Alpha-adrenergic agonists: hōʻike, noi, rula

Agonists mea he pūʻulu o ai ', i ka hopena o ka i pili me ka stimulation o adrenergic receptors aia i loko o ka na nā loko, a me ka vascular pā. All adrenoceptors e māheleʻia i loko o kekahi mau hui ke kaumaha ma muli o ka IIeEeAIEUAA mediated kanawai, a me ka hiki, e hana pono a pau o ia me ka hana 'ona. Alpha-agonists noho haumāna kahi kanawai ma Alpha-adrenergic receptors, e kauoha ana i kekahi mau 'pane o ke kino.

He aha mea he Alpha-adrenergic receptors

A1-adrenoceptors aia ma luna o ka ili honua membranes o aeee i loko o ka synapse pane i ka norepinephrine, a ua hoʻokuʻuʻia nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale o ka postganglionic neurons o ke aloha o ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE ma na arteries o ka poe liilii, caliber. mea loaʻa stimulation ke kumu no vasospasm, hypertension, hoemiia permeability o ka arterial paia, hoemi i ka hoikeana o hoʻoʻino reactions i loko o ke kino.

A 2-adrenergic receptors aia mawaho o ka synapses ma ka presynaptic halepaahaoʻili lahilahi. Pane koke i ka hana o ka noradrenaline a me ka adrenaline. mea loaʻa stimulation ke kumu no ka backlash, a ua hoikeia mai ma ka hypotension a me ka vascular hoʻomaha.

General 'ike e pili ana i adrenomimetikami

Alpha- a me Hoʻokolohua-agonists, i mea kū kaʻawale pili me ka pā lonoaʻili ia ia receptors, a i ka hope o ka adrenaline a noradrenaline keiki, kapaʻia i nā mea o ka pololei 'ana.

Ka hopena o ka aoao o ka ai 'kānāwai a me kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe hooko i hoike mai ai ia ia iho ma ka stimulation hanauna iho neurotransmitters, ua ālai' kā lākou hoʻololi iho, maoli ka lehulehu o nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale.

Adrenoceptor agonists i häʻawi mai ai iä ka ana ma lalo nei:

• naau ole, loa hypotension,'opi, kŰia, cardiac hopu;
• asthma, bronchospasm;
• ke kiekie intraocular puʻe;
• hoʻoʻino maʻi o ka mucousʻili lahilahi o na maka a me ka ihu;
• hypoglycemic coma;
• kūloko anesthesia.

Alpha-adrenergic agonists

ai 'pūʻulu nā e wae (e hana ana ma kekahi' ano o ka mea loaʻa) a me ka 'ole-e wae (A1 excitation a me A2-receptors)' o ia hoʻi. Ole-e wae Alpha-agonists i hoʻouna 'ia' ana noradrenaline, noho haumāna kahi a me ka hana ma luna o ka Hoʻokolohua-receptors.

Alpha-agonists ka hoohuoi ana A1-receptors - antishock ai 'hoʻohana me kaʻoi emi i loko o ke koko,. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana topically, ma o na la constriction o na arterioles e glaucoma a me kona mana i loko o ka allergic rhinitis. Ikeia ai 'Group:

• "Midodrin";
• "Mezaton";
• "Etilefrin".

Alpha-adrenergic agonists, me ka hoohuoi ana i ka A2 mea loaʻa, oiʻikeʻia a hiki i ka nui nuipa o ka heluna kanaka no o kona ao palapala noi. Top laʻelaʻe 'ia - "Xylometazoline," "Nazol", "Sanorin", "Visine". Hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka Inc o hoʻoʻino maʻi o ka maka a me ka ihu (conjunctivitis, rhinitis, sinusitis).

Na ai 'i ike no kā lākou vasoconstrictor kanawai, i eliminates nasal congestion. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i kālā e lawe wahi ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o ka hoʻomalu wale, e like me ka lōʻihi kipi? Eaia hiki i ka hooulu ana o ka lāʻau kumupaʻa a me ka mucosal atrophy.

i koho Young keiki konohiki i loaʻa ka Alpha-adrenergic agonists. Ai 'ma keia hihia i ka haahaa lehulehu o kaʻeleu waiwai. ʻO ia palapala ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka iapaau ana o ka poe e loaa ana mai ka mimikō a me ka hypertension.

Alpha-adrenergic agonists, excitatory A2-receptors, a me nā manaʻo nui kekahi hana naʻaupō Luna ( "methyldopa", "Clonidine", "Katapresan"). Lākou hookoia Ua like penei:

• hypotensive ai;
• ua hoʻemi naau kōmi;
• calming ai;
• Nā hana eha ke ola;
• hoemiia secretion o lacrimal a me ka salivary glands;
• hoemiia secretion o ka wai i loko o ka uuku liʻiliʻi.

"Mezaton"

E hoomakaukau ai ka nānā 'ana ma luna o phenylephrine hydrochloride, ma o na la, a mahuahua nui ke koko. Kona palapala noi pono pololei dosing like hiki reflex emi naʻau kōmi. "Mezaton" maoli ka'aloʻahiʻa mālie ma ka e like me nā ai ', akā, i ka hope o oi mau nō.

Nāʻikepili 'o ia hoʻi:

• hypotension, 'opi;
• makaukau no kaʻoki kino;
• vasomotor rhinitis ;
• i nā anesthesia;
• kaʻapu kōheoheo o nā etiologies.

Ka nele no ka koke hualoaʻa e noi mai ana intravenous hooponopono. Ka lāʻau 'Ua hoi injected i loko o ka Muscle, subcutaneously, intranasally.

"Xylometazoline"

I ka lāʻau me ka hookahi inoa i kaʻeleu waiwai, i kekahi hapa o ka "galazolin" "Otrivin" "ksimelin" "Dlyanosa". Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka topical iapaau ana o ka huʻi infectious rhinitis, sinusitis, hay kuni, otitis Media, i hoomakaukau ia no ka hana ana a me ka lapaʻau' ana i ke kaʻina hana o ka nasal lua.

Ua ua hua mai i loko o ka palapala o kaʻehu, kulu a me nasal tuko pīlali noi. Ehu ae no na keiki mai ka 12 makahiki o ka makahiki. E wary hoonohoia ma ka ana ma lalo nei:

• angina;
• lactation;
• thyroid maʻi;
• prostatic hyperplasia;
• mimikō;
• hāpai keiki.

"Clonidine"

Ka lāʻau 'mea he Alpha-adrenoceptor agonists. Keʻano papa hana o ka hoʻokō ' "clonidine" ua muli ma ka excitation o A2-adrenergic receptors, kūpono ai i loko o ka emi ka puʻe, i ka ulu ana o ka poe liilii, a me ka anesthetic sedation.

Hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kekahi mau ano o ka hypertension, hypertensive ka hoʻoponopono ulia, e höʻike aku glaucoma hoouka ma ka hoʻohui pū' ia me ka 'ē aʻe ai' no ka lapaau o ka lāʻau 'a me ka lama.

"Clonidine" ua contraindicated i hāpai keiki, akā, ma ka hihia o ka loa gestosis i loko o ka hope o ke kahua, ka wā o ka pomaikai a hiki i ka makuahine, ma mua o ka pilikia o kaʻino i ka fetus, he mea hiki ke hana liʻiliʻi nā māhele o ka lāʻau i loko o ka hui pu ana me'ē aʻe ai '.

"Visine"

Vasoconstrictor lāʻau ma tetryzoline hoʻohana ma ophthalmology. Ma lalo o kona ole ia lŘlŘ mydriasis, conjunctival edema ka ho'ēmiʻana, emi iho i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o intraocular loli. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka iapaau ana o allergic conjunctivitis, ma ÿole mechanical, kino ai' ole Nine Inch hana o na Luna ma ka mucous lihilihi.

Overdose Alpha agonists

Overdose ua hoikeia paakiki loli characterizing i ka hopena o ka Alpha-agonists. Ke hoomanawanui e pili ana kiʻekiʻe ke koko, mahuahua naau kōmi pāpana kāna hana. I loko o kēia wā ka mea i hiki i ka hooulu ana o ka mapuna hoe a pulmonary edema.

Inc overdosing mea e pili i ka kēia pūʻulu o ka ai '.

1. ʻike ākea sympatholytic loko i ka EYI o nā aʻalolo impulses ma ka periphery, a ma ka'emi ko kahua. Penei, ka hoemiia puʻe ua ua hoʻemi naʻau ana a me kaʻike ākea e kū'ē'ē mai.
2. Kalipuna hakaka nona ma ka paleʻana i ke kahe o ke kalipuna Ion i loko o na keena. Cardiac Muscle ho'ēmi i kā o oxygen koi, hoemiia contractility ka mea, iaono? Ienoai hoʻomaha i diastole, hoʻonui nā pūʻulu arteries.
3. Myotropic ai 'paipai hoʻomaha o laumania nāʻiʻo, me Muscle a me vascular pa.

Alpha-adrenergic agonists, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka mea he nui pūʻulu o kāuʻikepili, noi aku akahele koho o ka laʻau heluna, ka mālamaʻana i ke electrocardiogram, ke koko,ʻike ākea koko.