Biathlon rifle: ano a me nā 'ano

O kela ano keia ano o ka hooilo haʻuki pinepine hōʻike mau loa nui. Kēia Pāʻani Holohau a me ka biathlon. Ke Soviet Union, a laila Rusia, ua mau Ua haʻaheo o ko lākou mau pono, a piʻi like i loko o kēia mau haʻuki. Nā hualoaʻa ma ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka ua Kharlamov ma ka Pāʻani Holohau ole Tikhonov (eha-manawa 'Olumepika champion) ma ka biathlon. Me ka Pāʻani Holohau kapa mea maopopo - skates, koʻokoʻo, mahiole. Me ka biathlon mea nui oi hana hoihoi a me ka hale kalapu no, no ka mea, ma ka mea ka mea, o ka papalua sport - iaoeo a me ka pana. no hoi me ka mahalo i nā ipu no ka neʻeʻana mea maopopo: i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - koho iho i ka lubricant i ka malie, akā, me ka biathlete kaua, i mea ka rifle, mea ole pela mea. Party he paakiki i waeia o ka hao e like me ka hopena o keia pomaikai i hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka pana. No ia mea, inā pilikia ka haumāna 'âlapa loa hoʻomākaukau ai i ke koho ana o na mea kaua. A me ka mea nana e like biathlon rifle? Picture ka mea, e ia ke hōʻike i ka mea heluhelu i ka noonoo ana ma hope o ka pauku. I ka manawa, ua e he wahi hele i loko o ka mōʻaukala, a loaʻa mai ka wā a ma lalo o mea ana i hana ai i kēiaʻano o ka nii? Mea kaua.

A wahi moʻolelo

Ma ka hopena o ke Kaua Honua II i ka loa hanohano koa patrol, ma Mānoa, ka mea, ua i ka prototype o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia biathlon. Lako a pan i ka manawa e iʻike mau Army hakakā Mosin rifle, i ka i piha i hele aku la a me ka'Elau. Ma ke ala, ka mea e noho ana ma ka hana ana me ka Soviet koa iloko o ke kaua me Germany.

Ma hope o ka hoopaapaa, ka International 'Olumepika Komite, i ka makahiki 1960, ua he lōʻihi-kakali Debut hana biathlon ma ka Winter nâ pâʻani' Olumepika. No ka Soviet 'âlapa Kalashnikov e hopohopo nei i ka mana manufacturing hoopukaia rifle "Biathlon-59." Biathlon rifle maka ua i ka manawa diopter. Ua Ua pū i hoʻolako pono me ka lawe kaula, a me ka kuikawā aiiay uhi. Weight biathlon rifle ana i pololei hooponopono.

Lakou ma modernization a me ka hou ana o ka

Ma hope o ka Winter 'Olumepika i ka makahiki 1960 Sherstyakov mea kaua akamai, e lawe me ka kumu o ka Mosin rifle, ka hana i ka hou kaua no ka biathlon. Ke hāpana, a ua huli mai i ka hopena, hua mai la i loko o nā XAaOOEN, a loaʻa iā ia ka inoa, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka caliber "Biatlonʻelua-7,62" a me ka "Biatlonʻelua-6,5 '(nā papahu ana he Ana o 7,62 mm o a me ka 6.5 mm o, niioaaonoaaiii).

I ka hana ana i keia mea ua lawe mai Soviet biathletes mua 'Olumepika i ka pomaikai, ma ka pau Vladimir Melanin i loko o ka 1964 Winter' Olumepika ma Innsbruck ua hiki ke loaa i ka mua gula mekala i loko o ka biathlon.

I ke kakahiaka nui seventies helu kuhi puke "Biathlon B-4" hoʻokuʻu o ka hou rifle, pana o i i lawe mai me ka rimfire ammunition. Ke kumu hoʻohālike i kekahi me ka nui loa emi kaumaha. Next His Ua hookuu pono o ka makahiki ma hope o ke kala ana o ka mea mua, a loaʻa iā ia ka inoa "Biathlonʻelua-5." Ia i kī pū Ua mālama 'ia nā papahu kikowaena kahua kaua i lawe caliber 5,6 mm o. He me keia rifle ka triumphal huakaʻi o ke gula eha-manawa 'Olumepika champion Aleksandra Tihonova.

nā kānaka hoʻokūkū mea kaua

'Aʻole wale nō i loko o ka Soviet Union, ua hiki ke hana i na mea no ka biathlon. It E ke kaulana a me ka haole Manufacturers. Ua kaulana loa ka poe hana pela poʻe me "Anschutz" a me "Walter" mai Hawaii, "Sako" i loko o Finland, a me ka'Aukekulia "Staer Mannlicher."

"Anschutz" loa i ike, a untwisted biathlon rifle. Ka mea, ua i ke alakaʻi o kēia poʻe i kakau i ke kime o ka German Army Biathlon e kūkulu i kekahi rifle no biathlon, a e hooponopono, e hoomaopopo Kelemānia 'âlapa, e like me ka' Oihana e like me pono, a recoil poe ikaika no lakou. Pela, e ho okumu hou kaua 'ole i ka maikaʻi uuku-caliber rifle, a ma ia manawa ua "Antshutts-54", e pono ia ma lalo o maloimpulsnogo pūpanapana kikowaena mea hō'ā kaʻa, ka poe i he .222 caliber.

hoʻololi nā makakoho

1978 ua manaoia he milestone i loko o ka ulu ana o ka biathlon. Ke hoʻololi i ka poe liilii,-caliber mea kaua i ka sport ho'āmana, a he ākea. A me ka initiator o keia nui hanana ua ka ia German hui "Anschutz", i ua Komikina'Āina ma kona mau kanaka hoʻokahi, a kūkulu ia i nā mea kaua. 'āina nona ka 'âlapa a pau i ka mea maikaʻi i loko o ka sport,ʻo ka Soviet Union, Norway, Finland, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i makemake ole, e lilo ko lakou wahi ma ka honua biathlon, a neʻe mai kaua koa i ka poe liilii,-caliber.

No laila, no ka mea, he koho balota, i mea i lawe mai i ka mea e hoʻoneʻe i ka hou caliber, ua he pakahi aku la ia ardent kākoʻo o ka hou kaua. A malaila i paa "kālai'āina blackmail" o ka'Aukekulia aoao i hōʻole, e hoopaa i ka World Cup ma biathlon i loko o ka makahiki 1978, ina na mea kaua hou eʻaʻole e maliuʻia i loko o hana. Ekolu Luna koho balota, e hoʻololi i kā lākou palapala hooholo, a me ke koena ua tipped i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka hou kükohu.

Penei,ʻo Kelemānia Hookah a me ka 'âlapa, mai hemo mai i loko o ka luna o ko ke ao nei biathlon, kela mea keia mea i loko o ko lākou mau wahi. Hana maʻamau haʻuki mea kaua ano: nuipa e ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 3.5 kg, caliber rifle biathlon - 5,6 mm o, oi mauʻike like .22lr. Ammunition pono e rimfire.

No o ke hoʻololi i ka mea uuku-caliber mea pepehi i ka emi i ka mamao i ka pale umauma hoʻokahi -. Ano ia mea 50 m + Kelemānia biathletes Ua lanakila ehiku o ka eiwa elua mau mekala gula i ka Biathlon World Poʻokela Aupuni i ka makahiki 1978, mālama 'ia ma lalo o ka hou rula. Poʻo kaʻi o ka USSR Alexander Privalov, he mua makana e uwa o elua nâ Pâʻani 'Olumepika, hewa ia i ka disastrous hana o ka aina kime o ka USSR, aole ia e puku i na mea, a me ka hou ano o ka hoʻohana' xi, a incorrectly like oil.

E pono muli o ka loli o ka rula

Gunsmiths a me ka poʻe akamai ma Izhmash (Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant) urgently hoʻolauna i ka hou rifle "Biathlon B-6," i hoʻohana Park-ahi nā papahu, i kulike ai me ka hou koi.

Ka ike ole ia o ia ka kokololio kala o na mea kaua hou ua wehewehe loa banal:ʻo ia me ia ma ka kakahiaka 60s, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ke kumu o Mosin rifle, Eia kekahi laʻana "Biathlonʻelua-7.62" a me "Biathlon-ʻelua 6.5" i, ua ulu, a ma keia manawa ua pau na mea akamai wale nō o ka "Ural-5-1" a me "Ural-6-1" a me ka hana ma ka hohonu modernization "Biathlonʻelua-6".

rifle lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe

Air rifle biathlon ka hola o ka ia no nā mea a pau Manufacturers a me kekahi wale ma ka palapala ololi huahelu a me kekahi mau hana i ho'ākāka 'ia i nā hana. Ma kekahi hihia, a pau oko ao ua hooponopono ana a paa i lāʻau. Biatlonnaya rifle, i na mea maalea, ninoieo o ka hae eiiiiiaiou a me maomeka, ua i ka pahu, he lāʻau pahu, he puka kāhea maka a me ka hale kūʻai. Ka manao e leie aku ka luahi ka wā pono e hoʻololi i kona laina Ana ma ka pepa nā wepa. Oe no hoi Pono i ke kāʻei no biathlon pūlaipela. Ua pili wale backpack kēia, no ka mea, o ka loa he mea hiki koho. Maka biathlon rifle pono wale nō e diopter, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka'ōnohi i papaia.

Pākahi hiki e like me ka hoʻomaʻa nā māhele o ka rifle, no kekahi laʻana, "papalina" (luna aʻe o ka luahi) a me ke kaula me ka makau no ka maʻa. Ke kikowaena o ka nuipa a ana o na mea kaua hiki e like ma ka pepa a me ka hoemi i ka balancing paona. Rapid ka uhauha ana, rifle, me ka hoʻololi i ke kulana o ka 'âlapa hana i kekahi crankʻano papa hana i wili lauoho o ka barela hanau Via vertical nā koʻi lipi o kuapo.

Aiiay poi hooko kā lākou hana o ka palekana i ka pau ano o ka barela Kanal mea hoʻohaumia, mea pepehi mua a me ka kilo. I ka manao o ka hoʻopauʻano papa hana optimally hoʻomaʻa i ka ua e ikaika, hoʻoneʻe i ke kāhea o ke kāhea, e like me ka pono me ke ano o ka iho me disassembly o na mea kaua. Mai ka helehelena o ka biathlon kona rula, ua ae like o: e ka pono ka hāʻuleʻana longitudinally kaʻapuni hoopaa iho la i biathlon rifle, a wale ma hope o nā hanana o ka makahiki 1978 hoomana i ka hoʻohana 'ana o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike a me kekahi manao o keʻano papa hana.

Hoʻopau 'ole kupaa lakou "Anschutz"

Kēlā poʻe, a ua hana i ka manufacturing nii? Pūlaipela,? Acaeoey? A produces ka mea pepehi i kona puka 'ole. Ke German Hookah o "Anschutz" hoʻohana hoʻopau, i ka manao o ka i? Ac? I ka makahiki 1935 mamuli, mau ka hoʻomaikaʻi ia.

Prior i ka makahiki 1984, i nā mea kaua a pau o ka momoku ahi ua hua mai la ia me ka hoʻohana 'ana o mall nā kumumea me ka hoʻokaʻaʻano papa hana. Ma hope o loaʻa makahiki 1984 gunsmith P. Fortner ma ka rifle hoʻopauʻano papa hana me ke aoʻana, a me keia mea i manao ai ua hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o ka ahakanaka "Anschutz" a hiki i kēia lā. A kiʻiona hiʻona o kēia mau mea, ua oi kana olelo hoopomaikai i ka nui, i ka wa e kaawale aku o lugs koi 'ia no ka kiʻekiʻe-hope nā papahu.

Reloading rifle i loa na mea, a me nā manamana lima elua: 'inideka manamana lima huki i ke kumu, hoike cocking ka hoʻopau, a me kona aʻe ma ka ua e ma ke kua o keʻano papa hana o ka manamana nui. Nō hoʻi, no ka pono o ka mea pepehi ia recharging lakou aloha ia ejector a me ka extractor, a ma muli o ia i ko lakou manao reliably hana i ko lakou mau oihana ma haʻahaʻa ea ana wela.

Other kiwikā manao

Finns nō ka mea mua, e hoʻohana i ka hou hoʻopau manao i loko o ka ÷ Finnbiathlon, ua hanaʻia e Tampeeren Asepaja. Keʻano papa hana i ka longitudinally-ka hāʻuleʻana ka māmā holo, aʻaʻole i ka huli.

Ma hope o ia mau mea i loko o ka Soviet Union kekahi mea akaka biathlon rifle "B-7", he hoʻopau a i ka ia 'ole. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka pono o ka poʻokela mea kaua akamai Susloparova. He ua hiki i ka pōkole manawa e hoomakaukau ai e lawe wahi ma Moscow 'Olumepika prototype "B-7-2", a wahi a ka hooulu ana o nii? Mea kaua i ka loa kaulana moʻo "Biathlon". Kamailio ana me ka hou kükohu ma ka 'Olumepika, ua pono-ike Alexander Tikhonov lanakila i kona eha gula mekala ma ka mika. Ma ke ala, ma ka hope elua Winter 'Olumepika biathletes mai ka Soviet Union me ke kōkua o kēia mau rifle i ke gula i loko o ka mika heihei.

Development pūlaipela "Biathlon" moʻo

Ma ke kumu o ka loa kaulana rifle "B-7-2" i loko o ka kakahiaka nui 90s ulu a hookama no ka hana biathletes ÷ "B-7-3" a me ka "B-7-4". Ke ola kalapona o kēia mau lama me ka ikaika hou, e mau a hiki i ka Winter 'Olumepika ma Vancouver.

Mai ka makahiki 1991, i ke kumu nui wale mai ana o na mea kaua i-biathlon 'âlapa Kalashnikov e hopohopo nei, ka hoʻomaka'? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka hou kükohu "B-7-2". Pana mai biathlon pūlaipela o ka puke i .22lr ammunition caliber rimfire ka, e like me ka nui maliu hae i ka makahiki 1978. Hoolohe ka manawa e kuapo pōʻeleʻele loa, ka 'auhau o ka i, e mau no elima puni. I hookomoia e like me ka hae, a me ka hou ammunition no ka mea, ma ka nui o ka apana ekolu. Eha hale kūʻai i ka lāhui i loko o ka kūikawā leki i ua pili i ka rifle luahi.

Laka o ka barela kaha o ka pneumatic ia lŘlŘ Hing-une lōhai kiʻikuhi.

Ke kumu nui ana no ka pana ma ka biathlon mea i ka hoʻokēʻai recharge mea kaua me ka hoʻololi i ke kulana o biathletes a me ka Noho maikai manawa ma luna o ka hou AIM. Waiho pūpanapana i loko o ka barela o ka rifle "B-7-2" ua i ma ka pānaʻi mai noi ma ke kuikawa i lawelawe,. Hoʻopau oiai reloading neʻe aku i loko o ka uuku piʻo.

Ke rifle Ua hooleiiaʻi mawaho balancing, a ua like ma ka pepa a me ka wehe 'corrector paona. No hoi ia e hoonoho iho i ke kāhea, e huki like, a kāhea hahau ana. Papalina i ka luahi, a me ka lōʻihi o ia i alii ma ka a i kele pūnaewele pākahi no kēlā me kēia 'âlapa like me ka' âlapa, mai ka pono ka wā pana hilinaʻi nui ma ka pololei. Ka barela, alo maka a me ka laulā rifle i hoʻolako pono me ka kūikawā hookeai Hing 'ilikai ke poʻi, nona ka papa kuhikuhiE kuleana pili i mea e hoomalu aku i na mea kaua mai o ka hau, a me ka lepo' ē contaminants i mea e loli i ka pololei o ka pana.

E like me ka olelo, i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o keia momoku ahi rifle mea he lōʻihi manawa, a iloko o ia manawa oia i na hoopai ana i ka hou, a modernized. No ka laʻana, i keia la kuu "B-7-4A" kŘkohu. Ka palapala A ma ka inoa i ka 'i keia rifle i ka barela-ike German naueue ole "Anschutz".

waiwai rifle

No ka waiwai nā Eia kekahi laʻana, me ke dute no kekahi mau 'âlapa. Rifle "B-7-4" i loko o ka iwa o ka hoʻololi 'i he momoku ahi hou moe, a hiki e AUOO e hālāwai me nā koi o kekahi biathlete; hou hope o ike mai ka hoʻokūkū ana naueue ole "Anschutz"; lele ke komo lima, a i hoʻokuleana i ka hoʻoponopono. E pale ai ka popopo, a hoʻoikaika hana o ka pa alima ua malalo i chrome plating a me ka barela. I waena o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike waiwai pūlaipela kaʻawale "Antshutts 1827", a ua kapaia "ka mea maikaʻi o ka mea maikai loa" he nui poe koa e ae a me ka waiwai pio-biathletes.