Kamepiula 'ē aʻe a me kekahi mauʻano uilaʻoe - eiiieaen manaʻo, nā loina o ka i mea ole mau maopopo ia e ka hapanui o kanaka. He aha mea he ROM a me ka noonoo o kanaka e pono ai? Ka hapanui o kanaka,ʻaʻole e hiki ke pane i kēia nīnau, e. E ho'āʻo i ka paʻipaʻi i kēia misunderstanding.
He aha mea he ROM?
He aha ka mea mau a me kahi e hana? Memories E heluhelu-wale (ROMs) i nonvolatile iaiyoe. Technologically, ka mea, e hoʻokō e like me ka? Inoaia. I ka Ia manawa, ua loaʻa mai i ka hua h ÷ ailona ROM omńkalakala. Mea lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe no ka ho'āhu ike komo aku la ma ka hoʻohana, a hoʻouka kekahi polokalamu. Ke heluhelu iho-wale iaiyoe hiki ke loaʻa palapala, mele, slike - ia mea, a pau e pono e waiho waho no ka mahina a me ke ahiahi makahiki. dala o ka hoomanao ana, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mea i hoʻohana, hiki ĸokoĸa ana nä pane mai kekahi mau kilobytes (no ka mea simplest maalea me hookahi aniani silikone, examples o i nā microcontrollers) i terabytes. Ua oi aku ka nui o ka ROM - ka oi mea hiki ke waiho waho. Ka buke Ua pololei hapaʻauhau i ka nui o kaʻikepili. Inā ka sila pane ana i ka ninau, mea ROM E e'ī: o ka ʻikepili neeaa, i mea kuokoa o ke DC anakahi uila.
Hard nā pā, e like me ka papa kuhikuhi paʻa pūnaewele lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe
Ma ka ninau o ka ROM ua ua mai la. Ano, e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i mea e mau. I ka papa kuhikuhiE paʻa pūnaewele lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka paakiki holo. Ka mea, i loko o kēlā kēia kamepiula. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia no ka mea, o kona laulā nā papaha o kaʻikepili waho pūnaewele. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa, aia nō i ka helu o ka ROM i hoʻohana multiplexers (keia mea microcontrollers, kīpaku nā kaʻa hāpai a me nā 'ano like lolouila maomeka). A piha like e e pono ai,ʻaʻole wale e maopopo i ke ano o ka ROM. Deciphering i nā hua'ōlelo i pono, i mea e puliki i ke kumuhana.
? Anoe? Aiey a me ka hou ROM uea 'me ka' enehana waihonaʻike
Inā he maʻamau hoʻohana iaiyoe mea,ʻaʻole lawa ka, e hiki ke hoʻohana i koho palena manawa nā papaha i hoʻolako 'ia e ka ROM ma kaʻikepili waho pūnaewele. Kēia ka hana ma ka mea o kaʻenehana hookomo i loko o ka iaiyoe pepa, a me ka USB-waihonaʻike kipaku aku ai. Ka mea, i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka loina o ka mau ana. Ma nā hua'ōlelo, nā ikepili ma luna o ia mau mea hiki e holoiia a ua hoʻopaʻa 'haneri o na tausani o ka manawa.
He aha ia mea i loko o paʻa iaiyoe
Ke ROM Ua haku o nā māhele, a i 'ae' ia e like me A-ROM (no ka ho'āhu lako polokalamu) a me ka ROM-E (no ka hoopuka ana papahana). A ROMʻano A mea hoʻololi uila mea he diode mua, a ua Stitch ma ka mea o ka helu wahi kaula. Kēia māhele o ka ROM hanaʻia i ka papa kuhikuhiE kuleana pili i. Iie hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea mai i i i ka ROM (hiki ke hoʻohana 'perforations a meʻume mākenēki leki, punched pepa,ʻume mākenēki nā pā, pahu, ferrite lugs, dielectrics a me kā lākou mau electrostatic kauoha hoʻomāhuahua waiwai).
Kiʻikuhi 'ole o ka ROM
Kēia lolouila mea ua ana me kekahi mea, a ma ka helehelena kohu i pili i kekahi helu o ka hookahi-iki aeea. Inoaia ROM, hoʻowahāwahā i ka Loaʻaʻia ka manaʻo pohihihi, a seemingly nui pōmaikaʻi, nui uuku. I ka memorizing kekahi'āpana i na hoailona iho la i hiki i ka hale noho (ka wā i kākau 'ia' Aʻohe) a me ka mana lako (ka wā o ka pa alima ua palapala). E hoomahuahua i ka iki iaiyoe keena ma ka heluhelu iho-wale iaiyoe? Inoaia hiki e pili ana ma ka laua. A me Manufacturers hana, e kiʻi i kekahi laekahi huahana, me he ROM? Inoaia me kiʻekiʻe hana e leie aku ia ia e hoʻok & i loko o ke kuai.
dala o ka iaiyoe no ka pono i loko o kela 'enekinia, huahelu
paʻa nui like 'ole oko ma keʻano a me ka manao o ka ROM. No laila, i loko o alodio hale nā mīkini home e like me ka hoomaemae ana machines a refrigerators hiki ke hookupaa lawa microcontrollers (mai lākou me ke koe i loko o kekahi mau umi o kilobytes), a me ka pohihihi keia hihia ua hoonohoia no ka mea hou huikau. E hoʻohana i ka nui o ka nui ROMʻaneʻi, aole i e ano, no ka mea, i ka helu o ka poe liilii, uilaʻoe, a me keʻano hana, aole ia i koi huikau ho. No kēia TV ua koi 'ia mea hou aku i mea hemolele. A me ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka oioi a Me lako a pan e like me kamepiula 'ē aʻe, a mau kikowaena, ka ROM no ka i, e like me ka palena iki, iloko he mau gigabytes (no ka mea, nolaila ia i kuu 15 makahiki aku nei) i ai i na umi a me nā haneri o terabytes o aeaiiuo.
ea paha ROM
Ma na wahi i hoʻopaʻa 'ia me ka mākaʻi hoʻohana' ana i ka metallization kaʻina hana, a me ka ea paha ua hoʻohana 'ia, ua kapaʻia he paʻa pūnaewele mea he ea paha. ilaila, ua lako i ka helu kuhi henua o ka iaiyoe aeee i ka maʻi 10, a me ka hana? inoaia ua koho 'ia e kekahi kuikawa hoailona cs. Iaaiey i kēiaʻano o ka ROM ma ka hola, kūpono ai i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka poe liilii, a me ka unahiʻole, i meakino pono ole, a he koikoi. Akā, nui-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiie, ka mea, i ka makepono i waena o nā mea a pau o ka paʻa pūnaewele maalea, i paʻa ai ia hiʻona.
Schematically, ka huina kaumaha wehewehe aku i loko o ia i huiʻia o ka iaiyoe'ōpū mai conductors auou caiaiai fusible Pūnaewele Puni Honua i ka polycrystalline silikone. Ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie ke kahua i nā mea a pau jumpers a me ke kamepiula ke aloha i nā mea a pau i kākau Logical naehana. Akā, ma ka hoomakaukau polokalamu i mālama ai i ka oi aku anakahi uila, ma i haʻalele Logical naehana. I ka wa ana haʻahaʻa voltages jumper evaporate, a me ka kamepiula heluhelu i ka mea, he Logical Aʻohe. E like me keia rula i programmable heluhelu iho-wale Memories.
Programmable heluhelu Memories wale
New ua kokoke noho iloko o ka manufacturing kaʻina, ia ia ka mea, ua hiki ke 'āinana apau ma medium- a me ka meaʻuʻuku-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Akā, ua manaʻo i kā lākou mau hoʻokau '- no laila i ka polokalamu hiki ke kākau wale i kekahi manawa, (no i ka mea i ke alahaka evaporate hookahi, a no nā mea a pau). No ka mea, o keia hikiʻole, e hoʻohana i ka hou-heluhelu-wale hoomanao, i ka palapala erroneous ia ka wā e loaʻa ia e kāpaeʻia. Kēia maoli i ka waiwai o nā mea a pau i ka hua lako a pan. No ka mea, o ka mea hemahema ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie kalapona, keia pilikia ua hala loa ku i ka manaʻo o ka aeieia iaiyoe haku polokalamu. Ke ala mai o keia kulana i ke kūpono 'ana o ke ROM, i hiki ke hou-hanaʻia mau manawa.
ROM me ka UV paha uila erasable
A ua loaa mai mākou i ka manaʻo i kapaia o "heluhelu wale iaiyoe me ka UV paha uila erasable." Ua hanaia lakou ma ke kumu o ka iaiyoe kaua ma a iaiyoe aeee i ke kupaianaha 'ole. Penei, kēlā halepaahao mea he MOS pākali hoʻolele, kahi o ka puka ua i ka polycrystalline silikone. I 'ano like me ka mea mua mana, pono? Akā, i kēia mau ROMs hiʻona i silikone ua hou hoopuniia e ka insulator ka hō'īpale ka waiwai kupanaha - ka silica i. I ka rula o ka hana ua muli ma ka hoʻokomo kauoha aku la i ka maʻiʻo i hiki ke waiho waho no ka makahiki. A laila, ma laila nā hiʻona o ka abrasion. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka mea, o ka ultraviolet-ROM na manao pono ku ultraviolet na kukuna e hele mai ana, mai ka waho (ka ultraviolet ipukukui, etc.). Ka mea, ua maopopo ia, mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka nanea o ka hana o ka heluhelu wale iaiyoe uila erasable mea a pau e pono like, e haʻalele iā lākou, wale pili i ke anakahi uila. I ka rula o ka pou holoiia i ua ana hoʻokō i loko o ka ROM e like me waihonaʻike kipaku aku ai, a ke ike hiki ma na mea he nui.
Akā, ua he ROM-kaapuni ole i ka hana o ka halepaahao, structurally okoa mai kaʻike mau ea paha ROM iaiyoe. I kekahi manawa, i kēia mau mea i ka mea, i kapaʻia reprogrammiruemymi. Akā, me nā mea a pau i ka pono e loaʻa nō kekahi mau palena holoiia māmā: no kēia hana 'ana e lawe ma kahi o 10-30 minuke.
I loko nō o ka manawa kūpono o ka overwriting reprogrammiruemye mea i kaupalena 'i ana. Penei, uilaʻoe me ka ultraviolet erasure ke ola mai ka 10 a hiki i 100 palapala pōʻaiapuni. A laila, i ka luku keiki o ka pāhawewe i ai palpable ia mea, hooki iho i kuleana pili i. E nānā i ke ano o ia mau oihana mua hiki e hoʻohuiʻia i waho pūnaewele o BIOS papahana, wikiō, a kani pepa no keu awa. Eia naʻe,ʻo kaʻoi loa pili rewriting o ka loina o ka uila erasure. Ke'ī mai, i ka helu ana o rewrites ma ka ano o na manao ka ÷ 100 000 a hiki i 500 000! Aia i hoʻokaʻawale ROM na mea maalea, e hiki ke hana hou, akā, ka hapanui o mea hoʻohana mai e pono ai ia.