TPP - mea ia ia? Ukrainian TPPs

Ukrainian ikehu ua haku o ka mana hoʻomakaʻia poʻe o hiki a pau ano - thermal mana mea kanu, ieie-AYN, nukelea mana mea kanu. Ke kumupaʻa o ke 'ano mua ua ikaika' ole ma kaʻikena yeiiiie? Aneeie oneiaeyie, ka mea hōʻemi i mea ku pono i ka hoemi lako o ka lanahu me Donbass.

Paa o TPP

Penei, TES - he mana mea kanu, a mana huahelu ua mua hoohuliia i Nine Inch ikehu combusted hydrocarbon wahie (lanahu, kinoea, aila) i loko o thermal ikehu o ka mahu, a laila, i ÿole mechanical ikehu epaepa huila kipaku turbines a me synchronous nā mīkini uila, a me ka hope i loko o uila ikehu Hooia ma nāʻanuʻu o ka stator a hiki i ka mana maka aha.

TPP hiki ia i ka nui manaʻaha hui uila me ka 'auhau o kekahi mau tausani MW, a me na mea kŘpa a uuku HEN, mai kekahi mau haneri kW i kekahi mau MW.

No ka mea, o ko lākou hana mau pu ma ke'ā o ka hydrocarbon i wahie ea puka i ka lewa o ka buke nui o flue kinoea, ka TES - ia mea he nui haumia ea ololi o ke kaiapuni. No laila, i ka hana o kēia poʻe mea mau ma lalo o scrutiny like me ka hana lehulehu o? Aneie hooponopono, a me ka lehulehu.

Mea Maluna TPP

Ua ua hana ia ma ke kumu o ka manao o ko lākou mana huahelu. Kekahi mau okoa ano.

1. ieoaeunoai-mīkini peahi uila thermal mana mea kanu - es mea he OAXA koe i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka mahu. Me kauwahi o ko lākou mana huahelu i mahu ieoaeunoai a me ka mahu turbines. I waena o ia mea:

• condensation es (IES). Ma ka Soviet wā i kapaʻia ka mea, Apana mana moku'āina (TPP). Ka mea, paka wale uila.

• alu wela a me ka mana (ChP). Kēia mau poʻe i, ma ka Akä naÿe i ka IES, koe wale no ka uila? Iecaianoaaiiuo, oi a oi i ka hana o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka mahu a me ka wela i ka wai no ka paio hahana maoli nō.

2. Ke Kinoea mīkini peahi uila es. Mau Energoagregat i mahu ieoaeunoai, kinoea turbines a me ka holo mana kaʻapuni i ka wela flue kinoea i lawe ia e ke ahi wahie (maoli kinoea, kakolina diesel wahie).

3. alu-kalapona thermal mana kanu - mea he mea like o ChP ma i mahu ua hua mai ma muli o ke koena wela o ka flue kinoea hookuu, mai ke kinoea turbines.

4. kakolina diesel ka pila.

5. alu es.

General ano o Energy o Ukraine

Ke aupuni i eha nukelea mana kanu, ka cascade o elima ikaika ieie-ku ma ka Dnieper, Dniester psp, he helu o ka ieie-AYN ma ka Transcarpathian muliwai, e like me kahi o kanalima TPP a me CHPP likeʻole nā pihana'ū - mai ka 20 mW (Lviv TPP-1) i ka 3600 MW, i mea no ka nui loa thermal mana kanu - Zaporizhia. Ka mea, i ka ia mana a me ka Uglegorsk TPS, akā, ia mea kokoke i ka laina confrontation i loko o ka Donbass, a me ka hana hapa-manawa.

Ma Ukraine ka mea hoʻokahi Energy System (UES), i ka loaʻa oʻumikumamāhā TPP, eha nukelea mana mea kanu, ehiku hydropower mea kanu, ekolu EII ni pūnaewele, e like me kanaiwa-ʻehiku ChP, liʻiliʻi ieie-AYN, makani aina, etc. SES. Hoʻouka kekahi nona iho uila Eco Ukraine mea 53.780.000 kWh . I ka 2012 ka mea, ua hua mai la 198 119 000 000 kW ∙ h palena o ka uila.

Ma keia nukelea mana kanu ua hoakaka ia i loko o ka hale lio mana nānā 'ole o ka mea ulana pukapuka manawa o ka lā, a me TPP Ukraine, a me kona HPP e hana ana me ka ee iaaanu aey nona iho, kapa komo iā ia diurnal kuahiwi.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE mana hoʻomakaʻia hoa a pau

Centralized uila? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ka UPS o Ukraine lawe es pili ana i ka ehiku mana hoʻomakaʻia poʻe. O kēia mau mea, eha poe me ka huina pau hoʻouka kekahi nona iho o 18,2 miliona kW - "Kyivenergo", "Dniproenergo", "Zapadenergo" "Vostokenergo" - hapa o ka Donetsk wahie a me Energy Company (DTEK), a, ma kona malama ana i poe "System Capital Management" hoʻi ka oligarch Rinat Akhmetov. Small poe "Donbassenergo" me ka hoʻouka kekahi nona iho o ka 2,855 miliona kW hoʻi i ka poʻe "Energoinvest e paʻa ana" mai Donetsk. Eia hoi, i ka i koe poʻe mau mea ma lalo o ke aupuni ana. Kēia "Centerenergo" me ka a? Ac nona iho o ka 7,575 miliona kilowatts a me Nak "Enerhoatom 'me ka a? Ac nona iho o ka 14, 140 miliona kilowatts.

Pilikia i loko o ka Ukrainian TPPs

I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia mea he nui ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o na lako o ka lanahu, mai ka Donbass, like hoʻi me ka nele o ke dala no kona kuai ana. lanahu nele mea he like pilikia no nā wahi a me ka mana hoʻomakaʻia poe.

June hoomaka, a me nā lāʻau kūpeʻe TPP mea no hapa-nele. March, a April i ka lanahu thermal mana kanu Ukraine māhuahua mai ka 750 a hiki i 850 tausani. Nā kana. A e hoola mai i ka hoʻomaka o ka hahana maoli nō kēia manawa, he palena iki o 3 miliona tons, a hiki maikaʻi - i 4 miliona tona o ka lanahu.

Inā i piha i ka ia lohi aee, laila i ka hooilo, e loaa ole hou aku 1.3-1.5 miliona tona o ka lanahu. Ma ka Ia meager laau o hope hooilo mākou i ke hoʻolauna i ka hana o ka ape blackouts, aʻaʻole i hina no ka nui wale, no ka Russian lanahu a me ka uila i ka Eco'āina.

Eia naʻe, hope hooilo A ua mahana. Inā ke anu e oi kaumaha e, a me ka lanahu e noho like iki pilikia hoʻomaka nui mua a me ka oi nui hopena ma luna o kanaka a me nā pāʻoihana (a hoomau iho la lakou e paa).

I ke kauwela o TPP mākou i ka hana ma ka ho'ēmi i kā nona iho ai i kona Eco nele kīnā 3 miliona kW. E like me ka hana ana o hope makahiki, i kakahiaka nui i loko o ka hooilo mea hiki ke mahuahua mai i 6 miliona kW, a laila, ma lalo o ka hoi ia mea makemake ole kūpikipiki'ō paakiki aiʻaihueʻia.

Nā Aey? Acaeoey i loko o ka ikehu kaiaulu o Ukraine

I ka pau ana o May, he mau kiʻekiʻe-Profile hanana pili i TPP holo ana. Ke'ī mai, o ka poe "Donbassenergo" Slavyanskaya TPS pani, a me ka moku'āina poe "Centrenergo" - hana Zmiev TPP ma ka Kharkiv māhele 'āina.

Ma keia hihia, hooki i ka Slavic TPP kona kahu, ua hoopiiia oia i ka Ukrainian moku'āina, ka poe hoole, e uku no ka hakahaka uila. Ka pilikia i maopopo kālai'āina overtones, mai kekahi o ka poe ka thermal mana kanu "Donbassenergo" - Starobeshevskaya - aia i loko o ka DNI. Ka huina aie o ka moku'āina ahakanaka "Energy", e alakai Luna Hooponopono a me nā mea a pau energogeneneriruyuschimi a me ka ikehu lako poe, ma mua o ka "Donbassenergo" i keia la kīnā e pili ana i $ 72 miliona maʻikena mail holo 'awelika.

Zmiev TPP, oki iho hana o ka nele o ka lanahu, i mea wale lawa no kekahi pa alima wale no. Naʻe, ka mea, o hoʻokele waiwai disadvantageous. No laila, i ke ku manaolana e hoola lanahu no elua-ekolu 'iniha, kapuaʻi.