He aha ka i ka moena, a pehea e decipher i ka hua h ÷ ailona?

Moscow Art Kino inoa ma hope o M. Gorky - kekahi o ka mea kaulana loa, kaulana a me ka hanohano i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ko kakou aina. Noʻeau mea kuhikuhi o ka mea hana keaka kaulana Tatiana Doronin.

moena

He aha ka moena? 'O kēia kekahi o ke kapikala ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. All makemake o ke keaka no, o ka papa, kama'āina i kēia mau waiwai palapala. Moena, ua hookumuia ia ma ka 1898. Kona kêia kanaka he KS Stanislavsky a me V. Nemirovich-Danchenko. Kino kekahi mau manawa hoʻololi kona inoa. Ma mua ka mea i kapaia o Art a me ka lehulehu keaka, i ka 1901 i loaa mai i ka inoa o ka Moscow Art Kino, a ua lilo aku ia me ka Moscow Art Kino i ka 1919. Deciphering hua h ÷ ailona - Moscow Art KU¯ Kino.

Mōʻaukala o Kino lā piha makahiki

June 19, 1897 ma ka Hawaii "Slavic Bazaar" e paa ana ia i ka halawai KS Stanislavsky a me V. Nemirovich-Danchenko, i ana no ke kahe ana o e pili ana i ka hoʻonaʻauao kū hoʻokahi hale kiaka mea e hoopili aku ai i na kumu mua i ka muli o ka i hana i loko o Paris "Free Kino" A. Antoine a me Pelelina hana keaka "Free kahua" O Brahma. He He ano pono hou o ka hanaʻiʻo akula nō, nā mea a pau i kahi e eʻoia iʻo, me ka pretentious declamations a me affectedness. Ua ua i manao e hana keaka ho'āmana,ʻo ia hoʻi, a hiki i ka balota kala, he haʻahaʻa, a me kekahi lālā o ka hana ka papa ke lawe mai i ka nani. No laila lehulehu Art Kino (moena) i hanaia.

I ka 1901, i ka hua'ōlelo "lehulehu" Ua ua wehe 'ia mai ka inoa, no ka mea balota kala i ia e hoala mai ai,ʻo Duma hoole i ka Waiwai i ka papahana, a me ka lako e malama ana i ka mea hilahila i ka waiwai kanaka. Luna Hoʻokele a me ka manakia lilo VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, a me KS Stanislavsky alu i ka wela a ka kulana me ka oihana o ka luna kuhikuhi. Ke troupe he pūʻali koa i mea nā haumāna i aʻo hana me Nemirovich-Danchenko, a me ka 'ole-oihana nā mea hana keaka i pâʻani' o ia i loko o nā mea o Stanislavsky.

Ka loa mua? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka hale kiaka i ka pōʻino o Tolstoy ka "Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich", a hoao iho la e e phenomenallyʻana, a me ka koke iho la i loko o ke aloha a me ka hoolohe. I ka pau ana o 1898 ia i wahi no ka "Seagull" Ka Mua AP Chekhov, o ke kahua a hope lilo i mea kaʻao. Kēia iki Teatrika ua maluhiluhi ole, mua, wiwoʻole a me ka huali. A hiki i 1905, i ka repertoire komo pū ka hana keaka ma kākau poe wā o ka hale kiaka wale nō: AK Tolstoy, AP Chekhov, AM Awaawa, H. Ibsen, a ma hope ka mea i hui a me ka panina hana. I ka 1906, ma o kona huakaʻi mua ma kahi e hele ai i ka Moscow Art hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni troupe (ho omńkalakala i kona inoa i ua haawiia mai e mākou ma luna).

Ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hana

Ailona moenaʻikeʻia,ʻaʻole i kekahi manawa, ma mua ka mea i nalowale i ka palapala "A" a ua kapaʻia ka hale kiaka ka Moscow Art Kino. A hiki i 1902, i ole i ka troupe lākou mau hale, a me nā hōʻike, i hōʻike 'ia i loko o ka eiaaioa? Lumi me ka lumi no 815 noho. E mālama pono i ka hoʻopaʻa i ka ', costumes, hai hou aku a me ka hoonohonoho nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao uaʻaʻohe wahi, nolaila, ua he pono e hoʻololi i ka lumi. i haawina no ka hana, ua like moena ua i hoʻolako 'ia e ka moku'āina a me ka uku hoolimalima i ka hale nāna. Aiaʻo ia mea ma luna o ke dala i loaa mai i ka uku, mai balota kuai, a mai Kau waihona. Kekahi o ka poe i ua hoʻopuka kālā i loko o ka hale keaka, ua he kaulana Morozov, nana i hope loa ma luna o ka kaʻoihana kālā o ka Moscow Art Kino. Kona manao e pili ana i ka hoolimalima ana o ka hou hale, kona ke kūkulu houʻana a me ka lako a pan. I ke kauwela o 1902, e like ekolu mahina ma lalo o ka hale kiaka i hoomakaukau hou i ka hale o Lianozov kahi o ka poʻe hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka Akuma ka o 1902. I ka mea hou hale i ke keʻena i papahana no ka 1.200 nā kanaka mākaʻikaʻi, i lako pono i ka loa me ka turntable, a ma lalo o ka mea, waiho capacious hale kūʻai i nā mea hoʻonani. Ke pale ia i ma ka hāʻuleʻana kahi o ala, a me ka lokomaikaiia mai i ka höʻailona o kaulana o ka Moscow Art Theatre - he seagull, i soars ma luna o nā nalu.

ka Soviet au

Mai ka 1906, hoomaka ae la i ka hale kiaka apau i manawa i ka hopena o ka hoa pāonioni ma waena o ka Stanislavsky a me Nemirovich-Danchenko. E like me ka hopena, ka mea hōʻole i ke HI--i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, eia nae i ka nahā i ua i loko o kā lākou makakū hui ana. I ka 1919, i ka troupe, a hele aku la ma ka huakaʻi ma moku'āina kulanakauhale, i hookiia mai ai mai ka Moscow no ka mea, o ke Kanawai War, a ia laila, hoʻoikaika ihola e hele i waho, a me wale i ka 1921, ua hiki ke hoʻi lākou.

I ka 1920 i ka hale kiaka i ke kiekie ai i ke ano o ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me kahi ikea mai moena moena ailona.

1922 i koho ia e ka mea i hapa o ka troupe o nā mea hana keaka, alai ae ma K. Stanislavsky, elua makahiki holoholo mākou iʻEulopa, ua hoʻoholo ihola e noho ma kahi e,ʻaʻole makemake e hoʻi i ka USSR. I ka 1923, Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko i he reorganization o ka troupe, like K. S. Stanislavsky manaoio i pau ka liu o na nā mea hana keaka i ka uhane, aole hou imi i ka ulu, he mumulu mai nā, hao nui uku, a ua emi loa ka hoʻoponopono-ka paulele aku. Ua nui nā mea hana keaka i ua UAIAaIN ma ka hou a me ka opiopio, i ka ua i ka impetus no ka hooulu ana i ka Moscow Art Kino.

Ua lawe ia ka repertoire o ka papa kuhikuhiE wahi ma ka hula playwrights o ka manawa, eia nae panina hana no hoi i wahi, a ma luna o ka muli o kā lākou mau hana, he mau hana hoʻonaʻauao kū hoʻokahi. Ka loa kaulana hana o ke au he "Lā o Turbines", "mea e kahiko ai aʻo 'ia 14-69", "Kamehameha Day a me ka Marriage o Figaro." Ma ka 1930s, oko ma waena o Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko a me KS Stanislavski i hiki aku ai i ke kali, a ma ka makahiki 1934 haʻalele ka Moscow Art Kino Stanislavski.

I ka 1932 i ka hale kiaka ua i ka inoa Maksima Gorkogo i haawi mai ai, i ka mea ma lalo o ka malama, e hookomo ma ka repertoire o kana mau hana.

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o VN Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Art Kino Holo ka Arts Aha.

I makahiki 1950-1960 i ka hale kiaka ua i loko o ka hoʻoponopono ulia, o ka nele o ka papa kuhikuhi i alakai ai i ka mea e nā alakaʻi iā lākou iho he nā mea hana keaka, like me ka hopena o ka hapa nui o ka hana keaka, ua ephemeral, i ka hoolohe i lawa, ka hiʻona haule iho, a ma ka like inaina i noho aliʻi ai.

I ka 1970, ua hoonohoia ka mea akamai ahalunakanawai a hiki i ke kia o ka luna kuhikuhi O. Efremov, ka mea ha hou ke ola i loko o ka hale kiaka, o ke kahua i ka moʻo o ka poʻokela hana ana, i ka troupe hōʻano. A hiki aku ka mea hele mai i ke Moscow Art Kino o ka hiʻona. Ka mea wale nō mea i ka mea,ʻaʻole ia i lanakila - o ke kahua ma ka hui, a ho'ōla alakai ai i ka mea i loaʻa i kekahi troupe mahae i loko o 2 eaaa?, Kela mea keia mea o ka a i kona mau repertoire a me kona mea kuhikuhi.

Moscow Art Kino. AP Chekhov

Soon a pipili ma ka hapalua o ka troupe i lilo iho i loko o nā hookaawale hale kiaka, a me ka hopena ma Moscow ua mau Moscow Art Kino. i kēlā me kēia o ia kona mau alihi kaua. He aha ka mea i ka Moscow Art Kino inoa AP Chekhov? 'O kēia kekahi o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni hou elua, i hana mai i ka mahae. Kino o AP Chekhov alakai ma Oleg Efremov. I ka makahiki 2000, ma hope o kona make ana, lilo 'o ia i ke poo o Oleg Tabakov, paa o ka oihana i keia la. Mahalo iā ia, hana hou ia i ka repertoire, a ua nānā 'ana ma luna o panina hana i kēia manawa. A hana hou i ka poe nui. I kēia lā, i waena o nā nā mea hana keaka o ka hale kiaka ka mea, he mea kaulana inoa me K. Habensky, M. Porechenkov, a he nui na mea e ae. I ka 2004, ua nalowale i ka inoa o ke keaka palapala "A", a 'o ia hoʻi "hoʻonaʻauao", a me kēia manawa ka mea, ua kapaia ka Moscow Art Kino kapaʻia ma hope o Chekhov. 'Oiai, ua ole hoʻololi ka kūhelu inoa, ka mea, ua loli wale ma ka pelaha,. I keia la ano (e like me ka unuhi) moena? Ua like me ma mua o ka hale kiaka e hina - Moscow Art KU¯ Kino. Ua Ua Aia i loko o ka Chamberlain Lane.

Kino Doroninoj

He aha ka ka Moscow Art Kino inoa ma hope o M. Gorky? Kēia lua o ka hana keaka, i hanaʻia ma hope o ka mahae i ka 1987. He kainuʻu ia Tatiana Doronin. Pehea ku ka Moscow Art Kino inoa ma hope o M. Gorky? Ke pane Ua loa puni hoʻi: ka Moscow Art KU¯ Kino inoa ma hope o Maksima Gorkogo. Ua Ua Aia ma Tverskoy Boulevard. Moena holo T. Doronina hanohano malaila i na mooolelo a i hoʻomohala i loko o ke au o Stanislavsky. Ma ke kahua i panina na apana me ka hoihoi hou ia e kauoha ana Nemirovich-Danchenko. I ka höʻailona o ka Moscow Art Kino inoa ma hope o M. Gorky mea he gull hoʻolahalahai ma luna o nā nalu.

School-Studio

He aha ka ka Moscow Art Theatre School-Studio? Kēia kula o ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe, a ua maopopo ma ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni o AP Chekhov. Here e hoomakaukau no ka wā e hiki mai nā mea hana keaka, alakaʻi, a me nā hoʻohua. Open o Nuioka ma ke kula i loko o 1943 ma ka Initiative o Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. 6 mahina ma hope o kona make ana, i ka inoa o ke kula ma hope ona. Kēia kulanui hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kekahi o ka loa a me kaulana kaulana i loko o ke aupuni, he mea loa paʻakikī e hana no ka mea, o ka mea Competition nui. No ka laʻana, ma ka hope oihana o ka hoʻokūkū mea ma kahi o 30 kanaka ma ka wahi. I waena o nā haumāna puka o ka Moscow Art Theatre School kapaʻia ma hope o VN Nemirovich-Danchenko, he nui ka helu o ke kaulana nā mea hana keaka: L. Bronevoy, E. Evstigneev, T. Doronin, O. Basilashvili, A. Filozov, Vladimir Vysotsky, N. Karachentsov, E. Proklova, A poepoe, Mironov a me na mea e ae.

Ke repertoire o ka Moscow Art Kino inoa ma hope o M. Gorky

I ka hoolohe, ma ka liʻiliʻi loa koke kipa i ka Moscow Art Kino, no ka hapanui loa haalele iho i kou manaʻo loa hoihoi. Ke'ī mai, i nā'ōlelo o ka manaʻo mahalo puhi i loko o ka helu wahi o na nā mea hana keaka, alakaʻi, decorators. Ma ka hale kiaka i hoihoi 'ole ka hana keaka, nā panina a me ke kālā, a, ma ka hapanui hoopii, ia ka loa mahalo a me ka lehulehu. Ma ka repertoire malaila i kekahi hana no na keiki, i hiki ke kipa i ka ohana.

I kēia lā, i waena o ka mea i nui kaulana:

• "Blue Bird";
• "Kokoleka koa";
• "Ka Haku a me Margarita";
• "Romeo a me Juliet";
• "Russian vaudeville";
• "Kauhale";
• "Vassa Zheleznov" a he nui 'ē aʻe.

heluhelu i kēia 'atikala ma hope,ʻaʻohe kekahi mea i nīnau, e like me ka ke kū i (e like me ka unuhi) moena.

hoa a pau

I ka lā, i ke keaka Ua oi ma mua o nā mea hana keaka 60. 18 o ia i ka inoa o "loaʻa 'Artist o Rusia" a me 13 - i ka inoa o ko "People ka Artist o Rusia".

No laila, i kēia lā akaka ia mai moena, deciphering acronyms a nana e like "Moscow Art KU¯ Kino."