Deviant hana a me kona ano. Nā kumu o ka deviant hana

Kēlā me ke kaiāulu kanaka, i kona mau pōʻai kūmau a me nā lula ma i ka mea e ola ana. Ka mea, hiki e haawiia i ka unwritten kānāwai e noonoo i ke ano o ke kanaka hana ma kekahi wahi, i hiki. Ole, e like me kēia mau kūmau ua noʻonoʻo me ka nohona haiahū kūmau, i ua i kapa haiahū kūmau. Kēia manaʻo hiki ke wehe mai kekahi pana pua. Mua o nā mea a pau, manawa deviant hana aʻe i ke kānāwai, a me nā ana hoʻohālike o maʻamau ma ke kaiāulu. Akā, ma kela aoao o mea, oia ua noʻonoʻo i ka nohona kŰia i loaa olelo ana ma nā 'ano apau loa o ka nuipa a kanaka hana, a aole hoi e like me ka mea i hoʻokumu rula o ka hana ma hope o ka ike weliweli.

Where ia i aʻo deviant hana a me kona ano? Social 'epekema - ke kumuhana e hoike aku nā haumāna me ka' epekema wehewehe ana o keia nohona kŰia.

Ke kumu o manaʻo

Eia naʻe, he mea ole ia i ke kaiāulu, a pau o kona mau lala e hanaia ana i ka mau rula. Nouanoao? Deviant hana a me kona ano hiki ke lawe i na 'ano apau loa. A D., kanaka me ke 'ano' kāna hana nā karaima a me hermits, ascetics a me geniuses, poe haipule, a no laila, ma luna o.

Deviating hana o ke ano o ka hana i mea ole i aponoia i ka kaiāulu. Ma nā manawa ua he paio e hoʻopau undesirable ano o kanaka hana a me kā lākou nā moku halihali mokulele. Ma keia hihia, ua hoʻohana i kekahiʻano o na mea paahana, a me 'ana i kūpono i ka mea e ku i ke kanawai ma ka'āina kaiapili-yeiiiie? Aneiai mau hoahanau, ka nohona ike paka i, e like me ka pomaikai o ka rula ana waiwai.

Deviant hana a me kona ano i mau o Laielohelohe i ka uku kuala o ka noiʻi.

Kūlana ma ke kaiāulu

Deviating hana mea he hana ano me pālua ano. Ma ka kekahi lima, ka mea, Hoʻoweliweli 'o ia i ka lilo ana o ka lawelawe kumupaʻa. Ma ka 'ē aʻe - keia malama kumupaʻa. Pehea la e hiki ai ia ke wehewehe? Ka holomua ana o nā mea a pau nohona kanu'ōiwi nā mea hiki wale ana kaulike i ka mea a me ka predictability o ka hana o ka lala a pau o ke kaiāulu. Kēlā me kēia kanaka mea nui i ka ike ana, e hele'ē aʻe kanaka a me ke ano o ka hana ka mea i manaʻo ai nona.

Eia naʻe, loaʻa subculture i loko o na lehulehu. Ka mea, i kā lākou mau rula o ke komoʻana i loko o kue me ka maliuia pono. Oia haiahū kūmau ua noʻonoʻo i ka hui, a i kekahi manawa he hoʻonui i ka hou 'ana o ke kaiāulu.

Ano o deviant hana

I kekahi manawa, he kanaka aʻe i ka nohona kūmau wale mai ka manawa i ka manawa. Keia hana ua haawiia i like iniiaiie haiahū kūmau. I ka lua o kaʻano o ka manaÿo - ke kiʻekiʻe. Ma keia hihia, ke kanaka hookipa mai i ka momoku ahi deviant, a Kahalaopuna i ka mea, ua malamaia lakou nei, e like me na kanaka.

Deviant hana Ua mau aʻe pono kūmau a pela hiki e nā kanaka a me ka like. Ka mua ano Ua pinepine haiahū kūmau iho i loko o ka lua. Kēia ka hana i ka hapanui o pinepine ma lalo o ka aoao o ke karaima subculture ma luna o kēlā mau waeʻano o kanaka, ka poe i predisposed e moe deviant hana,ʻo ia hoʻi, e ma kamepiula.

Kind o deviant hana

kilakila:

- delinkvetnye hana i i ka olelo Anati-nohona kohoʻia, i loko o kona loa, ka 'aoʻao e kalaima ma ke ano maoli;

- addictive hana, i ka manao o ke withdrawal mai ka ike maopopo ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka waiwai, a me excessive fixation ma kekahi mama no hoi;

- patoharakterologicheskie hana i i ke kumu ma ka pathological loli ma ka ano, me he wahi o ka hoʻonaʻauao mā;

- psychopathological hana mai ana ka noʻonoʻo 'kāna hana;

- hana ka nānā 'ana ma luna o kanaka gipersposobnostyah, hoikeia ma ka ia i ka manawaleʻa paha ano akamai.

Deviant hana a me kona ano hiki i kekahi mauʻokoʻa Mea Maluna. I pili ia ia ke kaiāulu kanaka, deviant hana i:

1. socially apono ia. Ka mea, i kāheaʻia ma ka hana o ke kanaka, i mea maikaʻi, a AIM ma ka hoʻopau o OOAOAaXUEIE hae. E like me ka rula, i kēia 'ano o ka deviant pili me ka lawelaweʻike hoʻokumu a me ka paipai' ia ka qualitative loli ka holoʻokoʻa kaiapili nenoaiu. An hoohalike no keia mea i ke ano akamai, kekahi kime pāʻani e piʻi like,'ōlohe wiwo hana a me nā alakaʻi nā mea hiki.

2.'ākilikai. Kēia deviant hana o ke ano o ka hana ana, aole ia e hana aku i kekahi manao o ke kaiāulu kanaka, a aole e hoʻonui i kona loli. Oia deviant hana pū i ka eccentricity, a me ka eccentricity, me ka makemake e 'ano kähähä, kela kanaka keia kanaka me kona demeanor a me ka aahu ano.

3. Social'āponoʻole. Oia hana aʻe a disorganize i ka nohona nenoaiu.

Ua hanau na hiʻona o ka negativity a me ka dysfunctional. Oia deviant hana detrimental ke kaiāulu. Kēia loaʻa heʻano o abnormalities, e lawe mai ana ia ia ka poino ana i kanaka, a me ka kanaka. Ka mea, hoʻohikiʻia i loko o ka palapala o keʻano o ka puka,ʻano pākīkē a me karaima hana, e like me ka pono me alcoholism, ka lāʻau 'ino, he pepehi anaʻia iā iho, etc. No laila, i socially'āponoʻole loaʻa nā kēia mauʻano o deviant hana: .. Addictive, delinquent.

Typology o Robert Merton

Ka manaʻo o deviant hana me ka mahalo. No ka laʻana, hewa manaʻo i ka mea i kaili wale - ia 'o ka maʻamauʻano o ka loaʻa kālā. Eia naʻe, no ka hapanui o ka lehulehu, ua deviant ia hana. ʻO ia pili i kekahi mau ano o ka lawelawe hana. Kekahi o ia mau mea i manaoia deviant, a me kekahi poe e ae -ʻaʻohe.

Ma Contemporary sociology e noʻonoʻo i ka loa 'ike ke ano, ke ano o ka deviant hana, hoʻolaha ma Robert Merton. A Hoʻohui 'ia o ka manaÿo ka mea, ua i laina me ka manaʻo o kēia kaʻina hana ka mea pepehi i ka walaʻauʻana kumu o ka moʻomeheu, a me pono hae. Ma muli o kēia Merton hōʻike 'eha ke ano o ka haiahū kūmau, i loaʻa:

1. HOU. Kēiaʻano o ka hana komo ai kaʻaeʻana i nā pono Pahuhopu o ka poʻe, akā, i ka negation o nā kiʻina hana hookama, e loaʻa ai iā lākou. No ka innovators nā wahine a me blackmailers, nui haumana a me Mamua o ka waiwai pyramids.

2. ritualism. Kēia hana i ku pono i ka hōʻole o ka kumu pahu hopu o ke kaiāulu a me ke absurdity o ke kaʻina hana e loaʻa ai iā lākou. Lakou i mea hoike o ka bureaucrat. Ka luna koi akahele hoopiha ana i kekahi palapala, kona hou hōʻoia, unuhi aku la ia i ka eha kope, etc. kēiaʻano o misses ka wahi - .. ka pahuhopu.

3. Retretizm. Ia mea,ʻaʻole mea'ē aʻe, e like me ka pakele, mai ka manawa aku o ka lanakila. Kēiaʻano o ka haiahū kūmau ua hoikeia ma ka rejection ole wale no socially nui pahu hopu, akā, no hoi ma ka aoao ma a ano o kanaka e hiki. Kēiaʻano o ka hana i ano o ka lāʻau addicts, alcoholics, a me bums 'ole. D.

4. kipi. Kēia hana hōʻole i ka i ka mea a kāu kiʻina hana i loaʻa i loko o ke kaiaulu. Kipi makemake e puku ia me ka hou poʻe. A luku ana mamuli o keia - na revolutionaries.

Ma ka ulu kona Mea Maluna Merton ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia i deviant hana a me kona ano mau i ka huina hoonui e hōʻike ai i ka loa io e pili ana i ka nui maliuia hae. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, heʻaihue 'aʻole i hoomalau mai i ka pahu hopu o ke kaiāulu, e like me ka mea maikaʻiʻana. A bureaucrat hana mai i kue me ka nui oluolu rula o ka hana. Ma keia hihia, aia no he literal hoʻokō, hiki i ka wahi o ka absurdity. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa, a me ka bureaucrat, a me ka aihue i na deviants.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o deviant hana

Ho'ākāka o deviantʻike manaʻo hiki ke kau. E maopopo ia mea e pono ai ka mea deviant ano o ka hana, e ike. A me ke kumu o keia hihia, e e nui maʻalahi i ka hōʻike. No ka laʻana, ka mea propensity e alcoholism a me ka lāʻau 'ino e like me ka noʻonoʻo' kāna hana mea ole no i ka lawelawe a me ka liluwelo aʻe. Ma hope o nā mea a pau kēia mau hopena maikaʻiʻike manaʻo pinepine pū i hiki ai i na keiki ma ko lakou mau makua.

Ma sociology, loaʻa nō kekahi mauʻaoʻao, e like me a, a wehewehe i nā kumu no ka deviant kolohe. Kekahi o ia mea i ke alo o ia ka moku'āina o ke kaiāulu i loko i nā Hawaiʻi kahiko a me ka kūmau i hele mai i loko o kue i ka na hoahanau, a me ka mea hou nae. Ma keia hihia, ke kumu o ka deviant hana mea kue pahu hopu, a i kau aku imua o ke kaiāulu, a me ka waiwai i loaʻa, e loaʻa ai iā lākou.

marginalization

'O kēia kekahi o nā kumu no ka haiahū kūmau, wehewehe aku ma ka hālāwai hope i loko o ka lawelawe ana. Ka loa, he pono ole hōʻoia i ka loiloi mua nahā o oicyenoaaiiie pili. Ma hope iho ua nalowale i ka nohona pili 'o Randy, a ma ka hope pae - ka uhane.

A ano hiʻona o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o marginal holehole mai ai i lawelawe pono a me ka 'upu'. Pela ka mea, he oi primitive o hanalima, ka hale a me ka uhane ola.

kaiapili pathology

'O kēia kekahi waeʻano o nā kumu no ka io kolohe. Ua loaʻa he kokoke pilina me kaʻike manaʻo e like me ka lāʻau 'ino a me ka alcoholism, mea ulu i loko o ka helu ana o ka noʻonoʻo' maʻi, a me ka mea hōʻemi o ka aaiaoe pua paha o na lala o ke kaiāulu.

E nonoi ana a me ka vagrancy

Kēia hana o he mau aoao o ke ola. Kona papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka hoole ana i ka lawe 'ana i loko o ka hana no ka pono o ke kaiāulu a me ke alualu ana o unearned makahiki.

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ia e nonoi ana a me ka vagrancy i loko o nā makahiki i ua hoʻomano hoʻolaha. Naʻe, ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua ho'āʻo e hakakā i kēia socially pilikia loa kŰia. No ka mea, pinepine ka mea hana me intermediaries ma ke kuai ana o ka ai ', e like me hana aihue a me nā hewa.

'ino

Pinepine i hopena maikaʻi hana i ka makemake, e pale aku i ke kanawai maloko discomfort, e like me hoʻololi i kā lākou mau nohona a me ka noʻonoʻo 'ana, a ua kaheaia ma ka na me ka hakaka a me ka intrapersonal pāonioni paʻa. A pau o keia mea addictive hana. Oia ke alanui ua ana kohoia e ka poe i ole loio i manawa kūpono no ka pakiko-e kō, kona individuality ua uhi pū ma muli o ia ka luna kiʻekiʻe maʻamau i loko o ka hui, a me ka pono kīvila kūpono wahi.

hiki ole ia kanaka e ka 'oihana a me ka hoʻololi' ana i kā lākou mau na nohona haʻahaʻa hoʻohana 'ana i kūpono no kaha. Ia mea ke kumu e manaoio i ka nui oluolu kūmau o ke kaiāulu kanaka, ka poe pono ole, a ku pono.

No io ana

I ko makou kēia hui, deviant hana, oi a oi lilo i ka naauao a me ka risky. Ka papa likeʻole ma waena o ke kanaka o ka adventurer ua e hilinai ana ma ka professionalism a me ka ole, e manaoio ma o ka ulia a naue like. He He deliberate koho o ke kanaka, ma i ka mea hiki e pakiko-hoʻi, pakiko-mai nei a me ka hoʻoponopono-actualization.

Deviant hana o adolescents

Ma kēia hui, me ka maoli pilikia o ke keiki ole, ka lāʻau 'ino a me ka hewa nui. Ma keia manao, he mea ulu ma ka helu o nā pōkiʻi me deviant kolohe. Kēia haiahū kūmau i loko o ka hana ana o na keiki o ka hopena o ka pili aupuni, ka nohona, waiwai a me ka? Aneie instability, i ka ulu aoao o ka feria-moʻomeheu, he loli i loko o ka na waiwai moe o ka wa opiopio keakea i loko o ka 'ohana, a me ka wahi lulu poepoe, o ka nele o ka hooponopono ana i ka mea heʻilihune o ka mālama' hana ana o na makua, he maʻi laha o ka wahine kāne hemo paha, a hewa i loko o ka hana hoʻonaʻauao kulanui.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o deviant hana i waena o adolescents, e like me ka rula, i kaheaia ma na ano like addictive, autoagressive (he pepehi anaʻia iā iho) a me ka geteroagressivnaya.

He aha nō ka loa, he pono ole kumu no ka hopena maikaʻi hana o keiki kanaka? Lākou i heluʻia like penei:

1. Kane Hewa 'o kāna mau hoʻolālā hoʻonaʻauao. He IeAUPIIe, IAa IO He teenager e noho ana i loko o ka pilikia ohana. Ma kona mau maka, aia no na pāonioni paʻa ma waena o ka makua, ka mea i ole hoihoi i loko o kona pā honua. I kekahi manawa, ke pilikia ua hala loa kaumaha loa i hūnāʻia. A ka mea, ua loaʻa wale nō ma hope o ka teenager hoʻomaka e ku mai no kona io kolohe.

2. liluwelo aʻe. I waena o kēia mau kumu ua anao? Aou nā kūpuna mai, a ho'ēmi i kā ka ha awina o aiiay maomeka a me adaptive kali kuleana pili i kanaka. Kēia ololi mea hiki e hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o ka noʻonoʻo 'deficiency, i ka'āina hoʻoili o ka'āno'ē hiʻona ma ke ano, e like me ka ioʻike manaʻo like alcoholism. Eia hou kekahi, adolescents me deviant hana hōʻike i ka inferiority o ka lolo keena, a ua lilo ia i no ia mau hopena o kekahi maʻi nui, a i ua hoolilo ia ia i kekahi kakahiaka nui elemakule. Nā kumumea nā ke 'ano a me ka liluwelo hiʻona o ka adolescence. I kēia mau makahiki he kanaka i hele mai i ka kokololio ulu o ka meaola Ka hoʻomaka 'ana, a ua hele mai ana i ka hopena o ka puberty, e like me ka hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ana o na mea he nui nā loko, a nenoai, a me ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu.

3. ka noʻonoʻo 'aʻe. I adolescence na welau a me ke kahua o ke kanaka ka külana. Aʻe 'ana o kēia kaʻina kekahi manawa hiki aku i ka io characterological reactions e hele ma kela aoao o ka kūmau maliuʻia i loko o kaiāulu. Iwaena o lakou i na kēia:ʻeleu palapala (hookuli a me ka roughness); OE palapala (e waiho ana i ka hale); ʻeleu avoidance o kanaka ihe; Mohai a Mohai o ka hana ana o kekahi poe; hoomahuahua ae la lakou makemake no ka pakiko-assertion ma ke kumu o ka hōʻole o ka papa kiʻekiʻe ka hoao ana; overcompensation (paakiki hana) me ke kūlana pale naoh, masking nawaliwali o ke kanaka.

No laila, ua noʻonoʻo mākou deviant hana, a me nā kumu i kauoha ia.