Vlas Doroshevich, Lūkini kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, kākau moʻolelo: Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu

Vlas Doroshevich - ke kaulana Lūkini kākau moʻolelo a me kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa, kekahi o ka loa hanohano feuilletonists hopena o XIX - i kakahiaka nui XX kenekulia. Nō hoʻi ka mea, ua ike ia i ka hohonu, a me nā kaiāulu hoihoi keaka manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni.

Kawaihae columnist

Vlas Doroshevich Ua hanau ia ma Moscow i loko o ka makahiki 1865. Kona makua kāne i kekahi kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa Sergei Sokolov, akā, make opiopio mai ka nui maʻi. Kona makuahine i kekahi pili me ka moʻokalaleo, oia loaa he panina ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka Smolny Institute, 'Imi paʻiʻia ma ke poʻo periodicals.

Kona inoa Vlas Mihaylovich Doroshevich koi adoptive makua kāne, ka mea i hoohana ia ia i loko o ka eono-malama-kahiko. Mother haʻalele i kāna keiki i loko o ka hokele,ʻaʻole i mākaukau e lawe mai ia wale nō, me kana kane.

Manaʻo maikaʻi makuwahine Doroshevicha wale nō ma hope o 10 makahiki. Eia naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā kona paakiki kanawai, mńlualua i ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo me ka wahine, a lawe mai la ia i kekahi keiki haalele. Kēia Episode Ua haʻalele kona hoailona ma ka holoʻokoʻa hopena Doroshevicha. Ke theme like ana o ke kānāwai, akā, i nā keiki pōʻino ka mea, i mai huli mau.

Ma 7 makahiki o ka makahiki Vlas Doroshevich komo i ka Moscow kula helu 4. Over ka kekahi mau makahiki hoʻololi kekahi mau kula. Ka loa, he pono ole ke kumu no ka expulsion i kona mau hewa a me ka hana disrespect no nā lunakahiko, a me kaʻoi aʻe nō hoʻi. E ho'ōla ia i puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ka haumāna.

A schoolboy Vlas Doroshevich hoomaka ae la no ke kōkua 'ana me Kauhalenui nūpepa. Ka mua ka lehulehu ākea i loko o "Moscow Gazette" a me "St. Petersburg Nupepa".

By Doroshevichi e hiki mai nani

Kēia hiʻona Doroshevicha hana loaa ma ka pau 'ana o ke kenekulia XIX, ia ia i hoomaka ae la e hoolaha ma Odessa periodicals, ka hapanui me Humorous hana.

Mai 1902 a hiki i ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, mea, ke hana e like me ka luna hoʻoponopono o ka Nupepa "Lūkini hua'ōlelo", iā lākou ma ka luawai-ike hoʻopuka Sytin. I loko o ka pōkole wā Doroshevich i keia paiia o ka loa hanohano i loko o ke aupuni, i ka holo ana o "Lūkini hua'ōlelo" mua o nā mea a pau nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke.

I ka 1918 ua neʻeʻo ia i Sebastopol Vlas Doroshevich, Kawaihae o kona ola i loko o nā makahiki, ua pololei e pili ana me ka Crimea. He i i kākoʻo i ka counterrevolutionary neʻeʻana a me ka haʻalele i ka manawa o ka lehulehu ke ola a me ka journalism. I ka pau ana o ke Kanawai War, ia ia i ua seriously mai, i mai la i ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ka Soviet mana. He hoi aku la i Petrograd i ka 1921, kahi ona e waiho koke i make ai o keia manawa-hoouka kaua tuberculosis i loko o ka Crimea.

Humorous hana

Na wahi lulu journalism Doroshevich komo, kikokiko i Humorous moʻolelo. Mau hana ua pau mai ka makahiki 1881,ʻo ia paʻi ia ma "Moscow Gazette". Initially anonymously.

Ka mua ike moʻolelo Doroshevicha i kapaia "lawe hoopai". He Ua hookuu ia ia ma ke poʻo Magazine "Ke Ola". Kona mea kākau i helu Uncle Vlas. Ma ka ia periodical,ʻo ia i hoʻomaka i ka mea kākau o ka kolamu "Diary o ka loko." I ka mea, ua i lealea o ka "Notes i loko o" ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni Nikolaya Mihaylovskogo. Eia naʻe, poʻomanaʻo, 'o koke pani ia i loko o ka puke mua Doroshevich nema aku Lūkini journalism ku i ke kapikala, pono i hoopiiia ma ka hanaiia'na mai o ka hana mau mea.

A Doroshevich ii aku ai i kona makemake no ka Kuokoa a me ka unacceptability o ka ino journalism. Ma kēia mau ka lehulehu ākea uaʻoi noho pilikia memo, i ka hua'ōlelo ola a me ka maalea sarcasm e pili ana i ka mea hou Humorous moʻolelo a me nā paʻi puke hōʻike.

satires Doroshevicha

A nui kūlana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka Lūkini journalism ua hoʻokani Vlas Doroshevich. Satires i kākauʻia e ia ia, i mālie manaoia he kūlana kumu hoʻohālike i loko o kēia 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke. No keia mea, i hiki inoa kapakapa "ke alii o Humorous Ka Honua Nei."

He skillfully i houluuluia heʻano o nā Huli i - pili aupuni pepelu, Documentary puke, satirical monologue, a he nui na mea e ae. He hana i kona mau kaila "pōkole laina", mahalo no i ka huina hoonui loaa concise, kūlike loa a me ka hana mikiʻala. He haʻalele ia mea mahaloia ma ka manawa o ka verbosity, i alakaʻi ai ole wale na nā kānaka moʻolelo o ka manawa, akā, no hoi ma o ka mea kākau.

I ka manawa Doroshevicha nupepa Ana Aina, i ka par me ka nui Lūkini moʻokalaleo, hoalohaloha aku i ke akahele a me ka meticulous hana me ka olelo. Nui? Aieeeua Doroshevicha satirical 'atikala hoolilo i ka hale kiaka. Ma ia, kokua aku la oia i ka loina o ka realism i loko o ke akamai, ikaika nema aku ana i ka decadence, a ma ia manawa komo iloko a pau pae o ka kaiāulu.

Odessa manawa

I ka 1893 neʻe Doroshevich i Odessa. Eia ka mea lilo i ka columnist i loko o "Odessa lau" nui moku'āina Nupepa. No ka mea, o ka mea, ua laweʻia, mai ka puke mua, nema aku i ke poo o ke kulanakauhale. Ke resonance ua, no ka ikaika e hiki Doroshevichi i no kekahi manawa e haʻalele Odessa, a hoʻi i St. Petersburg.

Ma hope o 6 mahina, hoi aku la oia, a ua noke publishes kona satires Odessa a hiki i 1899. I ka papa kuhikuhiE Halaman, a oia uku hoʻolohe ia, o ka bureaucracy o ka luna ma luna o ka honua, no ko Pilisetia waha naaupo makemake o nā pāʻoihana a me ka poʻe kālepa e e kālā ma luna o nā mea a pau. I ka Ia manawa e hana koiʻo no ka hune o ka poe ilihune, a me ka holomua e holumua ai alakaʻi.

He 'aneʻi i o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o ka kemokalaka intelligentsia Vlas Doroshevich. ua 'Imi hoʻohana' ia ma ia Odessa'ōlelo i loko o skits, la oia i mahalo ia e Gorky. Naʻe, i ka mea ia manawa, he nui Contemporary moʻolelo nema aku no Doroshevicha cheeky kaila.

Mai ka 1895 Doroshevich kaʻina kānāwai i loko o "Odessa lau" e hoolaha hoike ma luna o lākou haole hele ana, e ka pukana i poe hanohano. He hele aku la i Amerika, kahi e hoouna satires lehulehu a me ka pepa (essay) e pili ana i ka kūloko bourgeois oi aku.

"Anecdotal manawa"

A luku ana mamuli o ka craftsmanship columnist ka mea ua kaulana Vlas Doroshevich - "Anecdotal manawa." Kēia satirical'āpana, i kākau 'ia ma 1905.

Ma ka mea, o ka mea kākau ikaika criticizes ikeaʻono wale nō ia i nā mea a pau a me na mea a pau, e hai aku ia he'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka. Ma nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o nā kupa, a ma waena o nāʻano o nāʻoihana o ka heluna kanaka. Ka Honua Nei ma Rusia i ka hoʻomaka o ka XX kenekulia, e like me Doroshevicha replaces vysokosvetskuyu akamai kamailio ana, ana i ka he pilikia i loko o ke aupuni. Akā, kela mea keia mea e imi i ka e lealea ana.

Ma ka palapala, ai soirees a? Eaia i ole nui haku mele a me kā lākou mau hana hou paha hana o ka panina mau mele, a me nā haku, e hai mai hawaiian moʻolelo. "A pau ke ola ua huli i ka paa Ka Honua Nei" - inoino nana ole aku haku ai.

"Ka hihia o ka cannibalism"

Kekahi luku lampoon, ka mea i kākau Vlas Doroshevich - "Ka hihia o ka cannibalism." I ka hana i wahi i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Zavihryayske. Ua pau i hoʻomaka me ka nalowaleʻana o ka policeman warden Siluyanova. Kona manawa lōʻihi hiki ole loaʻa, a me ka ia koke i ike i ke kalepa Semipudovy wehewehe ai ai Pie nalowale. Eia naʻe, i hanaʻia e hiki mai ana, aole e hoomanao no ka mea, ua nui loa ona. Ua koke e kali ana ma ka hoʻohuoiʻia o ka cannibalism.

Ma keia hihia, ka mea, ua maopopo i ka mea heluhelu i ke kaka meʻe ai pu, a me ka ole hoomakaukau i ke kālepa mincemeat o Siluyanova. Naʻe, i kekahi o nā huapalapala i loko o ka moʻolelo e i maopopo.

Ma keia hana Doroshevich ikaika criticizes i ka hana o ke kānāwai mākaʻi, e like me na Ahahookolokolo a me prosecutors. Ua hōʻike lākou piha incompetence a me ka naʻaupō. Bright hōʻike a me ka moku'āina kūlanakauhaleʻano. Missing Siluyanov ka hopena 'ōili mai, e ae aku i ka mea a pau i kēia manawa soundly ona. A me ka loa o kona momona a wehewehe i ke ala ka mea, ua huhu ia ia i ike ai i ka puke i loko o kekahi makaainana. Ma keia hiʻona 'atikala hōʻike he nui loa, ao ke ano o ka ke kaiāulu i ia manawa. Ma ka uuku satirical hana ka mea, uhi kumuhana o ka moʻomeheu, a me ka hoʻonaʻauao kānāwai mākaʻi, noho ma kēlā ola pilikia ana o kela mea keia mea o kēia mau mea.

Naʻe, i ka papa kuhikuhiE cia o kēia mau satirical 'atikala i i palapala no ka mea heluhelu a me kekahi pae o ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana e maopopo i ka Quotes, a me ka mea kākau o ka manao o na mea a me ka mea kākau, a me handymen. Kēia hanana hoolaʻi hana Doroshevicha.

"Kaupaʻa"

Special noonoo ma kona hana Doroshevich uku huakaʻi i Sakhalin. Aia, hele aku la ia i loko o 1897, e hana ana i loko o ka "Odessa lau". A me ia, ua hele aku la a me ka hoahewa ia hana. I ka hopena o keia hele ana ua i ka (essay), ka mea kākau o ka i ua Doroshevich Vlas - "kaupaʻa". Ka mea, ua oiaio ho'ākāka ka a pau ke ola o ka hana. A me ka hapanui o importantly - i ka weliweli a me ka manao e kali ia ma luna o Sakhalin. Aʻaʻole wale na pio, akā, i noa o kūloko nā kupa.

Doroshevich hai he wahi lihi iki o ka moʻolelo e pili ana i ka hewa no ka i ka au mamuli hōʻike ma ke ola o kanaka o wau iuka nei convicts.

I ka 1903, oia 'ohi i ka mea i loko o ka hookahi buke o nā pepa (essay) "Sakhalin", a pâʻani' o ia i ke kūlana i loko o ke kahua o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni e hoʻolaha ma luna o ka Ewa o 1905. Book banned a confiscated, akā, i ka mimiki i holo ai mamua.

Doroshevich a "Lūkini hua'ōlelo"

Ka loa kaulana Doroshevich loaʻa ma ka hana ana ma ka "Lūkini hua'ōlelo". I ka 1902, lilo 'o ia kona luna hoʻoponopono, e hoʻoponoʻia o ka Western Europa type. Kēia nūpepa i lilo i ka loa nuipa a-holo periodicals ma Rusia.

Ka ike ole ia o ka pomaikai ua haʻahaʻa waiwai e lilo aku, kiʻekiʻe ka hoʻokōʻana a me nā mōlina. Eia hou Doroshevicha ma "Lūkini hua'ōlelo" kakau iho Giljarovsky, Nemirovich-Danchenko a me ka amphitheater.

Lilo hoʻoponopono Doroshevich i kauoha mai ai ma kela a me keia Oihana o ke kanaka? Aaiuo eaa, e like me ka mea i hanaʻia i loko o nā nūpepa oʻEnelani a me Farani. Ma ke poo o kela Oihana i waiho ai i ka kaʻawale hoʻoponopono. O na mea e hana ana i ka lā hoʻomaka me ke kakahiaka hoʻolālā mau halawai e kūkākūkā hana lapuwale kou akamai a me ka resonance hanaia ma ka hope kekahi.

Helu i hooholoia e kakau e pili ana i 22 hola, akā, i ka polokalamu kūkala nūhou 'ana ka pilina i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoopuka ana mai i ka 4 ka hora i loko o ke kakahiaka. Ua Ua ai kauoha aku e hoʻokō launaʻole i ka manawa responsiveness.

Na mea kuka, he e hookupaa Doroshevicha correspondent-oaio? A ma ka nui kulanakauhale o Rusia.

I ka hopena o ke kipi Doroshevicha

I ka 1917 Doroshevich i noho ai i loko o Petrograd. Ma ia manawa oia i ua mua seriously maʻi a wale kēlā wā i kēia wā haʻi'ōlelo ma luna o nā kānaka moʻolelo haole o yesteryear. Ka hopena o ka FaraniʻOiʻenehana, ike aku la ia i ka lono kaumaha a me kona laʻana i ho'āʻo ana e ao aku ia oukou i kona wā, i mea e lawe mai i nā hanana o ka Okatoba kipi.

Ma mua,ʻo ia ua ku i ke kipi, e olelo ana ma o ka ahakanaka nema aku ana i nā manaʻo o Lenin, a me ka Bolsheviks. Hope, aka, ia i ike i ka Soviet mana, a me ka Soviet Union i konaʻeleu i paiia. Akā, ma hope o ka'opi o ka Union o kana mau hana pono'ī nalowale mai na shelves.

keiki Doroshevicha

Noiʻi Ua kaulana he nui hopena, a Doroshevich i ma Lūkini moʻokalaleo a me ka journalism. , Ae waiho nei i loko o ka ulu ana o na mea he nui journalistic Huli i, he hou e hoʻokokoke iā ia. Ua pili pakahi aku la ia i ka 'atikala.

Kona mau kaila "pōkole laina" He kūlana kumu hoʻohālike no na mea he nui o kona wā a me ka hope lilo.