Haku mele Yakov Polonsky: pōkole Kawaihae, ke akamai, a me ka poem hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

'Aʻole pinepine hoomanao haku mele JP Polonsky (1819-1898) i hana mai i na hana i wale ma ka poetry akā, ma ka Ana Aina. Eia naʻe, nōʻano nui i loko o kona pilialoha hana lilo i Awaits. Haku mele malihini a puni ka leo nui, akā,ʻaʻole indifferent i ka hopena o ka motherland. oia loa mahalo ma o kona "Bell".

uuku'āina

Ka quietest o Ryazan, ma ka liʻiliʻi moku'āina kulanakauhale, ma ka po o ka 6 a hiki i 7 December 1819 hānau pēpē, i elua pule ma hope ka mea, kapa aku la i loko o ka bapetizo Iakoba. Kona makuahine, ua noho ia ma ka poepoe ma ke kiaaina-nui, akā, ma hope o ke aʻo 'ana i kā lākou mau kaikuahine maluhia haawi i hanau ua, haʻalele ka poepoe e lawe mai i ko lakou aloha. Rode Polonsky ua elemakule, ka poe i hele mai Poland, e komo i ka hana o Ivanu Groznomu. Polonsky i kekahi kapa o na mea kaua ma azure kāʻei kua i i depicted ka hoku o eono pepeiaohao, mahiole me ka peacock hulu, a me ka poe hou mahina. Ka makua kāne o ka haku mele hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka maikai hiki ole kiʻi, akā, ua aʻo i ka heluhelu, a kākau, a ua he nani a lima. He ua he olonā i luna, a me ka nui 'ohana koi' ia no ka mea hoaie dala koina. Yakov ua ka mea kahiko keiki, a me ka hou aku la ia, he eono mau keiki. Ma ka hope hanau i make ai kona makuwahine, Natalia Yakovlevna. Ke keiki i ae loa kona make, a me ia mea ia ia i kona makuwahine i kanu ola. E like me ke keiki, Yakov Polonsky pinepine ike weliweli nā moeʻuhane. He ua makaʻu. Wale hoʻomaka i ka hana, hōʻike poetic kiʻi. Ke kaikaina i hai ana ia lakou poʻe hoʻokalakupua manao invented ma ka mea uuku, a hoomaka ae la malū e kākau poetry.

ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻe

Yakov Polonsky Ryazan puka 'o ia mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma ka 1838. Ma keia manawa, paʻa haihaiia koʻu makua kāne i, a, ua mālama lākou i ka make ana o kana mea i aloha ai wahine makahiki ekolu i loko o ka Caucasus, hoi aku la oia i kona aina. Ma ka hihia o nā keiki,ʻo ia i i ālai ia 'aʻe. Akā,ʻo Iakoba i ka hanana a aole ia i manao i ka milestone o kona ola. I ka makahiki 1837 kipa aku la ia i ka Ryazan Tsesarevich Aleksandr Nikolaevich, pu ma VA Zhukovsky. Young Iakoba Polonsky hooku iho la ia i ka wā e hiki mai ia Auguseto kekahi o kona mau puke i haku ai. Kēia hālāwai ua pili i na manao a pau o ke kanaka opiopio me ka palapala, ai 'hana. Mai ka 1838 i ka makahiki 1844, makahiki, Yakov Polonsky Pilikanaka ma Moscow University. He ua ilihune loa, no ka mea, ua paʻa devastated ka 'ohana, a hiki wale hilinai aku maluna o ko lakou ikaika. Nahae hale noho i loko o nā slums i e e he ola ma ke aʻoʻia a me nā haʻawina. Aia he mau lā ka wā awakea, a i ole ia ia. Ua i, e hana me ka kī a me ka'ōwili. I loko o kēia wā, ua pili loa ike me A. Grigoriev a me A. Fet, like lākiō i hookahi talena o ka ui haku mele. Hooeueu ae la i, ka mea paʻi i loko o "Notes o ka Fatherland" i ka 1840, ka poem "Sacred hōʻuluʻulu bele hoailona." E kahalina o nā hoa ma Moscow i hoʻonui. Ma ka hale o ka mamo o ka Decembrist Nikolai Orlov, Yakov Polonsky halawai me Kumu T. Granovsky, poe akeakamai P. Chaadaev. ¶ A i ka 1942, oia lifelong hoa me Ivan Turgenev, a e kokua i ka hoalauna ana.

Collection o "Gamma"

I ka makahiki 1844, Petr Yakovlevich Chaadaev 'Imi kaʻohiʻana' iaE ke kala no ka puke o ka buke mua o ka ui haku mele. Lyrics Lermontov haʻalele i ka hoailona ma ia mea. Akā, Belinsky like me ka poe haawi i ka maikaʻi loiloi. Ke manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni kaulana i loko o ke kumu holoholomoku "maemae poetry hehee ai". Nikolai Gogol rewrites no lakou iho i kekahi o na poem. VA Zhukovsky hooku iho la ia i ka bipi haku mele huahelu, e hoike ana ia ia i ka mahalo 'ia i kona tālena. Lev Sergeyevich Pushkin hāʻawi akula iā ia i ka makana invaluable - ka waihona kālā pili ana i kona ano akamai kaikuaana.

Odessa

Ua noho a neʻe maila i ka hema, a me ka Kawaihae o ke ola o Yakova Polonskogo piha hoalauna me ka poʻe o Pushkin ka p ÷ ai. Harmony a mōakaaka i emi iho i ka lua o ka ohi ana o ka haku mele, "poem 1845". Naʻe Belinsky i i loaʻa ia i kekahi holomua huahana.

Caucasus

Ka makemake e kiʻi hou nā manaʻo alakai Yakov Petrovich ma Tiflis i ka 1846. Ua lawelawe 'ana me ka oihana o ke Kiaaina o MS Vorontsov, a ma ka mea ia manawa hana ana ma ka nupepa "KA LAHUI o ka Transcaucasian" hope hoʻoponopono. Ma ka mea,ʻo ia, a pai ia. Ma ka mea lahaʻole mea o ka Caucasus, oia ke imi i ka hana i loko o ka hana kuʻuna 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke o Mele a me ka poem. I ka Ia manawa, e hoʻohana emi, he pono ole raznostopnye nui like 'ole. I ka makahiki 1849 i ka haku mele hookuu i ka ohi ana o "Sandazar". Akā, i ka MH 1851, ua hiki ia Rusia i aʻo e pili ana i ka maʻi nui o kona makua kāne.

Petersburg

No laila, Yakova Polonskogo Kawaihae i kāna moʻolelo o kona hoʻi i Rusia, kahi āna i ikaika i loaa ma ka heluhelu a me nā kākau moʻolelo. Akā, i ka mea e pono ai, aole ia i ole. I ka 1857, ua haʻakoiʻia e lilo i repeater. Ma keia naʻe,ʻo ia accompanies ohana SA Smirnova-Rosset, mai ka loa a me ka lolelua ka paʻakikī i Kuikilana. Akā, 38 makahiki - keia mea hou o ka makahiki, i ka wa e hiki tolerate na mau manao wale ana o nā haku. A mau mahina ma hope o kona pii ana i ka lāʻau kū, a kipa ma Geneva, Roma, Paris.

enamored haku mele

Ma ka Palani poʻo ua he "ona e halawai" e like me ka mea i kapaia o ka haku mele, a me kona wā e hiki mai wahine. Keia kaikamahine, Elena Ustyuzhskaya, ua opiopio, ma ke aloha a me ka mare ana i, e kali no ka pili ana o ka makahiki. I ka makahiki 1858, ka mea ho'āpono mare, a hele aku la i St. Petersburg. Kona fiancee ua noʻonoʻo i loko o ka wā e hiki mai kane ma loko hanohano. Auwe, ke mare ua pōkole-i noho ai. Just mau makahiki he lākou pomaikai. Ma mua, ka mea iʻino ihola kulu Yakov me droshky. He nui ino iki mai kona wāwae, a hāʻawi akula iā ia i koena a me ka hopena o ke ola, a me ka mea, he e hoʻohana 'oaʻiʻo. A laila, make eono-malama ke keiki, a me kekahi mau mahina ma hope, a me kana wahine. Eia mea he manawa pōkole Kawaihae Yakova Polonskogo e pili ana i kona mare mua. Wistful haku mele pakī mai, mai ka hohonu o "Ka Seagull" i ka uhane o ka poem, "kaʻuhaʻuha, o ke kaumaha," "Inā wale nō kou aloha ...".

lua o ka mare

Palapala, ai 'royalties e hiki ole, Yakov Petrovich, a hoʻomaka i ka hana ma luna o ke Komite o ka haole censorship. 6 makahiki ma hope o ka'opi o kona mare mua, oia haule i loko o ke aloha me Zhozefinu Ryulman. Kēia puke na welau a me ka mare ana, i makemake e hanau na keikikane elua a me ke kaikamahine. Kona wahi i hana i ka palapala, ai '-bila Salon, a ma luna o Fridays e hele ana i ke kala Petersburg intelligentsia: haku mele, kākau moʻolelo, i ka haku mele, pena, kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Aia mea i hoʻolapalapa ai nohona kuʻuna o ke kulanakauhale alii. Ma keia manawa pōkole Kawaihae o Yakova Polonskogo i loko o kā mākou hōʻike ua manawa e hele mai ana i ka hopena. Ma hookahakaha o ka 50th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka palapala, ai 'ha awina o Polonsky ia i kumu kāki i ke kālā lei a me Grand Duke Konstantin Romanov hoolaa i ka poem.

Romance i hua'ōlelo Polonsky

Romantic, ho'āʻo nei e pane i kaiapili-kālai'āina nīnūnē, akā, i loko o kā mākou mau naau ua pili me ka Awaits. Yakov Polonsky, nona poem aloha ma na mea he nui Lūkini i ka haku mele, no ka mea, he nui ike, mua o nā mea a pau, i loko o nā hua'ōlelo, "kaʻu ahi i loko o ka ohu malamalama". Eia mea he papa inoa o nā mele ma kana mau olelo, mamao-loa kāpili:

• haku mele EF Napravnik:

Birdie: "Ua ke maemae ea kahua";

Waltz "Ray o Hope";

Prayer: "E ko makou Makua! Keiki nonoi: e hoʻolohe ... ".

• SV Rachmaninov:

Halawai: "Inehinei mākou hālāwai ...";

Music: "A e au, a ulu mau kupanaha mea kani-...";

Dissonance: "E ka makemake o ka hoʻopaʻi ...".

• AG Rubinstein:

Duma: "ke kapu bele ikaika akuʻoe kani ...";

Loss: "I kekahiʻano o ke kaawale ana ...".

• Pi Tchaikovsky:

"Lokahi Lani, i loko o ka malu flicker".

Ma ke ala, Tchaikovsky Polonsky kakau iho la i ka libretto o ke keaka mele "Ka Slippers". Ma waho aʻeo ia ia i kekahi poe he uuku o ke mele i heluʻia i loko o kēia 'atikala, e hiki i kapa ai i ka hana o ka Bunin ua laina mai ka poem e J. Polonsky i loko o ka inoa o kekahi o kona mau moʻolelo,ʻo "I kekahi ninau i na alanui."

Polonsky make ma ka makahiki o ka 78, ua kanu kokoke Ryazan. A e reburied i loko o ka Ryazan Kremlin. All poem Polonsky, Yakov Petrovich loaʻa i ka makaukau pane i waena o kona mau wā, a me ka pili hanauna o ka Symbolists, o ka oi aku ma Blok. I Soviet manawa ia i i puka mai kekahi (!) Of hana hoʻolaʻa ai i kona ola a me ka hana. Ano, Ryazan kēia māhele 'āina hoʻomalu e paʻipaʻi i kēia kahua ma ka hoopuka ana monographs,' atikala, a me nā buke, a hoʻi iā mākou kekeʻe poina haku mele, haʻalele ka nui noʻeau hooilina.