Okudzhava Shalva Stepanovich: Kawaihae, ohana

Name o ke kaulana Soviet a me ka Russian haku mele a me ka aliʻi haku Bulat Okudzhava ninau, ina ole a pau, a laila loa. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole nui ua ikeia no ka lono kaumaha moʻolelo o ke ola o kona mau mākua. Manawa Okudjava Shalva Stepanovich i hoʻokahi manawa i kekahi o na organizers o ka Keokia Young Communist o Oʻahu, a pâʻani 'o ia kūlana ano nui i loko o ka hanalima kūpono' ana o ke Urals mana.

moʻokūʻauhau

Kupuna kāne Shalva Okudzhava kapaʻaoʻao Paul Peremushev makuwahine. He hoʻoneʻe i Georgia ma ka waena o ka 19th kenekulia. Ua ua ike ia ma ka manawa o ka Peremushev AP 25 makahiki mua i mālama ai i mau, a ma hope o ka hana i loaa allotment ma Kutaisi. Aia e likeʻole manao e pili ana i kona kumu. E like me ka loa, he pono ole, ka mea, ua kekahi Lūkini paha Mordvinian. Kekahi noiʻi iʻiʻini e noonoo ia i ka Iudaio, mai na cantonments. Ma Kutaisi P. Peremushev hoomaka ae la oia e hana me ke kā, a koke mare i Georgia ka Salome Medzmariashvili. He He ekolu mau kaikamahine, o ka makahiapo o ka poe - Elizabeth - lilo ae la ka wahine o ke Kakauolelo Stepan Okudzhava. Ma keia mare ana i hanau ewalu keiki.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Okudzhava Shalva Stepanovich i hānau i loko o August 1901. I kona ua 10 kona mau makahiki,ʻo ia i hoolohe i ka hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma ka Gentry Gymnasium o Kutaisi. I ka makahiki o ka 16 makahiki Shalva hui na revolutionaries, e hahai ana i ke kumu hoohalike o ke kaikuaana ma Rotehama a me Michael, ka poe i hana i komo i loko o Anati-ke aupuni hana i loko o nā lā o ka Feberuari kipi.

Party hana

I ka 1918 Shalva Okudjava hui i ka RCP (B) a ma ka aoao o ka mea hana ma ka Komsomol hui ma Georgia. Mai ia manawa a hiki i 1921, ka wā i hoʻokumuʻia ai ka mana Soviet ma ka aina, oia ua ma ka peʻe a E ke Kumu i ka 'epekema o ka paio kālai'āina. Ma hope o Shalva Okudzhava i hoonohoia Luna hoomalu o ka Kutaisi moku'āina Komite o Komsomol, a ma ka 1921 ia i hoʻopiʻi e lilo i ke poo o kaʻaha hui oihana o ke Komite Central o Komsomol o Georgia.

i Moscow

I ka 1921 Okudzhava Shalva Stepanovich i koho i ka elele i ka Ahaolelo o ka Comintern a me ka mea mua kipa ma Moscow. Ma kekahi o na kau o ka 'ohi' ia i ka Vladimir Lenin kekahi hoike e pili ana i ka mea hou? Aneiai kulekele. He i ka hohonu, manaʻo ma luna o ka mea opiopio Communist, prompting i makemake e komo i loko o nā hana e pili ana i ke kūpono 'ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai' ana o ke keiki Soviet moku'āina. No keia hopena, Shalva Okudzhava i koe i loko o ke kapikala, a komo aku la i ka'Āuna Kumu o? Aneia iainiiaaiea o ka mua State University. Oiai këia i loko o ke poʻo, a hui me Ashkhen Stepanovna Nalbandian, ka poe i hele mai e pili ana i ka haku mele kaulana Vahan Teryan. Ke keiki kanaka, hina iho la ia ma ke aloha a me ka koke mare. Ma May 1924 ka mea, i ke keiki - Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava.

i Tbilisi

Ma hope iho o ka hanau ana o kana keiki Shalva Okudzhava i urgently kiiia i Tbilisi like Keokia aoao hui o ka pono o ka hoʻonaʻauaoʻia nā limahana. Mua i loko o December 1924, ua hoonohoia oia i ke poo o ka oihana o ka manaʻo pīhoihoi, a propaganda o ka Tiflis City Party Komite, he Komisina i ka Keokia koa kauoha kula ma hope o 2 makahiki. A laila, i ka 1929, Shalva Stepanovich i hoounaia mai e noiʻi i loko o ke kapikala, kahi āna i puka 'o ia mai ka Institute o Marxism-Leninism. I ka hoʻiʻana i kona'āina i ka makahiki o ka 30 makahiki, ua hoonohoia ke keiki Communist kakauolelo o ka City Party Komite, a ua koho ia i lâlâ o ke Komite Central o Georgia.

Aina e me ka Beria

I loko nō o ka mea i waho ma ka ola Shalva Okudjava ka mea, ua oi aku ka pono, ma ka mea, ma luna o kona poʻo eʻohi ana i nā ao i. Inā ma ka hoʻomaka o kona 'oihana, oia ua ma lalo o nā auspices o ka Sergo Ordzhonikidze, laila Georgia lilo Commissar Beria ma hope, i ke kulana hoʻololi dramatically. Pono a me ka loina hooponopono Okudjava pinepine ae la oia mai olelo ikaika e ku ei kona nā limahana pilikino E pili. A he mau no hoi na lono i Lavrenty Pavlovich i ole indifferent ia Ashkhen, a i manaoia kekahi o nā wāhine loa nani i loko o ka Keokia kapikala o ia manawa. I ka pau ana o Okudzhava au ike ia ia mea maikaʻi, e haʻalele Tiflis, a hele aku la ia me kona 'ohana i Moscow. Aia la oia i mohai aku ai i ka oihana i loko o Nizhny Tagil, i aku la ia me ka olioli maliuia'ku ia.

na Urals

Ke initiator o ke kohoia Okudzhavy ka lāʻau kū o Kakauolelo o ka Party Komite Uralvagonstroya ma Nizhny Tagil lilo Sergo Ordzhonikidze, nui koʻu mahalo i kona professionalism a me ka pāʻoihana acumen. Ma Pepeluali makahiki 1934, Ordzhonikidze lilo i elele i ka 17th Party Ahaolelo, a me ka makahiki ma hope ka mea, ua i hou lapauila - 1st kakauolelo o Nizhny Tagil kulanakauhale komite o ka CPSU (b). Mahalo i kana hana hou e hana aku ana i pinepine ae la oia kaulana Ordzhonikidze, pinepine hele mai e nānā i ka hana o Uralvagonzavod.

hopu

February 18, 1937 na limahana o ka NKVD Tagil hahai i ke keʻena, kahi āna i noho Okudjava Shalva Stepanovich. Ma ka malihini coincidence, i kēia lā i loko o Moscow, i pana aku la ia ma kona mau hoa a me ka haipule o Sergo Ordzhonikidze.

Okudzhava Ua lōʻihi maopopo ka inevitability o kona hopu ia ana. I ia mau lā, i kekahi ke hoouna aku nei au i ka poʻe hoʻomoana me kekahi kumu, a me Okudzhava i ka Achilles 'kuekue wawae - hoahanau counterrevolutionaries ia ma hope o ka olelo hoolaha o Soviet mana ma Georgia, hui ma ka hema-'ēheu kū'ē. ʻOiai ka mea, i kekahi manawa, hele loulou, i ka 1936, ua hopu hou iho la lakou, a kauoha me Trotskyism.

Hopuia Hoʻokele Uralvagonstroy L. Maryasin kanu i "hoike", e like me ka mea ana i Okudjava ho'āʻo e kaua kīmopō iā Sergo Ordzhonikidze i kona kipa i Nizhny Tagil. He wahahee ahewa ana i ka 1937 ua nui kupono, i ka ninau o ke ola hiki e hou, o ka oi aku no ka mea, ua i ka 'ohana i i heluʻia i waena o ka pilikino poe enemi o Lavrenty Beria.

Shalva Okudzhava iʻikeʻia i loko o ka papa inoa o ka poe e noho ana malalo i "ka repression o ka mahele mua." Ma ka 'aoʻao me morte o ka manawa i kēia mau hua'ōlelo i manaoia i ka paahao no na makemake e pana aku la ia. I ka palapala ma keia mea i hana ia April 1, 1937, a ma lalo iho ona, ua Stalin ka inoa, Molotov a me Kaganovich. Ka ke konohiki i hana ma 4 August 1937.

I ka hopena o ka poe hoahanau,

Ma hope iho o ka hopu ia ana o ke poo o ka ohana o kana wahine, ka mea ma ia manawa hana me ke kakauolelo o ka Apana Party Komite ma Nizhny Tagil, neʻe i Moscow (hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1934 Bulat Shalvovich Okudzhava a me Victor,) na keiki kāne, e like me ka pono me kūpuna makuahine a noho i loko o ke kanaka, ke kaiāulu keʻena ma luna o ka Arbat. Aia ka mea, aʻo maila ia i ka pana mea i ka makua o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke aliʻi haku kaulana. Family pōʻino i ole pau ma laila, a ma ka 1938 i hopu Okudzhava ka makuwahine i loko o Moscow, a me ka mea i hoouna mai ai i Karlag. Ua hoi aku la i ke kapikala wale i ka makahiki 1947,.

Trotskyism i hoopiiia a me ke kaikuahine Shalva - Olga Okudzhava. Ke kaikamahine i ka wahine o ka mea kaulana Keokia haku mele Galaktion Tabidze. I ka manawa o kona hopu ia ana, oia ua seriously mai, akā, i ka i i hooki i ka NKVD, e hoʻokuke aku iā ia i loko o ke pio. Olga kuewa wale ae la mai kekahi o ka halepaahao, a hiki i kona ua i loko o Orel. September 11, 1941 i ka wahine, e like me oi ma mua o 150 pio, i ka NKVD pana aku la ia i loko o Medvedev ka ulu lāʻau, a mea he mau kilomika akau o ke kulanakauhale.

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Iosifa Stalina wahine Shalva Okudzhava lilo a pau o ia hoʻi, e kū ai i ka hoʻopulapula o kana kane. Keia ia e hoʻokele wale i ke kumu kuai o ka weliweli pono ka 'Oihana i ka makahiki 1956. Ma keia hihia, ua ninau aku lālā kahiko o ke kulanakauhale Komite o ka Nizhny Tagil a me nā kupa o ke kulanakauhale, hoʻopaʻa i ka hala ole o kana kane.

Ano, e ike i kona ano, a pehea kona make Okudjava Shalva Stepanovich. i lilo i luahi o - Ka wahine o ka hoomaopopoia Communist - Ashkhen Nalbandian Stalin ka repression, a me kā lākou mau keiki, Bulat i ke koena o kona olaʻike piʻi mea naʻauʻeha, ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana i ka lono kaumaha hopena o ko lākou mau makua.