Alana Platonovich Platonov: Kawaihae a me ka hana, kiʻi

I waena o nā mea kākau aia no kekahi poe nona ka hana, 'aʻole' ike no ko lakou mau ola, no ka mea, aole ia e e ike i ka manao o kona manawa. Akā, e lawe makahiki paha makahiki, a me kā lākou mau hana, ua pono lakou wahi i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka moʻokalaleo. Mau kākau moʻolelo nā Platonovich Andrei Platonov Kawaihae a mea o ka hihia ma ka wahi. He Ua noho i ka pilikia ke ola. Kona makakū hana ua loaa ia lakou hahau ana ma hope loa. A wale nō i loko o ka 80-ies o XX kenekulia i ka global iaia ka mea, ua hiki mai.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Alana Platonovich Platonov, nona Kawaihae hoʻomaka i ka 1899, i hānauʻia i loko o ka ohana hune a me na keiki ia hoonoho ai i locksmith Klimentova (maoli inoa Platonov) i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Voronezh. keiki ka hoʻopaʻi ua bleak ma na aoao. Mau pono a me ka pili ana o na hoahanau a me na kaikuahine hoʻoikaika i ka keiki ma ka makahiki o ka 14 makahiki, e hoʻomaka hana ma ke alahao wahi i ku ai me kona makua kāne. Aiaʻo ia e hoʻomōhala ana i kekahiʻano o nāʻoihana kahuna, ai.

Education Andrei Rakhmanov loaa i loko o ka parochial kula, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'au e hana ana ma ke koa,ʻo ia aʻo, a hana ma ka laua. Ua paipai i ke ahiahi, i loko o ka pilikia kulana, kokua i ka ohana, oia aole nalowale i kona makewai no kaʻike, akā, e aho e aʻo hou oihana no ka iho, a aʻo. A puni ka ia manawa ia i hoomaka ai ka makakū hana Alana Platonovich. Maoli ai, no ka paakiki hana ma ke koa e like me ke koa ia iho, nō waiho i loko o nā manaʻo o ke kanaka'ōpiopio, a laila, pinepine ikea ma kana hana.

Hana a me ka moʻokalaleo

Next, Alana Platonovich Platonov, Kawaihae a me ka hana makakū mea ma ka loa kakahiaka manawa i pili loa intertwined me ka paakiki a me ka pilikia ke ola,ʻo ia i hoʻomaka e hana fruitfully me he kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa a me ka mea kākau. I ka Ia manawaʻo ia i aʻo i ka Voronezh Polytechnic University, a hana ma ka alahao wahi. Kanalua palapala, ai 'tālena mea maopopo loa i keia manawa. Ka malamalama hele mai o kona ohi ana o poem "Blue ka hohonu" (1922).

Pōkole Kawaihae Platonova Andreya Platonovicha mau me kona ola i keia manawa ua pololei e pili pū ana i ka hana no ka pomaikai o ka Voronezh aina. He nō aole i hooki i ka hana ma ke alahao noaioee, ma ka hou, aina icai? Hana. Kona pono kīvila i like me nā pono kīvila o na mea he nui ui kanaka. He makemake e hoʻololi i ke ao nei, manaʻoʻiʻo i loko oʻanoʻenehana holo. He hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o kūlana uʻi a maximalism, a ua pono nana ma, a me kana mau palapala, ai' hana.

Surprisingly, ke hana la oia i i hoʻopoina e pili ana i ke kākau 'ana. ua piha o ka ia kūlana uʻi a extremism a me ka manaoio maʻanoʻenehana holo kona moʻolelo, akā, mai hoʻopoina e pili ana ia, a he kanaka maoli kauhale no lakou iho. Eia hou, oia 'Imi kākau no nā nūpepa a me nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke ma Voronezh, e paʻiʻia ma ka nūpepa Moscow.

Kawaihae Platonova Andreya Platonovicha nō piha o ka kaiāulu hoihoi o nā palapala, ai 'haʻawina, oia publishes kona mau moʻolelo e pili ana i ke kauhale "ma ka hōkū Desert" (1921), a "Chuldik a me Epishka" (1920). Akā,ʻo kona inventive manao 'Imi hoikeia ma ke kākau' ana a me nā hualoaʻa ma ka 'epekema fiction moʻolelo a me nā novels: "nā mamo o ka Sun" (1922), "Markun" (1922) "Moonlight pōkā pahū" (1926).

Moscow

E hoomau i ka hoomakaukau mai i kekahi manawa pōkole Kawaihae Platonova Andreya Platonovicha. I ka makahiki 1927,ʻo ia a me kona ohana neʻe i ke kulanakauhale o Moscow. Ke hoʻoholo ua maopopo ike, Platonov na lau hana ma ke alahao ku, a lilo loa ka palapala, ai ka hana.

Hoohua ana i ka palapala, ai ha e lawe ana i ka hua, a me ka malamalama hele mai i ka moʻolelo "Epifanskie I HOOKUMUIA I", i hope haawi kona inoa a hiki i ka pau ohi o ka moʻolelo a me nā kaʻao. Ma na hana o ia au i ou wahi lihi iki o ka hoʻohalahala aku o ka lanakila o Rusia i ia manawa. Kākau unvarnished nānā 'kona kūlana uʻi a idealist a me maximalist wale, nema aku ana ia ia iho.

Ma waho aʻeo ka noʻonoʻo loi o ka nohona lole o ka manawa Platonov'ōlelo ikaika o radicalism i loko o ka papahele, ma keia pili ana, me ka malamalama e hele mai i ka pepelu "Antiseksus" (1928). Eia ka mea kākau ridicules ka Socialist manao o non-physical ke aloha i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka socially maikaʻi kēia haʻawina. Ka mea kākau Ke kulana wiwo ole i olelo ia ma ka mana a me kona manao.

I ka Ia manawa i hana i kekahi ihola ia hanana kaila Platonov, i ke kumu nui hiʻona o ka a, surprisingly, ia mea he elelo-i nākiʻiʻia, a directness ana o na olelo a me nä hopuna. Manawa a hiki i kēia kekahi, a me ka oiaio hanana kaila hua'ōlelo e huli i ka mea heluhelu kona oiaio ano. Similar kela ano keia ano, e kākau ole hou, i kekahi i loko o Lūkini moʻokalaleo.

Ma waho aʻeo ia kaila, Platonov hoʻololi semantic ke keʻena o ka lakou mau hana. Ano, i ka mua maximalism, a me ka manaoio i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ka malamalama lakou e hee aku i ka philosophical kona manaopaa no ke ano o ke ola mau loa. Ku I o Platonov ka hana i nā akua, mehameha, kanaka, e hele, eccentrics, inventors, loko ona, eccentric loner huli.

Ma keia aa koko Kawaihae Platonova Andreya Platonovicha? Acaeoey? A ua lewa i loko o ka paʻiʻia ma ka manawa o kona peni hana - i loko o ka moʻolelo "Yamskaya Sloboda" i ka makahiki 1927, no ka laʻana. He Heʻano o ka olelo hoopomaikai a hiki i kona kahiko lepohao kaila, akā, hooponopono hou a reworked ma lalo o ka aoao o ka mea hou akeakamai. "Grado" i 1928 - mea he satire ma Soviet bureaucracy. "Hana Man" i 1928 no ke hele ke kanaka i Hōʻike 'ana ma i ku ei ka backdrop o ka ooloku kivila kaua. Ma kēia mau hana Platonov outlines i kona manaopaa algorithm o ke ola ike loa maopopo he kanaka ka ola, kona fragility a me intimacy o ka ia'na.

Noʻonoʻo loi a me kāna hana

He mea känalua 'ia i ka manawa i kēia Ana Aina, i i ike ia e na Aupuni. Iwi koke, Alana Platonovich Platonov, kona Kawaihae, a no laila, i ole Ua loa oluolu, ua mai o ka hana ma ke kākau 'ana. Ua a pau, hoomaka ae la ia me ka mea i ke kulekele ma ka pili ana i ka moʻokalaleo nunui puakai, i coincided me ka lehulehu ākea o ka (essay) "Che-Che-O" a me ka moʻolelo "Usomnivshiysya haku ai" i ka 1929, ma hope a Plato i hoopiiia o individualist anarchism. Ua 'Aʻole e kakau hou. Hoʻololi i ke kulana hiki ole o Maxim Gorky, i a Plato hoopii no ke kōkua.

Haunted mea kākau a me ka wahi lulu pilikia. Kona ohana i loihi ua hoonele ia o ko lākou mau wahi i noho ai a me keia mea, hoʻoikaika ihola i ka lōʻihi manawa e auwana auanei lakou ma ka eiaaioa? Keʻena. Ua ua wale i ka 1931, loaʻa he paʻa hale - he outbuilding ma ka hale ma luna o Tverskoy Boulevard. I kēia lā ia mea he palapala, ai ' Institute kapaʻia ma hope o Herzen. Hard wa a me ka rejection o na Aupuni, a papa, i ka hopena maikaʻi 'ole ma ke kahua o ka' ohana.

tireless limahana

I loko nō o ka ka manaʻo pohihihi a pau huki ikaika, Platonov mau i ka hana ma ka puke "Chevengur", akā, oiaio puke ma ka malamalama pilikia e kuu i ka manawa. He hiki wale i loko o ka makahiki 1971, ma Paris, o ka mea kākau o ka make ma hope.

Ka maʻiʻo o ka puke hōʻike ana i ka utopian kamaʻilio Chevengur a me ke ola i loko o kona mau huapalapala, ka poe i hele mai i ka hope o hele loa a me ka popilikia. Life i loko o ke kaiaulu maoli hemolele, a pau ua pomaikai lakou, a ua like. Just ua luku he mea hiki ole ka ike i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ka poe koa, a me ka poe koa, ka poe i luku mai i na kanaka a pau, a me ke kulanakauhale me luawai. Romance a me nā mea a pau i ka mea, ua hanaia - ia mea he manaʻo o ka ike maopopo, i mea Plato. O ka holo ana, ke ike maopopo mea,ʻaʻole no laila rosy me mākou makemake, akā,ʻo Kīwala'ō ma waena o ka loa tangible. Eia hou, i ka puke Platonov aʻole e lilo kona hui kālepa wahine paha, a me ka 'ōlelo. Kekahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e olelo aku i keia ano o ka hōʻike mea e holomua, a ālai 'ia' o ka huina hoonui i ka moʻolelo laina.

kanakolu

Alana Platonovich Platonov, kona Kawaihae ua pili loa ua hoʻopili i nā hoʻololi pili aupuni i loko o ka'āina, loa maopopo i hōʻike ai i kona mau palapala, ai 'talena ma ka ke kanakolu o ka iwakalua kenekulia. I ka 1930, Platonov kuu i kona nui masterpiece - ka moʻolelo "lua", a e e pai ia no ka manawa mua wale i ka 1987. Kēia Socialist dystopia, i kāna moʻolelo o ka nele industrialization, i ka lono kaumaha'opi o ka communism a me kona manao. Ma ka moʻolelo, kahi o ka hale i kūkuluʻia i ka like lua kupapau. Brodsky i kākau i Plato i hoʻouna 'ia iho au' ōlelo.

fractures

Ia manawa, i ka nohona pilikia i loko o ke aupuni e puakai, ka mea, i ole e pakele mai a me Platonov. I ia manawa, ua paʻi i kona moʻolelo "ma ka hale kūʻai", a wehewehe i ka nele collectivization, e like me ka moʻolelo o "ioni? Makani" i Anati-fascist Halaman. Eia naʻe, ka mea mua i loaa i hoʻohalahala auhau o Stalin, i nele i ka lua, e hana i kona kanawai. Alana Platonovich Platonov, kona Kawaihae, a no laila, i ka mea kākau mea,ʻaʻole hauʻoli hauʻoli i ka manawa maopopo, hou malalo i ka hoomaau ana. He Ua pani hou i kikokiko ai.

Ma ka hapalua like-ke kanakolu o ka iwakalua kenekulia, Ua piha o ka pilikia i keia wahi i ka manawa Alana Platonovich Platonov, he pōkole Kawaihae, kākau ka hapanui i loko o ka papa, no ka mea, ua i paʻi.

Na mea a pau ma luna o ka papa

I loko nō o kēia,ʻo ia hana i ka hailona a me ka hua nui. Created puke "Happy Moscow" apana "o ka leo o kona makua kāne." He palapala iho la i na 'atikala ma ka palapala, kākau moʻolelo o kekahi e like me Pushkin, Paustovsky, Akhmatova, Greene, Hemingway a me na mea e ae. Next, e ho okumu i ka moʻolelo "nā 'ōpio Sea", ka theme likeʻaneʻi mea kokoke i ke "kahua lua" a me ka "Chevengur", alaila, he mea kekahi hula - "Jukebox".

Ma kana mau hana Platonov ua neʻe aku, mai lawelawe nīnūnē, a i loaa mai i ka uhane inā pilikia ka haumāna a me nā dramas. He palapala iho la i ka pau moʻo o lyrical pōkole moʻolelo, a me "ka River Potudan" "Aphrodite" a me ka "Clay House i loko o ka moku'āina mala" a me ka "Frau". Eia ka mea kākau hoʻohuiʻana paha i ka manaʻoʻike hōʻikeʻia nani o nā huapalapala, he hohonu heluhelu ana i ka ke kūapoʻana i ka mea kākau o ironic e pili ana i ke aloha.

UaʻO maopopo i ka mea kākau moʻolelo i ole he maʻalahi inoa Alana Platonovich Platonov Kawaihae. No na keiki, i palapala iho la oia, a me ka loa ana, he kumu nui no keia - ka moʻolelo o "hua" o ke aloha a me ka orphanhood.

I ka makahiki 1933-35 holo ÿana i Turkmenistan Alana Platonovich Platonov. Pōkole Kawaihae o ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoʻomaopopo 'o ia e pili ana i keia. Ma lalo o nā nā manaʻo o ka huakaʻi, i palapala mai ai i ka moʻolelo "Jan" ma ke ano nona i ka lawelawe pōʻino me ka hou lyrical memo. Vivid 'ana e haʻalele o ka hopuna'ōlelo, a hiki zvukopis i loko o keia hana e ia i surprisingly waiwai a me ka rhythmic.

E puhiʻoukou ma ka puupuu

I ka 1937, āna i manaʻo ai i ka nāwaliwali ike aweawea aku i ka hana o ka mea kākau ma ka inoa o Alana Platonovich Platonov. Kawaihae, he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo no i ua hoʻonoho mai i loko o ka 'atikala, ia ka puaʻa hanana no ia. Mea kākau publishes i ka ohi ana o kona pōkole nā moʻolelo "Ka River Potudan". Akā, i ka mea kākau i ka 'upu' ka mea,ʻaʻole halawai. Collection i nema aku. Eia hou, i ka 1938, e ku e wale nō ke keiki a Platonov i fabricated hihia, a ua hopuʻia ke kanaka.

kaua

Iloko o ke kaua, Alana Platonovich Platonov, Kawaihae, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo mai ke ola i ua mau hoihoi i loko o kona mau kânaka, lilo he correspondent o ka Nupepa "Red Star". Akā, iʻaneʻi, i kona moʻolelo "Family Ivanov" Ua kauoha ikaika'ōhumu mai, a ua ike e'alapahi kēlā i ka Soviet ohana.

Ka hope makahiki o kona ola

Ma hope o ke kaua, Alana Platonovich Platonov, Kawaihae, kiʻi a me nā mea o ke ola i hele aku ai i na mamo, a me ka hiki ole e ponoʻole i loko o ka moʻokalaleo. Ma ka hoao e hoʻomaopopo i nā realities o ke ola, palapala iho la oia likeʻole ma luna o Lūkini hoolaʻi kaʻao. Eia hou,ʻo ia i hana i ka hula "Noa ka pahu". Naʻe, i ka manawa 'aʻole i haawi ia ia i ka manawa e lilo i mea mahaloia ma kona wā e ola. I ka 1951, Platonov make mai tuberculosis, mailoko o ia e kana keiki, ka mea i hookuu, mai ke kahi hoʻomoana.

iaia

Platonov ia i ike ia e kona mau wā. Eia naʻe, ma ka makahiki 1980, i kona maikaʻi loa originality, kena ae la ia i nā hualoaʻa a hoihoi. Kona mea kupaianaha i ka'ōlelo a me ka kaila o ka hōʻike, e like me ka pono me ka pilikia ola huakaʻi hope i loaʻa i kona mau admirers, a ua hoʻomaopopo ai. 'Oiai,ʻaʻole i paʻi ma luna o ka mea, he nui wale o na hana o Platonov i keia la.