Ahi makika, o na ohia: lapaau. Maʻi o na ohia

Ohia - keia mea kekahi o ka loa hanohano mala laau, o kahi mea kuaiia ma ka mala no ka mea, o ka hua ono a me ka ola. Naʻe, i kēia mea he mahiai mea kanu, e like a pau na mea e ae, He malalo o ia i ka laulāʻano o ka maʻi. Kekahi o ka loa formidable o ka makika, o na ohia. Lapaʻau i e lōʻihi lawa, a mai haawi pono result, o ka oi aku ina oe e hoʻohana i ke ao laau e ku e ia mea koʻohune nā mea palahēhē. mala pinepine lilo aku he wahi lihi iki o ka manawa ma luna o kēia mau mea lapuwale manipulation, a me ka wā e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea a lakou e hana nei, e hoola i ka laau o ia o ko Hawaiʻi moku.

He aha ka ahi makika,

Ua nui na mala mai i ike pehea e ike i kēia weliweli maʻi, no ke aha la losing i ka hailona o ka manawa, a me ka manawa, he mea uuku wale, e hoola i ka laau i mea. I waena o kēia mau maʻi o ka noho pilikia loa ka ahi makika, o na ohia. Lapaʻau hilinaʻi nui ma pehea koke ka pololeiʻike, e like me ka pono me, ina paha he mea i loko o ka wahi koke o nā lāʻau i hiki lilo ua hoʻohaumiaʻia. I ka lā, ua i poe akamai i na mea he nui ana i ka 'imi i ka hoʻokō' ana i ka hana ana me ia, akā, ma muli naʻe o keia, i ka maʻi mau, e luku aku i nā mahinaʻai.

First ahi makika, i 'akomi i loko o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia. Ma hope ma kahi o 150 makahiki i ka maʻi ua palahalaha ae ma ka'āinapuniʻole. Ano ka mea, ua loaʻa ma ke ao nei, mau emptying nā mahinaʻai. A pau honua māhele o ka mea kanu e loli ai ke ahi makika, o na ohia. Lapaʻau e hoʻomaka i ka wā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, ole ia paha,ʻaʻole e pono.

symptoms

He aha ka ahi makika,? Ke kaʻina hoʻomaka ma ka inflorescences a koke uhi i ka laau holoʻokoʻa i loko o kona olelo e lilo. Hoʻokō 'ole' ia lŘlŘ twigs a me ka hua hou ana iho. I ka waiʻoe, e mālama ana i ka maʻi 'aʻole hoʻi ia i ka puka o nā'ōpuʻu, i blacken, hoomaloo no mai, akā, e mai e haule iho la, akā, hoʻomau i paʻa ma luna o lala. I ka wā o ka maʻi hahau i ka laau i ka manawa o ka flowering, ia e kekahi poeleele hoi, a mae waihoʻoluʻu. Lohi hoʻomaka e blacken na opiopio a me ka lau, ka mea, e aukukū pu, akā, koe ma ka wahi. Ia mea ke kumu o ka maʻi ua kapaia "Antonov ke ahi." Ohia ku nei e like me ka mōhaiʻeleʻele, lifeless, akā, me ka mea a pau i nā pua, hua, a me na lau.

Next, ka maʻiʻaʻai kolo ana i lalo i ka barela. Haʻohaʻo ai, pehea e hana ahi makika, o na ohia, ka mea i ano e Hawaiʻi moku i keia kahua, akā, ia mea, e ho'āʻo e hoola i ke koena o ka mahinaai i ka lāʻau 'ē aʻe i ole, waiho wale aku i ka hookahi hopena ke kumukuai. Ma kēia kahua, oe ke ike pehea ka pńpa hoopalupalu. Ua kulu hou nō keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele o, ka mea, i kapaʻia exudate. Ka wauke a puni ka auaaeaiea o ka makahiki he kiʻiona kumu, a me ka hōʻike i ka ula-mea eleele kohu. O na nā'aʻaʻa a i hahau maʻiʻaʻai, hoʻomaka e flake, blister. Ma ka laau i hana ulcers.

kumu o ka

No laila, he aha ke kumu ahi makika, o na ohia? Lapaʻau hiki e pōmaikaʻi wale ia makou i ike pono i ka mea a mākou i Hana. Ke causative Agena o ka maʻiʻaʻai ka koʻohune Erwinia amylovora. Ka mea, ana mai o ka hoʻomanawanui a hiki i ka laau ola, me ka lōpū humidity a me ka wela i ka loa ano aʻe no ka hooulu ana o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Pela ka mea,ʻaʻohe makahiki hoʻohaiki ana o ka laha o ka maʻi.

Maʻi'ōpio ohia halawai me pinepine me ka maʻi puʻuwai a kahiko hua laau. Ka luna exudate 'ano apau loa lahilahi pae paha i lawe i maʻalahi e ka makani. Ua i aku la ia mea? Aaeaao pathogens, a 'o ia hoʻi i ka maʻi koke e loli ai na mea a pau. Ke oi pono no ka hooulu ana o ka maʻiʻaʻai nō i nā pua, ka mea ia e hoʻomōhala ai, a mau kona kuamoo ma ka laau. Ia mea, o ka luawai - kekahi manawa, i ka wa o ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai mea nui loa.

Emi olelo, i ka maʻiʻaʻai i loaʻa i loko o ka mea kanu me ke kōkua o ka ua. Nā koʻohune ola mahope aku o ka hooilo i loko o ka ohia, a me ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ke kupulau o Keoni a kona ulu ana. By hapalua like-ke kau, oe e ike ia auoiaea nō kulu mai. Ia mea, o ka pōʻaiapuni ia hana hou. Loa kākaʻikahi, ka maʻiʻaʻai ia lŘlŘ ma ka pakui ole ma ka hana no ka pahi. Ka maʻiʻaʻai hiki e ho'īli pū ma nā mea kolo, aphids, nalo meli, a me ka nahu wasps.

Kāohi

E mālama i ke kukui, mai ke ahi makika,, ia mea e pono ke malama i kekahi mau rula. Ka mua ka mea e malama i Hoʻomaʻemaʻe i loko o ka wahi, huki mai i ka hihiu mea kanu. He oi loa oiaio o hawthorn, i mea pinepine he hotbed o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Loa nui manawa e e aaioee o ka hua ulu, like pests i loa leʻaleʻa o ia i ka laau, e like me ka ohia. Maʻi o na lau - ka mea, i ka mea wale pilikia ia e hali. Ma kona hulu e hoopuni komo i loko o kou kīhāpai a me ke ahi makika, pathogens.

lapaʻau

Poe akamai i paipai i kekahi mau 'ano i' oe ke hoʻohana i ka hakakā i kēia maʻi. Kēlā me kēia no ia i ua ho'āʻo olalo i na manawa a me ka mea he pono. I ka Ia manawa ka mea, a pau i kā lākou mau pros a me ka hooluolu mai ia, no laila, e pono e akahele ke kaumaha i ka ike kamepiula a me ka pomaikai. Mākou e kaumaha e kōkua hoola i ka makika, aoao ekolu.

'ano'ē hana o Hana me ka maʻi

Inā 'oe e ma ka paena ulu he wahi lihi iki o ka hua laau, a me kekahi o ia mau mea oe e hauʻoli o ka hoʻomaka koke ka ulu' symptoms, ia mea pono e koke kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o ka mea. i ke koena o ke kīhāpai no laila, e mālama. Ma keia hihia, ina o ka pōʻino, ua make 'āpana mea emi o 30%, e hiki ke ho'āʻo e wehe a pau o ka loli wahi, i ola'aʻaʻaʻoki ma 20-40 knm ma lalo o ka hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi. Mahope, aaioee ua koi 'ia e paka hana pono e 70% waiʻona' ole 10% keleawe sulufahate.

I Ua ike no ina oe hulina hoʻomaopopo i loko o kou kihapai na hoailona o ka makika,, hana i ka wehe 'ana i nā mea a pau hihiu mea kanu a me ka laau uuku, e like me kanaka Farani e māla pests, e pale hou maʻiʻaʻai.

Lapaʻau me antibiotics

'O kēia ka loa ka hoʻokō hana, a ua loa pinepine waiho aku i ka pono o ka poe akamai i. I mea e kiʻi pohaku uinihepa, o keia laau hahau, hoʻohana i ka loa, he pono ole "Streptomycin". A, i ka hoʻohana 'ana o antibiotics i loko o ka ulu manawa pono o ka loa ka hoʻokō. Kēia lāʻau hiki ke kuai lilo mai i loko o maʻamau kauka holoholona hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka nui o na huewai ili o 500 tausani. Units. loa ho'āmana.

hiki ke hoʻohana ' "Streptomycin" me ka hōʻemi iki lesion. Laʻau heluna - kekahi ampoule o 5 nā lika, ka mea e e lawa i ka lawelawe laau ui he kakini. Ka maikai manawa no kēia kaʻina hana - May, June. I keia manawa, hoi e pana aku ulu koke, a ua aaioee e ia he maikai loa Kāohiʻana. E hana hou i ke kaʻina hana na koina 2-3 pule, a ma hope o kēlā kaumaha ka ua, o ka oi aku ka huahekili.

Ua ua i haawiia'ku ai i ka "Streptomycin" oi ma mua o 3 manawa hana ma ka lālani. A ma hope o kekahi mau nohoʻana i ka hoʻololiʻana i stimulants o hoʻonele - he "fitosporin", "Immunotsitofit", "silika", "Zircon", a me ka nui 'ē aʻe ai'. Eia hou, i kekahi hana e lawe 2 o na papa io o kekahi tetracycline kauka holoholona hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua hoi hiki ke ia ka pono i loko o 5 nā lika o ka wai.

I loa hoopii, e hiki ho'āʻo injections "Streptomycin" ma lalo o ka wauke. No ka hapanui o ka mea hoʻohuli ai i nā wahi e wae, e oki ia, a laila, puni hana i ka maʻamau ka pahu kui.

Nine ohe.

I kēia lā, i nā waihona waiwai ke kaumaha aku ai oe i ka nui koho o versatile, antimicrobials, i nā loa paha, e kōkua ina iho mailoko o na ohia. Maʻi o ka lau, hua, heʻano o pests - kēia mau mea a pau, he mau pilikia e hiki ke wehe pilikia loa wale. Eia naʻe, he ahi makika, - ia mea he iki kaʻawale hana 'ia.

Hoikehonua, fungicides, koe wale no ka keleawe-hanau ana, i kokoke ole ia ma luna o kona causative konohiki, a 'o ia hoʻi i keia hana, e i uuku ai. Ua nui na mala hoʻohana Bordeaux ukuhiia. Aaioee ua hana ma hope o lau, i kakahiaka nui luawai, a laila, mau hou aku manawa, a hiki i ka manawa i nininiʻia aku. Naʻe, i kēia hale hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no Kāohiʻana wale nō. Inā ka maʻiʻaʻai ua palahalaha ae, ka mea, koe wale nō eʻoki i ka loli wahi, a me ka ho'āʻo e hoola i ke koena o ka laau. Make kanu a kanaka lālā e ke ahi.

Other na maʻi

Eia naʻe, ke ahi makika, - mea ole ka mea wale pilikia no ka mala. Ano, e kaʻike mea'ē aʻe he mea maʻi ohia lau, a kaua aku me ia. Common maʻi mea he pehu pala. He He mea koʻohune maʻi e pepehi i ka lau, pua a me nā hua. Nā lau e haule iho la, crack hua. Ka maʻi hiki no hoi e alakai ai i ka make a me ka Pakeleʻana, akā, laila ia mea maikaʻi, e wehe. Pehu pala, ka hua popoʻole - he maʻi o ka ohia hua i ka mea maikai lawa i ka pono. Popoʻole kahi mea akaka ma luna o ka hua i loko o ka palapala brownish mau kiko ma ka ili o.

E hakakā pehu pala hoʻohana lauʻawa o ka Bordeaux läÿau, a me ke keleawe oxychloride. Oe Pono e hoʻomaka lapaau mua flowering. A lua o ka manawa, e lawe mai i kēia kaʻina hana e waiho i ka ovary nā'ōpuʻu, ma hope o flowering, a laila, mau pule ma hope o ia. Ke alo o ka hua popoʻole ka mea pono oi ikaika hoʻopololei - ao fungicide "Inta-Vir."

Mai mea'ē aʻe e mālama ana i ka hua laau (na ohia)? Maʻi i mea i ka noho pilikia loa, e pono e ike i ka lawe i ka mea ana i ka manawa. Kekahi maʻi like nui ua manaoia e powdery ka punahelu. Hoi e pana aku, lau, pua - a pau loli spores o keia fungus parasite. Ka iho mailoko o kanu wahi i ino, ovary haule. Ma keia hihia, ke fungus höʻike hemolele, a hiki loa i ka loa loa winters.

No ka mea Kāohiʻana a me ka hana o ka powdery he mae wale ka hoʻohana 'ana "fundazol" a me "Sulfite". E hoʻomanaʻo i ka fungus hohola pono loa iloko o ke kuaua ino, no laila, he maikaʻi, e pana aku au i kekahi mau kūlana kanaka. Good kōkua mai he mae wale läÿau, he antibiotics: "Penicillin", "Streptomycin" a me ka "Terramycin" i loko o ka lākiō o ka 1: 1. Pinepine oe ke ike ma ka ohia ka popo, ao alohilohi i-mea eleele mau kiko ma luna o lau a me nā hua. Kū'ē i kēia maʻi Pono e hoʻohana wai Bordeaux pāʻoihana.

ka papa kuhikuhiE pests

E koho ma mua o wau kaʻina, pono e komo i ka hui o nā ka Anati-insect pests. Ka mea, i i nui poino, ma ka hou, e nā moku halihali mokulele o kela mea koʻohune ka maʻi. Kēia hahai Aporia Crataegi a me kaʻeleʻele ukuia, palena ai i ka mu a me ka gallic ukuia, tick na ohia, na ohia sawfly a me na ohia weevils, e like me na mea e ae. I mea e hoʻopale 'mai kēia mau maikaʻiʻole nō ia a pau, nui e lawelawe i ka mahinaʻai systemic insecticide e like me "Decis", "Calypso" a me ka "bisque".

e hōʻuluʻulu

Maʻi e like me ke ahi makika,, powdery he mae wale, huaʻole, a maloko hiki koke hōʻole i nā mea a pau vshu hana i loko o ka mahinaʻai. E e lawe prophylactic lapaau mau mai, a, ina he pono, e lawe ana i ka mea kokololio pono a me ka lapaau. A pau o na mea paahana a me nā kiʻina hana i pinepine ae la oia ho'āʻo, kā lākou laulā ua maopopo, pela e hiki ole kanalua hana ia ma luna o lākou kauwela neoneo. Universal noaia - he kāohi lapaau i loko o ka Akuma ka, ma hope o lau haule ana, a laila, lele, koke ala mai ma hope, a laila, ma hope o flowering. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO keia mea lawa e hooluolu oe me ka mahinaʻai a pau ka makahiki a pau.