Green-Vermillion Index. ku una kou niho inideka. Lapaʻau ninaninau ma ka dentist

Anei oe i ike pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou elelo pono? Inā 'oe makemake e i ka alohilohi minoʻaka, e pono e aʻo e mālama i ku una ha i kona lua. Ano, aole makou e ho'āʻo e aʻo aku iāʻoukou i kēia.

hygienic Index

Hygienic Index o Green-Vermillion e leie aku oe i ke kiÿeleo i ka waiwai o ka tartar a me ka plaque kaawale. No ka hoʻoholo 'ana i kēia ao eono niho 31, 11, 16, 26 - vestibular pelane, a me ka 36, 46 - lingual. Plaque hiki e ana kūpono me ka dyeing pāʻoihana ( "Magenta", Schiller Pisareva "Erythrosin") paha visually.

ʻO kēia nā loina a me nā ana hoʻohālike o ka kahua niho plaque :

• 0 - ole layering;
• 1 - pahee plaque uhi emi o 1/3 o ka niho pelane, a me ke alo o kekahi helu o hoʻohaumiaʻo hoʻokomo kālā (eleele, omaomao, etc.).
• 2 - nä meaʻai layering e aia ma luna o emi o 2/3, akā, oi aku 1/3 o kaʻilikai molar;
• 3 - palupalu plaque,? Iaeoe? Oi ma mua o 2/3 o ka niho ili honua.

Hoʻoholo 'ana o sub- a me ka supragingival pohaku molar hua mai la i ka hoʻohana' ana dantistskogoʻimi.

More ma mua o ka 'inideka maikai o ka Green-Vermillion? Ka loiloi 'ana o tartar (' Oihana a me nā loina) mea like penei:

• 0 - pohaku i ole i loaʻa;
• 1 - supragingival palapala moʻopane pani emi o 1/3 o ka niho pelane;
• 2 - ho okumu, Ua hoonoho ma ka nui aʻe ana e uhi ana i emi iho malalo o 2/3, akā, 1/3 o ka niho pelane, a imua o kanaka nodules i loko o kona cervical māhele'āina;
• 3 - supragingival layering pani oi ma mua o 2/3 o ka niho pelane, a nui pohaku nodules ke aupuni 'e pili ana i kona'ā'ī.

Green-Vermillion inideka e ho omaulia ma ka hoʻokuʻi i ka loina hua mai la no kela mea keia mea o kona oihana mua me ka mahele ma ka helu ana o Kekoa a? Anoee e pelu ana nō ia nā mea.

cliche

ka i ka ho omaulia haʻilula ua noi mea like penei:

IGR-y me = ka huina o ka plaque / Kekoa helu + huina o ka pohaku / helu o surfaces.

Ano o ka 'inideka (GPI-aiee ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lapaau) ua manaoia ai:

• 0,0-1,2 - immaculate;
• 1.3-3.0 - ana;
• 3,1-6,0 - haʻahaʻa.

Green-Vermillion inideka i ka kēia aiee o ka hae plaque:

• 0,0-0,6 - immaculate;
• 0,7-1,8 - aho;
• 1,9-3,0 - hewa.

KPU indices

I ka hoike i ka indexes o kou niho o ku una ha i ka lua? Kekahi o na kumu o ke kahua niho coefficients (KPU) hōʻike i ke ka nui ana o ka awi aku. Ka leka "K" 'o ia hoʻi ka nui o ke poho i ka niho, "P" - i ka helu o ka wepa, "U" - i ka helu ia e wehe' ia ai dismantled niho. Ka huina o kēia mau loina i hāʻawi mai i manaʻo e pili ana i ka hooulu ana o ka awi aku kaʻina i loko o ka ua kanaka.

Aia i ekolu ke ano o ka CPU kaʻi lau waiwai:

• KPUz - i ka helu o carious niho, a hoola iho la i loko o ka hoao ana;
• KPU Kekoa (KPUP) - helu o ka lukuia maka;
• KPUpol - i ka nui o ka e hoʻopiha ana i a me caries recesses.

ʻO kēia nā hoailona e hoʻohana no ka hale paʻa 'niho:

• KP - helu o ka hakina niho, a hoola iho la ia pōkole nahu;
• KP - huina o amo surfaces;
• CPR - helu o carious lua a me nā wepa.

Nalowale i ka hopena o ke kino loli 'ole he lolelua ka extracted niho ma occlusion i mālamaʻole. I keiki e neʻe ka wā mau niho ka hoʻohana i ka hoʻohui pū ana i nā coefficients: CPU a me ka CP. E kuhikuhi i ka pono nui o ka maʻi hōʻuluʻulu nā degere. CPU 6 me 10 hoʻopaʻa aku hoʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe pinepine 'palaho 3-5 - lōpū, 1-2 - lalo.

Mau ka lākiō. Mai e hōʻike i ka maoli kiʻi, no ka mea, ka mea, i mau hewa:

• noonoo a extracted niho, a disinfected;
• hiki wale hoonui me ka makahiki, a ma manawa olalo e pāʻani i ka mua carious lesions;
• e ole ae i ka mooolelo o ka loiloi mua poino.

hoʻoponopono flaws

Nui flaws nā hoailona KPUz a me KPUP nō lākou ka maopopo 'me ka hoʻoulu palaho ku i ke kahua o ka hou cavities i loko o nā niho hoolaia, lilo o ka sila, kiʻekiʻe caries a me ka like aʻe.

Ai iiiaanoaa caries ho'āʻo i ka pakeneka. No keia hapa o ka poe i ike i kēia maʻi (koe wale no mea nui demineralization), puunaueia e ka heluna kanaka hoʻokolokolo i loko o keia hui, a hoonuiia ma hoʻokahi haneri.

I mea e Loiloi i ka ala ana o ka niho palaho i loko o ka ua māhele 'āina, ka hoʻohana' ana i na oaeuiinoe prevalence ana i waena o nā kūlana o ka umikumamalua keiki:

• Low pinepine 'ilikai - 0-30%;
• Pili - 31-80%
• nui - 81-100%.

'inideka CPITN

Makahiki paha hygienic ano o ka moʻolelo o ka lua i wahi ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi mau indices. E hoomanao i CPITN kaʻi lau waiwai. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o lapaʻau mea e kanaka hoʻoponopono, a ana i ka moku'āina o periodontal. Me keia inideka kākau wale i kela mau ouli a hiki hoʻomaka e hoʻomōhala i loko o ke ku pono kuhikuhi (tartar, li nui o ka nui aʻe ana, i ko kakou hoahewaia e kahe ana ke koko), a aole hoi i lawe i loko o ka nui o ka irreversible loli (ka hoʻoneʻe i nā niho, nui aʻe ana recession, make o epithelial IeIIeYOA).

Me i paʻa kaʻina CPITN hope. Kēia ololi ua i hoʻohana 'ia no ka lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻolālā. Ua nui loa ka pono i ka mämä holo o ka 'ike, ka maʻiʻo ike, pono io, a me ka hiki, e hoohalike i nā hualoaʻa. Ka nele no ka doctoring hoʻoholo ma luna o ka muli o kēia mau kailaʻae:

• pā'ālua X 'ole 0 ia hoʻi, i ka mea, aohe pono, e hana i ke ahonui;
• 1 Hōʻike i kekahi kanaka e lawe mālama maikaʻi aʻe no ka moʻolelo o ko lakou lua;
• 2 He mea ia mea e pono e hoʻopau i nā kumumea mea e pono ai i ka lohi o ka plaque, a paka 'oihana kou niho;
• Code 3 Hōʻike paʻa mau ha i kou niho a me ka curettage, a IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ho'ēmi i kā li nui a me ka eke ka hohonu emi i nā loina uuku ma mua a me ka ewaewa ole i ka 3 mm o;
• 4 mea e hōʻoia 'kūpono mucosal ku una kou niho, e like me hohonu curettage. Ma keia hihia o kekahi hui lapaau.

PMA

No laila, ua hoʻomau ma e loaʻa mai i ke ola 'inideka. alveolar-papillary-marginal inideka (PMA) ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hoʻoholo' ana i ka oolea o ke gingivitis. He nui na ano o keia huahelu, akā, ua noʻonoʻo o ka loa e like me ka ololi ma PMA Parma nā loli. Ke alo aku o ka niho (oiai ka malama ana ke kuʻikahi, dentition) kākau i loko o e like me ka makahiki o ka 15 makahiki a 'oi - 30 niho, 6-11 makahiki - 24 12-14 - 28. maʻamau, ka PMA kaʻi lau waiwai o' Aʻohe.

Children ka Care

He aha ka ke 'inideka Fedorov-Volodkina? E hoʻohana i mea e ike ai i ko ka hoʻomanawanui mea he wati maikaʻi ma luna o kona mau niho. Keia anakahi E e hoʻohana i ka Loiloi i ka ano o ka waha o na keiki i ka 5-6 makahiki. E hookupaa i kona study labial maka o eono niho.

Me ka kūikawā pāʻoihana niho i kohuia, a kūpono i ke alo o ka plaque ma luna o ia mau mea. Hoʻoholo 'ana o sub- a me ka supragingival pohaku dantistskogo i hana ka hoʻohana' ana i kaʻimi. I ka ho omaulia ana o ke kaʻi lau waiwai huina o na helu i loaa mai ai no kēlā me kēia hehee ai ma ka helu o ka mahele Kekoa? Anoee, i ukali ia e pelu ana nō ia i ka na loina.

kūmau

Fedorov-Volodkina Index (1968), a ua e hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ko kakou aina.

Mua, potasiuma-iodide pāʻoihana o ka iodine-i kohuia kapa ili o ka mua lalo niho eono. Hygienic inideka ua nānā 'ia mai i ka nui o ka kūponoʻano, a laila ka mea i loiloi' ia e ka elima-wahi hana, a ua pōpilikia e like me ka haʻilula Kcp = (ΣKu) / n, ma:

• DAC - mau hygienic, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hiʻohiʻona;
• Ku - ola huikala ana o kekahi niho;
• N - helu ana o na niho.

Colorization ma ka pelane o ka pāpale aliʻi, he 5 puan; 3/4 - 4; 1/2 - 3; 1/4 - 2 points; ka nele o ke ano - 1. Ma ka maʻamau olakino kōmi e ole oi 1.

PHP

A me ka mea mau i ka mea maikai indices o ku una ha ola? Muli o kona kulana, he pono ole o ka ka hoʻokōʻana ololi (PHP). Huina helu o ka plaque pena eono niho. Ka 'inideka he pōpilikia ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ke kivila no kēlā me kēia niho ma ka summing na nā loina no kēlā me kēia ciia. Eia, a pau nā loina o nā niho nānā 'ia ai i hoʻohuiʻia, a me ka kūpono huina i puunaueia ma ka helu ana o na niho.

Ka aesthetic ke keʻena

ola kino 'inideka ia olelo i hoʻohanaʻia e nā kauka niho. pili aesthetic kahua niho nahu anakahi e hooholo i ke kūlana. Ua fixes ke kulana o na niho, a me ka nahu 'ole i loko o transversal, sagittal a me vertical kuhikuhi. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia me ka 12-makahiki-Nalani Olds.

nana

A me ka mea mau i ka hopena o ka hana loiloi 'o ka' inikua ninaninau ma ka dentist? Ua ua ike ia i ka hulina ana o ka poe noho paipai lākou ola iaoiaeii ninoieo o ka hoʻolako 'ana i kā lākou mau hemolele physical? Acaeoey, Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi ma ka hoʻokō i kupono hygienic, prophylactic, pākōlea a me ka pilina hana.

Ke AIM mea, e hooikaika i ka lapaʻau ninaninau, a me ka mālama 'ana o ka lehulehu ola, mahuahua ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau ola.

Lapaʻau o keia hookolokolo ana ua manao ia e hoʻoponopono i ia pilikia.

• makahiki loiloi 'ia o kanaka ola;
• hulina ka mālamaʻana o nā mea maʻi;
• aumeume me ka inoʻano, ka loaʻaʻana a me ka hoʻopau o na kumu o ka niho ka palaho;
• ʻeleu a me ka 'eleu hana o? Aaoeiiiiai a me ka pākōlea ana;
• ka hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ka hoʻokōʻana a me ka pono o ka 'inikua kōkua i ka heluna kanaka ma ka mea o ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi a me interconnected hana ana i nā mea a pau ke ano o ka hui, nui-unahiʻole, i komo o nā kauka o okoaʻoihana kahuna, ai, i ka hoike o oaoieei-kākoʻo, hou ano o unification, ka hanaia'na o ke ÿano nenoai no ka nana ana i ka electorate me ka hooulu ana o kūikawā papahana.

e kiai ana ia keiki

Helu ana i ka Papa kuhikuhi o ka Green-Vermillion, kauka ke hana i kekahi pūʻulu o dispensary kilo o nā keiki:

• Group 1 - keiki, ka poe i ole pathology;
• 2nd pūʻulu - ma ka mea, ola keiki me ka mōʻaukala o kekahi maʻi a huʻi mai aʻole e pili mai ka hana o ka nui nā loko;
• Kolu o ka pūʻulu - nā keiki me ka maʻi illnesses ma ka 'O ke kaulike, a me ka sub- decompensated lākou mau papa.

I lawe mai i ke kahua niho examinations keiki hoʻolauleʻa ai ekolu kūlana:

• Ma ka pae mua, ka mea nana ua hana no kela a me keia keiki kanaka kakau ana, he hou ninaninau i loko o ka haukapila, a laila, hooholo i ka hui outpatient kilo, manaʻo i ka hoomanawanui ana o kēlā me kēia keiki, a Kû ke prioritization examinations.
• Ka lua - contingent i hanaʻia ma ka pūʻulu curation i hoonoho hookahi phasing kūlana a me ke ana study, proportionally puunaueiaʻi kona aina iwaena o ka dispensary nā mea maʻi e kauka, nele māʻona anamanaʻo contingent inpatient a me ka outpatient lapaau.
• I ke kolu o ka - na kumu e hoʻoholo i ke alapine (frequency) a me ka ano o kaʻeleu hoʻomakākiu no kēlā me kēia keiki, pololei PalekanaEND_LINK a me ka pākōlea ana, i kulike ai me ka loli ma ka ola kūlana, loiloi i ka laulā o ka pane-mai.

O ka nui o ka hui o ka hoʻonaʻauao hana no ka Kāohiʻana o ke kahua niho ka maʻi i loko o nā keiki, a me ka hana ana o ka manao ways no ka mea laila hou niho.

nana hapai

I mea e hoʻokō i kā mākou hookoia ma ka Kāohiʻana o kahua niho maʻi, pono ka ōhumu o kahua niho a me ka gynecology, a me na wahine ka ola examinations i ka hāpai keiki. Ma ke kahua niho oihana, lawe mai kauka:

• sanitation o moʻolelo i ka lua;
• ke kōkua ma ka koho o ka walaʻauʻana a me nā 'ano o kou niho, aʻo'ōnaehana waha malama;
• keʻenaʻoihana ola;
• remineralizing Inc maoli ka ia'ku o kahua niho enamel.

caries Kāohi

Radio Definition o Green-Vermillion inideka nui i kūlana ma ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi o ka niho o expectant makuwahine, a ua papahana e loaʻa ai nā Pahuhopu: hikiʻole i ka ulu ana o caries i na keiki ma ka utero a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka kahua niho kūlana o nā wāhine.

Ua ua ike ia o ka makuwahine o ka ola e loli ai i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoomoe ana i ke keiki niho e hoomaka ma 6-7 pule o ka gestation. Kauka Ua hoʻoholo i loko o kekahi mau pathologies fetal 'aʻole hoʻi mineralization o kahua niho enamel a me kēlā wā i kēia wā mahana ma ke kahua o ka iniiaiie calcification. Ma ka postpartum au, ka mea hiki ke laila, akā,ʻaʻole hiki i ka maʻamauʻilikai.

Ka wahine mua ma na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka o ka hāpai keiki deteriorating kahua niho paakiki nā'aʻaʻa a me periodontal ma muli o kaʻilihune hygienic ano o ku una ha i ka lua. I mea no ke aha la e makemake ai e lawe mai kāohi ana like loa me ke kamaiki ua i hanauia mai. Kauka kūkā wahine, e hoopili aku i ka pololei pololei o ka hana a me ka poe i koe, a me ka hoʻokō maikaʻi kino wikamina Inc i.

odontolith

Ka niho ili ka 'ikepili i mau ololi. Ua Ua hana concretions aie i ka mea kēia mau kumu:

• 'aʻe nā māna kaʻina hana;
• i ka maʻa a snacking a me ka hokii, o ka kilakila helu o carbonated kea a me carbohydrates;
• ? eaia ka hapanui paheeʻai;
• maʻi o ka mea na nā loko;
• pūnuku puhi a me ka waiʻona hainā.

Ma kona haku mele 'ana, ma-a subgingival na pohaku mai kekahi i kekahi i kekahi mau mea okoa. Ma ka mea mua predominant paʻapuna, makanekiuma a me ka kalipuna posapahate. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea nui paakiki. Ka lua o ka ua i hana mai kahua niho plaque, a iloko ona i kakauia he nui nui o ka ai residues, epithelial keena, mucus, koʻohune pili i h ÷ tuha.

He aha ka i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻiaʻana o ka moʻolelo i ka lua? Me ka mea pale aku i ke kahua o concretions. Kauka paipai aku regular kahua niho kipa, a hoʻohana kahua niho floss, toothpaste a me flawless kiʻekiʻe-kbps brushes. Ua mea i hiki i ka pili toothpicks a rinses ka moʻolelo lua.

'ōlelo

A, ano, e nana i ka maemae o ka alelo. Inā keia kino mea,ʻaʻole he kaua - kou digestive kahua ola. Mai ka lā o Hippocrates, kauka noi i ka hoʻomanawanui, e hōʻike i ka 'ōlelo. Ua ua ike ia mai ke kino ma kona ili kipaku kilakila nui o ka slag. Inā ka'ōlelo loaa koʻohune, e lilo ia i meaʻawahia.

Ma keia kino he lehulehu papillae, bumps a me ka lua, a me moku (particles) e palemo ai ai. Ia mea ke kumu o ka 'ōlelo o ka pulakaumaka o na koʻohune. Ka mea, e lawe me ka tuha ma luna o nā niho, a me ka mea hou,ʻikea hoʻopailua hanu - halitosis.

Inā he kanaka mau huikala ai i ka 'ōlelo, keʻeʻe ma i ka maʻiʻaʻai i loko o kona kino, ua huikau, i ka pā lonoaʻili o ka ho'āʻoʻana receptors, piʻi pū, ua ālai' gingivitis, digestive'āpana kāna hana, periodontal maʻi, niho ka palaho.

Keia kino Pono e kepa ai a pau, pakahi aku la ia paka a me ka poe i ka "Leeuwerikplein" 'ōlelo, ma ka ili honua o ka i mea hohonu nā pā a me nā kaha.

Mālama i ka 'ōlelo hana ma hope o ua holoiʻia niho a me ka waha vypoloschen. Mua, ka koʻohune i wehe 'ia e pūlumi ana me ke kapuai hookahi (mai ka waihona ipu, e kńhuli i) ma kekahiʻaoʻao o ke kino, a laila, i ka mea' ē aʻe. A laila, ma ka 'ōlelo opa ai ka palaki 3-4 manawa, e kau ma luna o kona nulu'Īkalia a mālie kope i ke kino, mai ke kumu a hiki i ka lihi. Next oe Pono, e holoiʻia ia i kou waha, pili i ka tuko pīlali hou, a ku ia no ka 2 minuke. Ma hope o nā mea a pau kēia mau manipulations hiki ke holoi aku me ka wai.

Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka alelo mea he nui ke keʻena o ka mālama. Hoʻopau plaque, mucus, ai koena, me ka hoohuoi ana i ka ili o ka niho, maikaʻi kūikawā scraper paha palaki (hiki e pahee). Disinfectant tuko pīlali waiho ma luna o ka groomer, hoopiha ana i na wahi i wāhiʻia ma waena o ka filamentous papillae. Ma liquefaction, oia 'Imi ke hookuu aku oia oxygen, a i ka potent antibacterial ha awina ma anaerobic microflora o ku una ha i ka lua. Inā kekahi manawa hana i kēia kaʻina hana, i ke kahua o ke kahua niho plaque ua hoemi ia e 33%.

Mouthrinse

He nui nā mea maʻi i noi mai: "He aha mea, e holoiʻia ia i kou waha," Inā 'oe i wela ai nui aʻe hiki ke hoʻohana antimicrobial (antiseptic) a me Anati-inflammatories. Antiseptic ai 'hana ma ka koʻohune i i suppuration. Anati-hoʻoʻino ai 'mea kokoke i kanawai ma na nā mea hoʻomaʻi, akā, e hiki' ūlōlohi i ka maʻi o ka ulu ana.

No laila, i mea e holoiʻia ia i kou waha ina i wela nui aʻe ana? Kauka paipai aku:

• Inā periodontitis ole gingvite hana nāʻano o nā dala, eia nae ka antimicrobial, e lilo lakou i poe pono.
• I ka li nui o ka niho keʻena luawai Pono e pili i ka antiseptic Agena, no kekahi laʻana, "Chlorhexidine".

Inā 'oe ma mua o ka palaoa, e mau holoi i ko lakou lima, a laila, - e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka niho a me ka olelo, oe e e hoomakaukau i sparkling minoʻaka no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.