Varroa nalo meli: Kāohiʻana, lapaau ki ina hana like. Beekeeping no ka Beginners

Varroa - kekahi o ka loa, he pono ole, a kaʻawaʻawa loa ka maʻi o ka nalo meli. Kapa iho la oia ia ukuia Varroa destructor. Kēia arthropod parasite i nalo meli, drones, uterus, larvae a me ka pupae ma ka hanai ana i ko lakou koko. E like me ka hopena, nā mea kolo hoʻonāwaliwali i a me ka ho'ōla make.

helehelena ukuia

Parasitize nalo meli wale wahine Varroa destructor. Kane ole ia ia ka poino nā mea kolo mai i kumu. Fertilize i ka wahine, ka mea, koke e make. Externally, ka Varroa ukuia kohu pāpaʻi uuku (1.1 mm) o ka mea eleele ano. Ka wahine i kēia parasite ua hou-keikihipa omo mouthparts. Me ia, e komo iloko o ka chitin uhi o ka meli, a hoʻomaka i ka waiu koko (hemolymph). Hoʻopulapula tick keia? Ueony loa koke, kau hua ma kahi o 0.5 mm o ka nui.

Nā Papahana O Ka maʻiʻaʻai

I ka lā, kokoke e pau apiaries i ohana e noho ana me keia noho pilikia parasite. Ho'īli Varroa hiki nalo hopeʻeha i loko o kekahi mau aoao:

• me ke kuai ana o ka houʻohana i loko o keakea hale;
• ma-ʻaihue nalo meli;
• ma poe hipa wahine a me kona entourage;
• ma nalo hopeʻeha pūʻolo helu;
• auwana ma nalo meli.

Pehea ka maʻi hoike mai ai ia ia iho

Varroatosis weliweli, mawaena o na mea e ae, ke moe ia ma ka oiaio i ka mea mea paakiki e huai ae i kekahi kakahiaka nui ke kahua. Ke ukuia Varroa destructor, e like me ua oleloia, ua he uuku loa ka nui. Nolaila, o ka hoolaha ana o parasites i loko o ka hanana i ka mea nui loa aku ia mea, i māhuahua, ia mea pilikia. I oi nui lesions, e hooholo i ka nalo hopeʻeha Varroa hiki ia ma luna o ka hana o nā mea kolo lakou ia lakou iho. Ka mea, e emi 'Imi hōʻiliʻiliʻapapane, a pela i lilo nui akuʻano pākīkē a me ka restless. I waena o nā mea a pau, i ho'ēmi i kā lākou lifespan.

Inā ka beekeeper aʻole i lawe me ke kapuai hookahi e pakele o ka nalo meli, mai lepeta maʻi hele i loko o kaʻoi ke kahua. I ka Ia manawa i loko o ka hive, e hoʻomaka e hōʻike loa nō kona nāwaliwali motley pūnana. About holo Varroa, i waena o nā mea a pau, a e hoike i ka nui nui o kaʻinoʻino liʻiliʻi nalo meli. Kekahi specimens mai mailoko o hives, no kekahi laʻana, mai i mau'ēheu. Kekahi hoailona o ka maʻi ua hoopokole abdomen o ka nalo meli. Ma ke kahua hope Varroa komo ka 3-4th makahiki ma hope maʻiʻaʻai.

waiwai

E lawe kūpono ana e e hoʻoili koke ma hope o ka Varroa nalo hopeʻeha akomi i. Symptoms o keia maʻi, no laila, - Ua kuhikuhi he restless hana, a me ka muli o nā mea kolo ma ka hiveʻinoʻino holoholona. He aha nō i ka hopena o Varroa destructor infestation?

Ka meaʻino no o keia maʻi mea, o ka papa, he nui ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka hana a nalo meli. Eia hou, i ka haule ana o ka hoʻomanawanui ka 'ohana hiki ole hana he kupa. I ka hooilo, ka mea nāwaliwali, nalo meli mailoko o IeAUPIIe, IAa IO make mai ka pololi. I kekahi manawa i ka hana, a no laila, i ka ukiuki o nā mea kolo, ma ka mea ku ole, e 'Imi hoouka i kaʻai. E like me ka hopena, make no ka mea, o ka diarrhea ka pūnāwai mea.

Pehea ka maʻi e hoʻomōhala ana i

Noho ma ka hive, ka wahine ukuia komo iloko o ka halepaahao larval keena. Ma hope iho o ka nalo meli sila ia, ua hoʻomaka e 'Imi hanai. Ma ka Ia ukuia hoolakolako mau hua i a laila hele mai me ka hou wahine a me kekahi kane. About ka hebedoma hope fertilizes i kona mau kaikuahine, a make. I ka wahine-mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā a me ka hou parasites haʻalele i ka halepaahao ma hope o kona puka, a ma hope o 4 lā o ka hoʻomaka ana i ka hou Kepakailiula? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Ka nui helu o parasites ana infecting Varroa malama ma ka drone pūnana (i loko o 7-15 manawa hou ma mua i loko o ka nalo hopeʻeha). Ke ola kīkoʻo kona o ka wahine i loko o ke kau mea e pili ana 3 mahina, ma ka hooilo - 9.

Pehea e hooholo i ke alo o ka ukuia ana ma ka hive

No ka Varroa destructor ka loa, he pono ole, a IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ke kumu, alahula mau poino i ka apiary, akā, 'eleuʻike, o ka maʻiʻaʻai hiki ia i kumu no ka pomaikai o na hana i beekeeping. Ma ke kupulau o hives koi 'ia e nānā' ia ai. Kēia e kń i ka poino, kena ae la ia e ka ukuia, a hiki i ka palena iki. E e uku no ka hookolokolo ana o ka ohana pakahi noonoo. Oe E hoi eʻoiaʻiʻo i ka meli, hele i loko o ka mau alanui, a ma ka hive mea i make holoholona. pono e ola, ola nā'ēheu o nā mea kolo. Ke alo nahuʻia ke hōʻike maʻiʻaʻai.

Ma waho aʻeo ia ka hive, e pono e makaikai i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana ia ia. Iho mailoko o, loa hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia nalo hopeʻeha larvae a me ka pupae i ana kiola mai.

Pehea hiki au pakele o ka beehive ukuia

Varroa nalo hopeʻeha lapaau ana ma naʻano likeʻole. All kiʻina hana hiki ke maheleia i nui nā pūʻulu ekolu. Loa pinepine, e hoomaemae aku hives mai beekeepers ukuia hoʻohana me ka dukima kūikawā Nine Inch. Akā, he mea no hoi kākoʻo o environmentally alohaʻana i waena o beekeepers. Mau beekeepers hana Varroa ma maoli 'ana. Aia i kekahi ÿano mau aoao, e wehe i parasites. No ka laʻana, i kekahi manawa kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o lepeta, nalo meli ma kau kekahi kuikawa wela keena no 15 minuke (i ka wela o ka ma kahi o 47 degere). Naʻe, i kēia iaoiaeii ka loa ka hana mālama nui, a no ia mea, kākaʻikahi i hoʻohana. Beekeepers no hoi i kekahi manawa excised mai na hives drone pūnana. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, e loaʻa i ka nui helu o na lepeta.

I ka hoʻohana ana o Nine Inch

Like kekahi'ē aʻe mai o ka nalo meli, Varroa ua pinepine ia me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻano likeʻole o ka ai 'ho'ōla pānaʻi ai. Mai kūikawā dala o keia pae beekeepers pele hoʻohana:

• peritroidy ( "Apifit", "Apistan", "Fumisan");
• brompropilaty ( "Folbeks");
• formaniny ( "Bipin," "Anitraz", "Taktin").

Buy i kēia mau mea paahana, a hiki ia ia ma ka hana kūikawā kūʻai "no ka beekeepers waiwai" a ma nā Internet. ʻO ia lāʻau no kekahi mau makahiki hiki ole ke hoʻohana 'ia ma ka apiary. Ua hiki aku i ka helehelena o ka hou mutations ukuia hoʻopale ai i ua mau wahi uku paha. Inā pilikia ka haumāna beekeepers i ka manao e pili i ka apiary kēia regimen:

• I ke kakahiaka nui a me ka hapalua like-kauwela, e hoʻohana maoli laau.
• Ma 'Aukake, pili "Fumisan" a me "Apifit".
• Ma ka Akuma ka o ka i "Bipin" a me "Taktin".

Lapaʻau varroatosis waipuna ua ana i mālama 'ia ka hoʻohana' ana "Apifita" (1 papa 3 aeea).

Hoomaemae iho i ka hive o lepeta mea pakahi aku la ia paʻakikī mua hibernation. Ka mea ka ia i keia manawa no ka wahine komo iloko o na tergites nalo meli, i kahi e noho ai a hiki i luawai. A nolaila, hoʻohana Nine Inch pono mai i kekahi hopena ma luna o lākou. No laila, i loko o ka Akuma ka, ma mua o ka mea e hanaʻi aaioee o "Bipin" a me "Taktinom", oe e hoʻohana 20% tincture o ka mineta. Ke ala o ka mauu lepeta mai i makemake. No laila, ka mea, ua ho'ā 'ia, a haʻalele i ka tergites. Ma kēia hihia, na parasites i ua uhiʻia e ke kumu ai '.

"Bipin 'no ka nalo meli: aʻo ma o ka hoʻohana' ana o ke dala

Kēia lāʻau no a hiki i ka hui formaninov no ka paioʻana Varroa beekeepers i hoʻohana oi pinepine ma mua o nā mea haʻilula keimikala. Nolaila hoi e noonoo i ia mea, a pehea ia ua hoʻohana 'ia. I ka papa kuhikuhiEʻeleu waiwai "Bipin" ka amitraz - kūikawā kekahi hana naʻaupō destructively ma ticks, make. Ua lako keia Agena ma ampoules a ho yellowish wai a me kaʻawaʻawa loa ala (me ka naphthalene).

Pehea pono hoʻohana "Bipin 'no ka nalo meli? Na Ke Kumu no ka hoʻohana ana i kona'āina poe noonoo ole. o ia hoʻi, he koʻana koko pāʻoihana ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka aaioee. Hope hoomakaukau ma ka hoʻohuihui kekahi hue (0.5 ml) i loko o ka hano o ka maemae ka wai. Ka iapaau ana ua lawe mai ma ka irrigating melkostruynogo "alanui" o ka hive (10 ml no) palua i puleʻanuʻu.

maoli laau

E like me ka aneane kekahi'ē aʻe mai o ka nalo meli, Varroa hiki ke hana ole wale me ka hoʻohana 'ana o Nine Inch, akā, i nā mea a pau, kela waina keia maoli i huiʻia. Mai maoli, palekana mea e pakele o ka hive mai na lepeta hiki ke hoʻohana:

• formicʻakika a oxalicʻakika;
• nāʻano likeʻole o ka aila (dill, kaʻa);
• ka lau nahele.

Ke kōpaʻa Ua waiho ia ma ke alo o ka hive hibernation, poe akamai i waiho aku i ka hoʻohui maoli laau CAS 81, i mea he decoction o ka laau awaawa, a me ka tidara nā'ōpuʻu. Ma hope iho o ka nalo meliʻai mea, o ko lakou koko i awaawa. E like me ka hopena, lepeta wale hoole i ka ai ia.

E ho ohana i mea kāhinu,

Kēia papa hana ua manaoia e e loa ai ka hoʻokō, akā, i ka mea ia manawa a me ka hana-mālama nui. Oil no ka iapaau ana o nā nalo meli hiki ke hoʻohana. Beekeepers ke pili, no ka laʻana, kaa laau kedera, tidara, a no laila, ma luna o. G. nā mea kolo He pinepineʻia, no ka laʻana, maemae nō hoʻi kaʻaila, i hui ia me kekahi mau kulu o ka fennel a camphor. Kēia haku mele hiki ia maoli loa pono keia mau mea i loko o keia hihia, e like me beekeeping. insect wai Pono ehu i ka läÿau, o ka aila, mālama '-huki ponoi, ka hoʻohana' ana i ka hanaʻehu. Aaioee ia e hana i na manawa elua ma ka wā mawaena o 10 lā. Ke kolu o ka manawa, i kaʻaila hoʻohana ma o ka Akuma ka, ma hope o panina medosbora, e hoopau ana ma kahi o 2 g. O ka lāʻau ma luna o ka haka.

Varroatosis no ka lapaʻau hiki e haawiia mai no hoi i ka meli, i loko o ka luawai luna ua kahikoia a nani me ka dill ka aila i hui pūʻia i loko o laila. I kekahi manawa beekeepers kekahi enaena hope i loko o ka kūikawā keena, a kuhikuhi mai ia Leomakana i ka hive ma alanui EII ni.

Ua kahikoia a nani, a me ka bata, e hana i ka loa mea. No keia, i waena o nā mea a pau, ka mea nele i ka wahi o ka malakeke (no ka laʻana, mai o ka Jam). 10-15 māhele dill aila i hui me ka 85-90 māhele o ka vaseline. A laila, pākuʻi 3.2 ml o ka malakeke. Ke kūpono hope paha ua noi ia kōā kaulike ma luna o ka pepa pepa 2. Eia, i kekahi o ia waiho ma ka lalo o ka hive (pākōlea moe i luna) a me ka lua o ka mea i kauʻia ma luna o ka? Aieao. Dill aila hiki ke kuai ma ka hale kūʻai a hana ia oe iho. Ma ka hope hihia kuʻi 300 g. O na anoano. A laila, e ninini pua nānālāʻaila, a koi aku no ka hebedoma, hookonokono ana mau. Makaukau loa i wae 'ma pelupelu ia mau manawa gauze.

Ka hoʻohana a oxalicʻakika

Kēia mea paahana mea mau i loaʻa i loko o ka pōʻeleʻele loa "ka waiwai no beekeepers" a me beekeepers i hoʻohana nui kaiāulu. Haʻapili oxalicʻakika ʻano nui no kaʻawa. Ma keia hihia, ke haka ai ua wehe 'ia mai nā hives. O kaʻakika iho ua hoomakaukauia ma luna o ka 2% pāʻoihana o hoolapalapaia i ka wai. E hoopau 10-12 ml o huahana no kekahi wahi ponoi. E lawe aku aaioee pono ma ka wela,ʻaʻole ma lalo o 16 degere. E lawe maiʻawa kekahi mau manawa iloko o ka manawa (3-4). Ma ka Akuma ka o aaioee hana ma hope o ka meli a me ka pumping, e ai ana i ka lepe puke. I ka hoʻohana oxalicʻakika ticks hoʻomaka e haule iho la ia i ka 10-12 lā. Lapaʻau ua lawe mai i ka maloo ka ino. E ho ohana i ka oxalicʻakika e ole e lōʻihi. Ma ka noi o keia koʻi no ka oi ma mua o eono moekahi 'makahiki, i nā parasites hoʻomōhala e kū'ē'ē mai.

Oxalicʻakika paha e hoʻohana ole wale no kaʻawa, akā, no hoi no ka fumigation o beehives ma ka hui. Ma keia hihia, e like me ka wā hoʻohana dill kaʻaila, hoʻohana i ka kūikawā keena, a me ka EII ni.

Ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lau nahele

Like kekahi'ē aʻe mai o ka nalo meli, Varroa hiki ke hana ia me ka lau nahele. Ke Kula Kaiapuni 'ano o nā infusions a me decoctions e ia i loko o ka hihia, ina e makemake e malama i ka? Aneeo aku o ka meli. Naʻe beekeeper, e koho i ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea i emi iki mahope o ma ka laulā Nine Inch hoomakaukau (50%) kumu waiwai e e mālama i loko o ka naau.

Ka iapaau ana o ka nalo hopeʻeha ukuia hiki ke hana hoʻohana, no kekahi laʻana, 'o ia hoʻi e like me:

• Kai motherwort, camomile a me Calendula (hoolapalapaia 50 minuke). Ua pau wai i hui pūʻia me kō malakeke a me ka i kūpaluʻia nalo meli loaa ka haku mele 'ana. E hoʻohana i ka decoction ana e haule.
• Infusion 50 g. Peppers hoolapalapaia i ka 0.5 nā lika o ka wai. Ma ka searing wai e e hou i ka iki kōpaʻa malakeke. Keia mea paahana Ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka ai ana waipuna.
• Manamana o ka'āhiu kamako iki. Ka mea, i wale waihoia ma ka? Aieao. Ma kahi o ka holoholona kamako iki ukuia ke ho'āʻo e kipakuia mai ka hoʻohana 'ana shredded thyme.
• Softwood palaoa. Ua uaʻawa i loko o ka makahiki hou, i ka wā o ka hive he iki pūnana i ka manawa.

muli o kona kulana paʻakikī ka hoʻohana 'ana i kēia mau hana, akā, ia mea nō hiki i ka pakele ana i na maʻi like Varroa nalo hopeʻeha. Lāʻau lapaʻau lapaʻau, nae, ia ka waiwai Noho ana ma ka huipūʻana me Nine Inch. Kēia, e kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o na lepeta me ka hikiwawe e loaa.

hoola iho la

Lapaʻau nalo meli, mai varroatosis ma keia iaoia hiki e loa efficient. Heat lapaʻau - Ua environmentally aloha, akā, e ka lakou e maona ai a me ka hana-mālama nui ki ina hana like. Hana i kēia ina hana ana haule iho. Ua Ua i like penei:

• I ka lalo notches 10 ua hanaiia mai i ka puhi paka puapua.
• Panina o ka taphole, a me ka hive ua komo i loko o ka lumi mahana i mea iki ma luna ma mua o ke alanui (akā,ʻaʻole oi aku mamua o 12 degere).
• I holoiʻia mai ka hive mōlina.
• e hooluliia nalo meli a me ka uterus i loko o ka Cassette ma ka funnel.
• Ke Cassette ua paa. Meli, e ola i loko o ia no 15 mau minuke.
• Ke Cassette Ua waiho i loko o ka hahana loa bata. Ka mehana pono e ku paa auanei, a malama i 47 degere.

Ma aaioee, ka Cassette E e ke ka ao, a naueue ae,ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nalo meli pūʻuluʻulu iho i loko o ka mea poepoe. Ma hope o 15 min nalo hopeʻeha lawe mai o ka bata. Ma ka lumi kahi i kekahi beehive, e e mālama i ka leki no ka hou 15 minuke. Hou nā mea kolo ninini hoʻi i ka hala nā mōlina, a ua hoonoho iho i ka hive. Ma hope iho o ka nalo meli e noho hoomaha kela kanaka, ua wehe i ka lalo komo 8 knm, ma hope o ka hola a ka mea ho'ēmi i kā koi 'ia i keia manawa, i ka nui.

Inā pono, i ka iapaau ana o ka meli paʻa i loko o ka auau varroatosis lua wai. Hana ia i loko o keia manawa, elima mau lā ma hope o ka flyby mua.

Kāohi

Like nui no hoi na maʻi o ka nalo meli, Varroa pono he paʻakikī. Ua mea nui maʻalahi e ho'āʻo i ka pale aku i ka anal o lepeta i loko o ka hive. Kāohi ke loaʻa i nā kēia mau hana:

• Special mea hoʻonoho ma beehives protivovarroatoznogo lalo;
• e paʻa ana i ka apiary, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe (ana o ka loa mauu'ōpala hoʻi kipaku pūnana, a pela aku ...);
• i ke ano o kūikawā hoomakaukau (no ka laʻana, 'o ia hoʻi "Thymol");
• Mea hoʻonoho ma beehives mōlina 'me ka waihona meli;
• Ka Hui o ka poe ikaika oleʻohana, a no laila, ma luna o. D.

Kāohi varroatosis E e mālama 'ia ma luna o apiaries pono. Eia hou kekahi, pono mau eʻoiaʻiʻo i na nalo meli i ole iho mailoko me ka dukima o comorbidities, tick-hanau ka beekeeper.

Kāohiʻana o ka maʻiʻaʻai ma nā mea hoʻomaʻi

Koko omo ukuia Varroa destructor hoʻonāwaliwali i ka nalo hopeʻeha, ma o na la ka mea haalele i kona vitality, a ho'ōla make. Eia naʻe, ia mea,ʻaʻole wale, kena ae la ia e keia parasite ka poino. No laila, no ka mea hoike, i ka pupuka o na nalo meli hōʻike kuhikuhi manawa a hiki i ka mea i na wahine o Varroa destructor iho mailoko o ia me ka dukima nā palapala microorganisms. Kēia i ia, no ka laʻana, he mea hoʻomaʻi ke kanana nei i ka'ēheu a huʻi lōlō.

Kāohiʻana o kēia 'ano o ka maʻi i kuhikuhi i'āpono nā ana, e hoʻoikaika' i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu o ka nalo meli. Loa pinepine, ka mea nona o na apiaries hoʻohana no keia mea, no ka laʻana, e hanai ana oia me ka tidara extract. I maikai hōʻike manaʻo like me ka mea e hōʻoi 'e hoʻonele, aia no he "Endoglyukin" hoʻomākaukau.

ka hopena

E like me 'oe ke ike, Varroa nalo meli ia - i ka maʻi ka mea nui. Ana no ka make ana o ka tick E e ia ma ka hoailona mua o ka maʻiʻaʻai. I ole ia, beekeeper manaoia ole wale nunui pōʻino pili me ka emi ikaika i loko o ka hana a nalo meli. Inā ka maʻi ua hoʻomaka ', ka' ohana ke a mai lilo.