Buttress. He aha ia?

Ka hua'ōlelo "buttress" loaʻa paha kekahi mau manaʻo, a ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā kula. Ke kuhikuhipuʻuone, a kukulu i manao ai ua bulging i loko o kanaka'anatomia - ua pilikia ka manawa "lele ana buttresses o ka iwipoo." Ma nā hihia a pau, i ka hua'ōlelo hāpai me ka mea'ōlelo koʻikoʻi akulaʻo ia manaʻo.

Buttress ma kuhikuhipuʻuone, a kukulu

Back ma ka Middle Ages, buttress pa ua loaa ia hiʻona, ia i malamaia me ka integral hapa o ka Romanesque kaila o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ua kūkuluʻia kēia mau hale a puni ka hale, ma ke ano o ke kumu, loʻohia i ka paia o kaʻaoʻao mua, a hoʻonoho i ka kekahi mamao mai kekahi i kekahi, ma ke alo o ia mau wahi, kahi abut hoaka hoaka i loko o ka pā.

Buttress - he vertical manao, a kākoʻo i kaʻaoʻao o ka hale o mua, a lawe i ke kīloi paʻewa, hookomo iho max. Ke kea māhele o ia ka mea i oi aku degere o ka kokekau i ke kumu o na anuu, a me ka triangle. I ka loaʻa nō kekahi kŘpa a uuku haawe ana, i ka pauku mea e ia i ka mea ma ka nānā aku kokoke i ka pilaster.

Buttresses i:

• māmā;
• vertical;
• Lightweight;
• kihi.

Romance au i loko o ka hana o ka haleʻohana e kukulu hale piʻi wale mai, no ka mea, na nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone o ia manawa hoʻoholo i ia mea kūpono, a e e loa ike loea māmā mea i manao ai. Vertical buttress i emi hoʻokiwikā alanui lewa. Ka mea, ua nui loa kupono i ka hana i loko o populations i e ole i lawa ka makahiki no ka hale. Lightweight buttress - kēia hou 'ano o ka manao, e hoi mai kekahi ia'ku, i ka luna o ka pōhaku okoʻa no ka manawa Tora. Ka hope wā o ka angular Kokika wehewehe aku kukulu o buttresses, a e waiho ma ka huina o 45 ° a hiki i ka pā pōhaku.

Buttresses ma ka Kokika kuhikuhipuʻuone

System kino iwi i loko o Kokika kuhikuhipuʻuone ka loaʻa o ka lākou o ka manao hiʻona o nā 'ana i kūpono hale i i ka mea i hiki i ka redistribute i ka haawe ana o ka hale, a ma kekahi mau manawa e e lilo i ke ano a me ka pa. Ma keia kuhikuhipuʻuone HOU o ka Middle Ages huli mau manawa e hana nui kiekie, a? Ieoaeunoaa iauaeoia wahi. I ka papa kuhikuhiE eiiiiiaiou ma Kokika kuhikuhipuʻuone i mālama like me ka buttress. Kēia transverse pa o ka pōhaku, a me i ka lele ana buttresses kukulu - mawaho poluarku, iwi aoao - huina iwiʻaoʻao. A pau o ia i kūkulu ai i kekahi mea, lawe mai i kekahi kūlana o ka manao.

Buttress - he ikaika mau lāʻau kū, vertical kūkulu hale, a incurs i kekahi hapa o ka papohaku stress, counteracts hou vaults. Ma ka Middle Ages ia i ole 'ana aku i ka paia o ka lumi, a lawe mai i ka mamao ma ka hoʻopili i ka hale Via hitched hoaka, lele buttresses. Kēia ua lawa no ka pono hoʻouna hou i ka haawe ana ma ke kākoʻo kolamu mai o ka pa. Lakou ia lakou iho e hana i manao o buttresses vertical, hāliu mai i ko a noke hehi.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE manao

I ka rula o ka kūkulu o kēia mau kumu ma ka Kokika kuhikuhipuʻuone mea like penei: 'ia paha, aole ia e haawi a pau o kona mau pā haawe ana a me ka puʻe groin vaults a me kona mau hoaka kuhikuhi iwi aoao ma luna o nā kia (kolamu), buttresses a lele buttresses kuhi kīloi paʻewa hou. Mahalo i kēia laulima eiiiiiaiou ke kūkulu i ka hale me ka puu o ka puka makani, ka mea, ua lilo ia i kaulana hoʻohaumiaʻo anianiʻoe a me kiʻi kaula.

Ma luna o ka mea Kokika kuhikuhipuʻuone hoomaka ae la e komo kū hoʻokahi, hoʻolaha iluna hana i ka hoaka, i ka huli i poʻeʻuʻukuʻaoʻao hou, e haawi ana i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻouna hou nui o ka puʻe ma luna o nā nā mea pilihao. E pio mea reminiscent o ka mea hoʻonui, lilo kuhikuhi mai la lakou, elongated. A o ka meaʻano o nā kumu o kēia manaʻo o ka Kokika - ka makemake maha keu. Muli o kona kulana pinepine, i loko o ka wahi, kahi a ke lele buttresses i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka buttress, ka mea, i kahi oioi.

Ke apono ana o kēia mau manao i keia la

Buttress paia i ano e hana no ka haʻahaʻa-ala na hale, i loko o ka hihia kahi mawaho hehee wale ka lń i (i ana i ka mua loa he mea he wahi no ka mea hoʻonoho oʻikepili hehee wale, a me ka mea e ole e hoike aku ia ia ka poino kuhikuhipuʻuone). Ka loa, he pono ole pilikia i loko o ka hana o ka hale - e hana ana ia mau mea ma luna o ka papau kumu, no ka mea, ma hope o ke anu kaʻikaʻiʻia o ka aina, mai ka buttresses he mea kekahi kamepiula e kuai i noho pilikia huli. No hoi he mea kekahi nawaliwali wahi o kēia mau mea i na kumu mua - mākou pono e hooikaika hale ilalo pā.

Where'ē aʻe i loaʻa lele buttresses

I'anatomia a bear like me ka makahiki ua hoʻohana ', a me ia mea i kekahi manaʻo. No ka laʻana, buttresses iwipoo e ooieoeiiaeuiuo ē aʻei kūpono e lawe i ka papa kuhikuhiE haawe oiai e kamaiʻilio ana, e like me hoopalupalu no au i na puu hua palaoa mai ana ka interdigitation. Eia hou, ka mea e emi lulu a me tremors oiai e neʻe i ka pau kino (e hele ana, ua lele komo, holo). Buttresses iʻia naʻe ā, a i ka kūikawā kūlana i loko o ka 'ole o ka iwipoo.