Central Rusia. Kulanakauhale ma Central Rusia

Central Rusia - ia mea he nui eiiieaena o interregional. Mea maʻa mau, i kēia manawa pili ana i ka ?? eoi? Gravitating i Moscow, a i hana ma Moscow, a me ka hope o ka Lūkini moku'āina.

General kōkua

Mōʻaukala o Central Rusia, i mea na kāna mau 'ōlelo o ko mākou lāhui kanaka, hoomaka ae la me ke kahua o Muscovy i ka XIII-XV kenekulia, e like me ka hopena o ka hoʻohuiʻia disparate fiefdoms. Ma nā kūlanakauhale, Ua piha ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, mōʻaukala a me ka palapala, ai 'kia hoʻomanaʻo i a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha i ka māhele' āina. Ma ka aina, a hiki ma kahi e aku i lohe nuiʻia gula apo - kahiko kulanakauhale o Central Rusia: Sergiev Posad, Rostov a me Pereslavl, Kostroma, Suzdal, Yaroslavl, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Bogolyubovo, Gus ke aniani, Gorokhovets, Kalyazin, Kideksha, Moore, Paleh listen'ōlelo. Gold ke komo lima uhi mau mea e like me Moscow, Iaroslavskaia, Vladimir, Ivanovskaia, Kostroma. Makamua kulanakauhale o Central Rusia i ike no kā lākou kekahi noʻeau akamai. No ka laʻana, Fedoskino, Palekh Holuy a kaulana lacquer'āhihi, Gzhel - pālolo, Zhostovo - pena ahi, Abramtsevo - wahie i ke kalakalaiʻana, Khotkovo - iwi kalai ana, pos. Mstera - lacquer'āhihi a me ruching, pos. Red-ma-Volga - Jewelry i ke keleawe, keleawe, ke kālā, Rostov - enamel (enamel'āhihi pena).

kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? acaeoey

I ka ho okumu ana o kēia māhele 'āina i loli mōʻaukala kūpono' ana a me ka waiwai a me ka Leeuwerikplein kūlana. Ke kikowaena hapa o Rusia aia i loko o nā awāwa a me nā watersheds o ka Dnieper, ka Oka, ka Volga a me Western Dvina, ua loaa he loa maikaʻi kulana ma ke kahua o ka moku'āina. Ma muli o ka muliwai mau kuamoo i hōʻike ana i ka mokuna wahi, e like me me ka kokoke aina. Central māhele o Rusia - o ka papa kuhikuhiE pulakaumaka o ke aupuni moʻomeheu, nolaila, i ka hooponopono ana o ka Lūkini kanaka i loko o nā wahi.

Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka nui o? Acaeoey o ka heluna kanaka ka mea, ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i nā kumu waiwai e like me ka mea e hoohehee hao, lanahu, ka laau, limestone, ke one, ka paakai, ka palolo, peat a me na mea e ae. Eia ka mea, originated ferrous metallurgy a me ka metalworking, woodworking, ka paakai? Iecaianoaaiiuo, pālolo a me ka aniani, lole, ili a me ka lole kamaʻa oihana puolo. I Soviet manawa, ua kūkuluʻia ekolu ieie-AYN i loko o ka'āina ma ka Volga, a EII ni pūnaewele Power Plant i kūkuluʻia i loko o Sergiev Posad. Eia hou, i loko o nā kanalima o ka hope kenekulia i loko o ka Kaluga māhele i hoomaka ai ke hoʻohana i ke ao nei ka mua nukelea mana mea kanu, a ma hope o 20-30 makahiki, ke kikowaena hapa o Rusia lanakila 'elua hou nukelea mana kanu - ma ka Tver a me Smolensk wahi.

I ka nui o ka māhele 'āina

Central District o Rusia - o kahi a lākou i hana i ka 'ōlelo o ka Lūkini kanaka i ka ?? eoi? Ee. A me keia la Russian heluna kanaka ka i lanakila 'aneʻi. A wale nō i loko o ka hikina loa, ma o ka Volga-Vyatka māhele 'āina, ola Chuvash, Mordovian, Mari. E like me ka heluna helu mālama 'ia ma ka makahiki 2002, he pono no 38 miliona kanaka i loko o ka māhele' āina. I waena o lākou: Russian - 34 miliona (91%), Ukrainians - 756 000 (1.99%), Tatars - 288 000 (0.77%), Armenians - 249 000 (0.66%), Belarusians - 186 000 ( 0,49%), Azeris - 161 000 (0.43%), a me ka poe Iudaio - 103 000 (0.27%). Other nationalities i emi o 0.2%.

Ke kikowaena o ka pili-yeiiiie? Aneiai ola o Rusia

Ke kumu nui hiʻona o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia hoʻokele waiwai o ka māhele 'āina i' ole ma ka penei aʻe: i ke kūlana o kona constituent wahi like me ka papa kuhikuhi 'enekinia, aʻo a me ka noiʻi like kumu o ka aina; loaʻa nui o ka palapala hōʻoia no nā limahana; maikaʻi hoʻokele waiwai a me ka Leeuwerikplein wahi; lahui ulu amo loulou; ikehu hua mai la i ka mana mea kanu o acee? iuo oeiia; i ke ano o ka laweia maka mea; i ke kahua o ka metallurgical waihona ipu a me na mea e ae. I kēia lā, Central Rusia hana kūikawā ana i loko o ka hana o ka luna 'huahana mea e noi mai ana' epekema noiʻi a me ka akamai hana. I ka papa kuhikuhiE lālā o ka specialization i ka hana 'enekinia, metallurgy, ka malamalama, a me ka Nine Inch na hana. 'Aʻole i ka liʻiliʻi loa nui o na lawelawe iao? Iiaie oaoieei a me ka' epekema, e like me kiekie ae ka hoʻonaʻauao, oe a me ka moʻomeheu. Ma nā makahiki - oo? A me ka hele hope.

Ano o oicyenoaaiiie mau

Central māhele o Rusia mai nā 'i loko o kona wale nô ka i kēia? Aneiai wahi: Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Honua a me Central. E noonoo oe i ka waiwai a me ka Leeuwerikplein ano o kela mea keia mea o lakou. Kēia, e kōkua i ka ike i ko lakou kūlana ma ka unahiʻole, i loko o ole wale o ka māhele 'āina akā, i ka mea a pau aupuni.

Volga-Vyatka Apana

I ka haku mele 'ana o keia Apana ke kēia mau mea loaʻa Central Rusia: Nizhny Novgorod a me Kirov, e like me ka Repubalika: Chuvashia, Mordovia a me Mari El. Kona wahi o 263.000ʻahā like kilomika. Volga-Vyatka māhele hiki ma ka Europa hapa o ko mākou aupuni, na paipu o ka Vyatka muliwai , a me ka Volga. Kuʻe Huli wahi ma ke kuʻina o aeaciui ai a me ka nui? Aiiioe? Ai pili aku i ka piko a hiki i ka Volga māhele 'āina, nā Urals, North-West, e pili ana maikaʻi rula no ka hooulu ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ke aniau, ua pakiko no Hawaiian. Ua uhiʻia e nahele i ka pau ?? eoi? ee. I ka papa kuhikuhiE specialization o ka wahi - e Aloha wilikî. Eia hou kekahi, a me ka nahele Nine Inch hana ua pono ke kino. Mākou i ke ola a me ka ulu handicraft kahiko akamai e like me Khokhloma pena.

Central Black Honua māhele 'āina

I ka haku mele 'ana o keia Apana nō ka Belgorod, Voronezh, Lipetsk, Tambov a me Kursk wahi. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma kahi halihali a me ka io Geographic wahi. Kona wahi i 107 tausani kapuaʻi kuea kilomika. Ke alo aku o ka kŘpa a nui hoʻokomo kālā o ka hao ka mea e hoohehee a me ka lepo pipili no hoi maka mea, e like me ka pono me ka nui hookoe o ka poe hana he hoʻonui i ka ulu ana o kekahi mau nāʻoihana o nā hana a me ka mahiai. Ke aniau, ua pakiko no Hawaiian ciia maoli - hehi a me ka hehi,ʻano nui palahalaha'āina. Ma keia wahi e kia nunui huihui ikehu lā chernozems, akā, ka hapanui o na mau meaʻike piʻi shortage o ka wai kumu waiwai.

Main specialization i ho'ākāka 'metallurgical, Nine Inch,' enekinia, a me ka ai na hana, a me ka mahiai.

heartland

I ka haku mele 'ana o keia Apana i: Bryansk, Vladimir, Kaluga, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Moscow, Orel, Smolensk, Tver, Ryazan, Yaroslavl a me Tula wahi. Hoʻokele waiwai a me ka Geographic wahi - Central, no laila mea eʻoi aʻe ma ka amo, a me nāʻaoʻao. He wahi mea he nui iwaena konu o ka moʻomeheu. He mea i waiwai i loko o kumu waiwai. E like me ka hopena, i ka hana hanaʻano nui ma laweia maka mea. Aia mau me ke koe o ka phosphorite, peat, lignite, limestone a me ka one. Main specialization - o ke kala ana o ka luna ', intangible huahana e pono noiʻi like a me ka akamai hana. I ka papa kuhikuhiE lālā i Nine Inch, mama pai ana i ka hana a me ka mahi 'hana.

Nature o ka māhele 'āina

Ke ano o keia māhele ka loa like - mai anuanu ka ululāʻau a hiki i steppes. Ma ka akau-hikina hapa o ka aina, he mea nui ka mńlamalama o ka hoʻokomo kālā o ka paala, a he palolo kekahi loams. Ka mea,ʻikeʻia ma ka hauneneʻe o neʻeʻana. Ma hope o kona poe ukali, mai ka palena o ka kapa hema o ka Oka River a hiki i Moscow ua loa pohopoho. Kēia panorama ua kapaia Mescherskaya kula kai. Where tidara nahele ulu luxuriantly. Ma ka mokuna o Central Rusia i mau o ic: Chuhlomskoe, Nero, Plescheevo a me Galich. Ma kēia mau Reservoir hana momona lepo, koloka fertilized me ka silt. Ma waho aʻeo ia 'ūnelunelu, i ka wahi mea kaiakahinalii-noa uka: Suzdal, JuRʻEVSKIJj a me Murom. Ma ka Koro o ka māhele nā lā hoʻi i ka Volga River, a ua wehewehe aku ma ka nui wai nui, e like me ka hopena o keia la umi o ka Tver māhele uhi piholo maila. Ka wai ua ohi ia i loko o kēia mau kai, he lōʻihi manawa hiki ole loaʻa i ke ala mai. Bryansk māhele 'āina i Ua kaulana no ka anuanu ululaau. Ka hema o ka aina ninoieoʻano nui o steppes.

ka hopena

E hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ka mea, i ke kaulana i ka Central Rusia mea he nui eiiieaena o interregional ka rula no ka mea paa a me ka hooulu ana o ka lahui hoʻokele waiwai. Wehewehe aku i kēia māhele 'āina maikaʻi hoʻokele waiwai a me ka Leeuwerikplein kulana ma ka waena konu o ka Europa hapa o Rusia. Naʻe, i ka Central Rusia, a he flaws nui - o ka nele o ke komo ana i ke kai, a me ka haahaa nui o kumu waiwai. Akā, ka mea i compensated e ka koke i ka nui hanalima māhele - Volga Federal District, e like me kekahi o nā kumu waiwai-waiwai āpana - 'Eulopa North. Eia hou kekahi, Central Rusiaʻaoʻao ma kaʻaoʻao me ka haole kalepa hoa - Belarus a me Ukraine.

Kēia māhele ua ka loa na kanaka] a hoʻomohala i loko o ka Russian Hui. Central District o Rusia o ka loa loa urbanized i loko o ke aupuni. Oiai ke kaʻana like 'ana o hoʻokiwikā heluna (80%) a me ka mea i hāʻawi mai i ka North-West, akā, ma ka nui o ka lehulehu o ka noho i loko o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā Kauhalenui like ka mea, o ka mea mua i loko o ka pau aina.