ka kekahi hoomanawanui, Wehewehe i nā hāʻina wale kauka. Kēia manawaʻo ia i hana ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo pono ninaninau wale, a ua alakaʻi ma ka hopena o ka lakou mau kālailai. E ka lawe i ka pilina nana i ana i kēlā me kēiaʻeleu waiwai i komo pharmacists ma R05CB pae.

Mucolytics me ka acetylcysteine

Acetylcysteine ka pono kōkua lahilahi ka mucus, a no ia mea, i komo i loko o ka pae ana o mucolytics. Papa Inoa o ka ai 'me kaʻeleu waiwai kikowaena ma kahi o elua kakiniʻano o ka laau' ano apau loa. Acetylcysteine ua wehewehe aku ma ka kēia 'maomeka o ka hana:

• Ua i loko o kona lātoma i kū'ē sulfhydryl hui kumu, a hana ma ka luku mucopolysaccharides disulfide i huiʻia, no ka i wehewehe aku e mahuahua mucus (viscosity). E like me ka hopena, i ka sputum ua liquefied a excreted mai i ke kino nui wale.
• Ua lako e ka poʻea pau i lalo ha awina, a ho'ēmi i kā ka helu o pathogenic koʻohune i mea ma luna o ka mucosa o ka ÷ naehana hanu nā loko.
• Ua loaʻa antioxidant waiwai. Sulfhydryl pūʻulu pane koke me ka noa radicals a me metabolites o ka o oxygen, a lawe ia mai ke kino. Penei, acetylcysteine mai he antiinflammatoryʻole a me ka ovobozhdaet kino mai kaʻawahia waiwai, nunui mama i ka hoʻomanawanui ka kulana.

Mai hoomakaukau i loaʻa ka likeʻeleu waiwai acetylcysteine, hiki e oleloia:

• "Mukobene" - papa; 100, 200 a me 600 mg.
• "Mukomist" - pāʻoihana ma ampoules, 20% no ka topical a me ka inhalation.
• "Mukoneks" i loko o ka palapala o pellets, 0,1 g. E hoomakaukau i ka malakeke.
• "Fluimucil" i loko o ka palapala o pellets, 100 a me 200 mg; Papa no ka kinowai inu, 600 mg.
• "ACC" i loko o ka palapala o ka papa no ka hoʻomākaukau effervescent inu - 100, 200, 600 mg; ka pahu kui 300 mg / 3 ml ma ampoules; granules no ka pāʻoihana ma, 100, 200 mg.
• "Acetylcysteine" i loko o ka pauka palapala, 200 mg; pāʻoihana no ka pahu kui, 10%; pāʻoihana no ka ngalyatsy, 20%;
• "Atsestin" - papa no na hooponopono, 100, 200, 600 mg; Papa no ka kinowai inu, 200 a me 600 mg.

Acetylcysteine a ai 'ana me ia contraindicated i loko o na keiki ma lalo o 2 makahiki (me kekahi - i no 6 makahiki o ka makahiki), hapai a me lactating wahine, kanaka me ulcerative gastrointestinal maʻi i loko o ka huʻi ke kahua. Oe i 'ikeʻaoʻao' ole e like me headache, stomatitis, lethargy a me ka tinnitus, kākaʻikahi hoikeia gastrointestinal kāna hana, allergies, tachycardia. Acetylcysteine hiki ole inu me ka antitussive ai '. Ua hoi hoʻokāʻoi aʻe ana i ke kanawai o ke nitroglycerin a inhibits ke omo o antibiotics.

Mucolytics me ka bromhexine

Medicaments i loaʻa i kēia waiwai a pau e like me kaʻeleu ke keʻena, pinepine ia ma ka puʻu, a hoʻonoho like mucolytics. Ka papa inoa o ka ai 'mea i kaupalena' ia elima mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana. Noho ma ke kanaka kino, bromhexine i loaa mai like penei:

• emi i ka (viscosity) o ka bronchial secretion ma ka mucus polysaccharides depolarization;
• Ua stimulates mucosal bronchial aeee i pee polysaccharides'ākilikai nāʻano;
• Ua paipai 'ana i ke kahua o ka surfactant;
• Ua produces expectorant ai;
• inhibits ka cough reflex.

Hoomakaukau-mucolytics helu 'ia ma lalo iho nei i pihaʻi me ka papa kuhikuhiEʻeleu' Oponopono bromhexine. Mau nā:

• "Solvin" - pāʻoihana no na hooponopono, 4 mg / 5 ml; papa no ka moʻolelo 'ana, 8 mg.
• "Bromhexine" i loko o ka palapala o ka pāʻoihana, 4 mg / 5 ml; malakeke, 4 mg / 5 ml; papa 8 mg.

Ai ', mucolytics, i loaʻa ka bromhexine, e contraindicated no ka poʻe me kanaka intolerance a hiki i keia ke keʻena, e like me na keiki i ka 6 makahiki. Ka mea, hiki i indigestion, headache, mahuahua kaawale ana o ka hou, ili rashes a me bronchospasm. Hapai keiki, a lactating wahine ka lapaʻauʻia me ka bromhexine hoonohoia kākaʻikahi.

Ai 'me ka carbocisteine

Kēia lāʻau ua kekahi hui pū i loko o ka "Mucolytics" pae. Papa Inoa o ka ai 'me ka carbocisteine kikowaena ma kahi o umi' ikamu, akā, ka mea a pau i ka mea hookahi mea lāʻau lapaʻau ia:

• emi i ka maʻiʻo o'ākilikai a me kaʻakika ulu ka? iecaianoaaiiie o glycopeptides i lawe mai ai i loko o kā lākou mau maʻamau ana;
• emi i ka (viscosity) a me ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka elasticity o sputum;
• regenerate i ka mucosa o ka naehana'ōnaehana, a hoihoi kona maʻamau 'ole;
• hoomahuahua i ka ololi o kūloko i ho'ākāka 'e kū'ē'ē mai lgA;
• normalize koho sulfigrilnyh pūʻulu;
• hehi i ka ha awina o ciliated bronchial epithelium.

Loa pinepine, e hoomanawanui i ka mea, e ia mucolytics ia. A papa inoa o ka ai ', a hoʻomākaukau i loaʻa ka karbotsistein ua haawiia ma lalo:

• "Libeksin Muko" i loko o ka palapala o ka malakeke, 50 mg / ml.
• "Mucodyne" i loko o ka palapala o capsules, 125 mg; malakeke no na keiki 125 mg / 5 ML a me 250 mg / 5 ml.
• "Karbotsistein" malakeke 250 mg / 5 ML a me 125 mg / 5 ML (no ka keiki); Capsules, 375 mg.
• "Fluifort" i loko o ka palapala o ka granules no ka wehe, 2,7 mg; Malakeke, 90 mg / k; malakeke 2% (no ka keiki) a me ka 5%.

ʻAʻole hiki ke e lawe i ka oiaio o ka ka allergy i ka iniiaiie ke keʻena like me ka peptic ulcer maʻi Karbotsisteinovye mucolytics, ai 'a me na laau, a i ho'ākāka' ia ma luna, ka haunaele o ka maʻamau funktsionirovaniyapochek, glomerulonephritis i loko o ka huʻi palapala, cystitis, hāpai keiki, a breastfeeding. Hoomakaukau i loko o ka palapala o ka capsules i contraindicated no na keiki ma lalo o 12 makahiki, a ma ke ano o ka malakeke - mai i ka 2 makahiki. Ai ', mucolytics Cough ma muli karbotsisteina hiki sporovotsirovat rastrojstva digestion a me allergic hoike ana.

Ai 'me ka ambroxol

Mau ai 'i ka loa mahalo i waena o nā mea maʻi. Ambroxol i ka hahai 'ole ma ke kanaka kino:

• Ua ho'ēmi i kā ka (viscosity) 'inideka, a me ka mea pīlali o sputum;
• kōkua ai i nā hookuuia o mucus mai ka Air;
• haʻalele no serous keena o ka bronchial mucosa o ka glandular'aʻaʻa;
• Ua stimulates ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā'ūhū e degrade ka 'ole o ka polysaccharides o sputum;
• 'Imi ka paipai' ana i ka? iecaianoaaiiie o surfactant;
• Ua stimulates ka cilia o ka bronchi, a ua ālai 'ia mai sticking pu.

Manawa i ka hana o kēia mau kumumea ambrokola ka mea i komo i loko o ka pūʻulu "Mucolytics". A papa inoa o ka ai 'i loaʻa i kēia ke keʻena mea nui. Eia nō ka loa, he pono ole ai 'me ka ambroxol:

• "Mucosolvan" - lozenges, 20 mg; pastilles 15 mg; pāʻoihana, 7,5 mg / ml; malakeke 15 a me 30 mg / 5 ml; na papa, 30 mg.
• "Haliksol" - ma ke ano o ka malakeke, 30 mg / ml a me ka 10 na papa, 30 mg.
• "Maddox" - ma ke ano o ka malakeke, 15 mg / 5 ml, a me nā papa, 30 mg.
• "Deflegmin" - ma ke ano o na kulu no ku una hoʻoponopono, papa a me 0,75%, 30 mg;
• "Suprema-COF" - i loko o ka palapala o ka papa, 30 mg.
• "Mukobron" -toʻano o nā papa, 30 mg.
• "Kulu Bronhovern" - pāʻoihana no na hooponopono, 7,5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrobene" - i loko o ka palapala o capsules, 75 mg; pāʻoihana no ka pahu kui, 7,5 mg / ml; malakeke, 15 mg / 5 ml; na papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambrogeksal" - i loko o ka palapala o capsules, 75 mg; pāʻoihana no ka inhalation a me ka 'ai, inu, 7,5 mg / ml; malakeke 3 a me 6 mg / ml, a me nā papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambroxol" - ma ke ano o ka malakeke, 3 a me 6 mg / ml; na papa, capsules, 30 mg a me 75 mg.
• "Ambrolap" - i loko o ka palapala o capsules, 75 mg; malakeke, 15 mg / 5 ml; na papa, 30 mg; rastvoa no ka i loko o? eaia, a no ka inhalation, 7,5 mg / ml.
• "Ambrosan" - i loko o ka palapala o ka papa, 30 mg.
• "Ambrosol" - like me ka malakeke 0,3 a 0,6 g. / 100 ml.
• "Remebroks" -to hana i ka malakeke 30 mg / 5 ml.
• "Ambrotard 75" -to ano o capsules, 75 mg.
• "Flavamed" - ma ke ano o ka pāʻoihana no ku una hooponopono, 15 mg / 5 ml, a me nā papa, 30 mg.
• "Bronhoval" - na papa, 30 mg; Malakeke, 15 mg / 5 ml.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka palapala o ke kala o ka lāʻau, he mau contraindications i ka loaa ana i ke kumu o ambroxol lapaʻauʻia. Oia hoomakaukau, mucolytics no na keiki ma lalo o 2 makahiki kupono wale ina laʻau heluna o na hana waiwai, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 3 mg / ml, i hookuu i ka malakeke a me ka pāʻoihana. hiki ole i ka papa inu no nā mea maʻi ma lalo o ka makahiki o 6 makahiki, i ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku - i no 14 makahiki. No hoi, ina o ka hoʻomanawanui oe e hypersensitive i ambroxol, mucolyticsʻikepili hiki ole o ka lanakila. Mawaena o kaʻaoʻao 'ole o ka lāʻau - indigestion, māhuahua kaawale mai nasal mucus, pilikia mimi, allergic reactions. I ka hāpai keiki ua IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ambroksol ole ia i loko o ka trimester mua, a ma ka hope o ka lā - wale ma luna o Kauka ka aʻo.

Mucolytics alu haku mele 'ana

Mau medicaments māmala'ōlelo i loko o kekahi mauʻano hana 'ona ma ka hana, a i liquefaction o sputum, no laila, ka mea i komo i loko o ka typology "Mucolytics". I ka maloo cough papa inoa o ka ai 'i hoakaka ia ma kekahi kauka, mai ka papa hōʻike muaʻia i loko o kēia' atikala, hiki ke inā me ka kēia lapaʻauʻia:

• "Sinupret" - o ia hoʻi, he mea kanu eiiiiiaiou. Inā loaʻa kekahi hapa o gentian aa, primrose pua a me elderberry laauikiai a kikokiko a me ka vervain. Ka makaukau ua i loko o ka palapala o ka papa a kanakaʻona mau pāʻoihana. hana waiwai eiiieaena kōkua ai i nā efficient hookuuia o mucus mai na sinuses a me ka hoaka o naehana'āpana. hiki i nā mea haʻilula keimikala elua lawe i nā keiki kao i ka 6 makahiki o ka makahiki a me ka poʻe me lactase deficiency, e like me ke alo o ka allergy i lapaʻauʻia eiiiiiaiou.
• "Rinikold Broncho" - e hoomakaukau ai i Desha i ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou ekolu: ambroxol (15 mg), chlorphenamine (2 mg), phenylephrine (5 mg) a me ka guaifenesin (100 mg). E like me ka hopena o ka loaa ana i kēia malakeke (viscosity) emi mucus i loko o ka bronchi, hiki'ē expectoration, eliminates kīhaeʻia, maneo ana o na maka a me ka ihu, emi nani a me ka redness o ka mucous'aʻaʻa o ka naehana nenoaiu. Ka lāʻau 'Ua contraindicated ma spasms, atherosclerosis, hypertension, mimikō, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, glaucoma, hoopili-type, gastric, prostate adenoma, deficiency o ka monakō koko-6-posapahate dehydrogenase, hāpai keiki, a lactation, na keiki ma lalo o 6 makahiki i allergic i eiiiiiaiou. Oe ke ole inu i ka malakeke me ka betaadrenoblokatorami, tricyclic antidepressants? Ueony, Mao nā mea kūpale a ai 'i loaʻa i ka mea hana waiwai, e like me ka "Broncho Rinikold".

Ribonuclease no ka iapaau ana o maloʻo coughs

Ana i hoakaka ia ma ka kauka mucolytics me ka maloo cough, he papa inoa o i i hōʻike mua, ka mea hiki ke wahi i kahiko ai ', a ho'āʻo ma ka manawa. Brand hou a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēiaʻaoʻao o ka noho pakele o ka h ÷ mucus i loko o ka naehana'āpana - i ka hana o ka ribonuclease a dornase alfa. Kēia waiwai He He genetically ka hana 'enekinia huahana, he mea like o ka mea maoli kanaka'ūhū i mea kuleana no ka cleavage o ka extracellular DNA.

Ma ke alo o ka cystic fibrosis i loko o ka hoomanawanui, a ua wehewehe aku ma ke kilo infectious kaʻina hana, he hoʻomāhuahua o purulent secretions me kiʻekiʻe (viscosity). E like me ka hopena, e hoomanawanui i hihia hoʻi naehana kuleana pili i. Ma purulent secretions i nui na mea he extracellular DNA. ka mea, nolaila ia i kuu mau (particles) mai ka popopo leukocytes hua mai la i ka paneʻano papa hana i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai a i ke kiʻekiʻe (viscosity). Ribonuclease pili mai DNA hydrolytic ma phlegm a me ka mucus kūpono liquefied.

Dornase alfa ka hapa o ka "Pulmozyme" lāʻau, a ua hua mai i loko o ka palapala o ka pāʻoihana no inhalation. ʻeleu mea maʻiʻo - 2,5 mg / 2,5 ml. Kēia lāʻau i ua ana hoʻohana me ka cystic fibrosis a me ka maʻi obstructive pulmonary maʻi: bronchiectasis maʻi, COPD, congenital malformations i na keiki, pneumonia, naehana lesions immunodifitsitnogo külana.

Contraindications "Pulmozim" pihoihoi. Ka lāʻau 'E ole e hoakaka ia i ka wahine hapai keiki, a lactating a me na keiki ma lalo o 5 makahiki. ʻaoʻao 'ole i loko o ka iapaau ana o keia mea paahana, ua pohihihi keia, a e hana ana me ka lymphocytic leukemia huʻi ano o ka anaemia aplastic, epilepsy, migraine, conjunctivitis, disequilibrium, tachycardia, cardiac hopu, bradycardia, pneumonia, bronchospasm, digestive kāna hana, allergic dermatitis, angioneurotic edema, kāna hana hāpai keiki, a hānau, umaumaʻeha, nawaliwali.

Hana koke, a pono

Kēia 'atikala i nānā' ia e ka nīnau: "He aha ai '- mucolytics?" Papa Inoa o ka loa, he pono ole ai' o keia pae i ka inoa. It E e pela kaulana ia i ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka lāʻau, kona laʻau heluna, e like me ka pono i koi no ka lōʻihi like' ole o ka papa o ka lapaau, a me ka manawa kūpono o ke kūapoʻana i ka lāʻau mea like - kēia mau mea nāna e hoʻopuka i mea nō ke kuleana o ka 'inikua' oihana ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo ponoʻike, o ke ahonui wale. Pakiko-ka lapaʻauʻia i loko o kēia kahua e e ole wale counterproductive, akā, i hiki ke i unpredictable 'ole, mai kaʻaoʻao hopena o ai' ana i ka ulu ana o ka maʻi ka maʻi. No laila, i loko o ke alo o ka maʻi symptoms mai aole e hookaulua i ka makaikai a hiki i ke kauka. E hoʻokaʻaʻike ola!