"I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha": he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha," Solzhenitsyn

Mākou i noho i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Soviet moʻokalaleo hana, paʻiʻia no ka nuipa a holo, a laila, koke lilo kapu. I mua ka mea wale maiwaena mai o ka hale waihona puke, a laila, e hoʻomaka i ka i hoʻohālua no ke kope, ua pai ia. A laila, ua lilo i mea risky ia i ka typewritten kope (replication o ia hoʻi, ka malamalama e like copiers laila, kokoke i ole, a no ka mea i loaʻa kanu ia e mālama ma lalo o ke kanana 'ana). Ma ka hopena, i ka nui kamepiula o ka poe heluhelu i kekahi moʻolelo a me ka puke, ma ka pono o ko lākou waha nā mea hiki imi ana i ka waha mai ka hoike ma ka liʻiliʻi lākou hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" - kekahi o ia mau hana.

mea i manao ai

I ka 1951, Alexander Solzhenitsyn uaʻoihana kaua i ka makakū manaʻo o ka moʻolelo, ma hope heluhelu ana, na kanaka o ka Soviet Union makemake e hiki e hookolokolo i na olelo a me nā mea kiko'ī o ke ola ana o ka poe pio-pio. Ua ua ma ka'ākau aneea oneiaey, ma ka wā e hiki mai Nobel laureate i hookauwa ole ai lakou i ka hoʻopaʻi. Mai ka wanaʻao (Ua waiho ala maʻelima i loko o ka kakahiaka) a me ke kau i ka papa kuhikuhiE ano noho kekahi a pau ke ola piha o anxieties, luhi, kamepiula a me ka luhi loa. Kēia i, ma ka mea, manao i ka hana a me kona hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" wehewehe i ka maʻamau o ka hana ana o kekahi kanaka mai i ka nunui-miliona dala "hana koa", forged ka aneiai ikaika o ka Soviet? Eia. Mau mea i ka "maopopo kona" hana mai i ka nui kaʻana like 'ana o ka loa wahi lulu huina hoonui o ka Soviet Union ma ka ke kaulike nō me ka powerless, a ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa kauwa, hao a me ka manawa pōloli. About Ka mahiʻai ma kēia moʻolelo i discusses i ka papa kuhikuhiE ano naively o ka naau e makemake ai a hoi mai, mai ke kaua veterans, e pale aku i ka mooolelo kaumaha hopena o ke kauwa, a pili no kekahi hana aku, mai kona poe kanaka maoli kulanakauhale, ia mea pono i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. Naʻe, i ka realities o ke ola pio, he harsher ma mua o ka poʻe o kaʻilihune poe hana o ka like aina. Ka moʻolelo laila, ola wale i loko o ka paʻakikī o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, ma o kona pepaʻo ia i ae mai i hope ma Ryazan, kahi hakahaka A. I. Solzhenitsyn noho i ka 1957.

eiwa lā 'kupanaha

I ka 1959, ka Soviet Union i kaua ole wale e ku e ao imperialism, akā, no hoi me na koena o ka voluntarism, Stalinism, a me nā "isms" e keakea mai ai i ka neʻeʻana i ka malamalama wā e hiki mai. Ua ai hiki mai ia i ka moʻolelo i kākauʻia e ka mua inmate i häʻawi mai ai iä ka moʻokalaleo, Aia ma ia manawa, ma ke kālā no hua'ōlelo, ma ka "au" a "mainstream". He i manaʻo i ka mea kākau i ke alahele e loaʻa ai kona kaulana a me ka pomaikai, aka, ma keia hihia i kekahi mea pōmaikaʻi. Ke poo o ka aoao a me ka moku'āina N. S. Hruschev i loko o kona mau'ōlelo ma ka XXII Ahaolelo Lahui o ka CPSU hana i ka hope kui i loko o ka pahu poʻi o Stalinism (ma ka liʻiliʻi loa i manaʻo ai pela), makaukau e hoike aku i ke kino o ka mea kahiko alihi kaua o ka Ilina o wau nō. Ua i laila, i ka mea kākau i makau ole ke hele kino aku i kana hana ma ka pā hale o Anna Samoylovna Berzer, Ana Aina, oihana luna hoʻoponopono o ke kaulana Magazine "New World". Hele aku la ia me ka mea i kākau lima i ka luna hoʻoponopono Tvardovsky, a haawi aku la ia i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo no ka moʻolelo "One Day ma ka Ivana Denisovicha", hoʻololi i ka inoa o ka mea kākau i loko o ka Ryazan. Pale umauma hoʻokahi Hit ua, ia mea, pau loa, akā, i ke kamepiula ua nō,ʻaʻole ke hoʻokoe '.

Ka paakiki ala i ka puke

Ma mua kilohi, ka huina hoonui o loa ana pahuhopu nei me ka Party laina, kukala aku ma XX, XXI a me XXII Ahaolelo Lahui, hoahewa i ka "excesses". I ka 1961, ka mea, ua kaila e denounce Stalin, akā, no e "mālama i helehelena i loko o nāʻano pupuka." A. Twardowski, ia ia iho, i ka haku ana o ka peni, e hoʻonani i ka noʻeau ma Hawaiʻi o ka moʻolelo, a haawi aku la ia i ke kiʻekiʻe heluʻai, a laila, hāʻawi i ka palapala o kona mau hoa kanaka ma ka shop, haawi mai la i ka mua hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" heluhelu Ehrenburg, Marshak, Paustovsky, Fedin a me Chukovsky, ka mea i kaheaia lākou mahalo. Ka mea, he mea paakiki ole: e enlist i ke kākoʻo mai o ka papa ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni - o Nikita Khrushchev. First Kakauolelo, ka IeAUPIIe, IAa IO loa mumulu mai, i kēia manawa reacted i ka noi o na hoa o ka Soviet mea kākau 'Union mai iā ia. Kona mālamaʻana mea ole wale he hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha", a mea he nń mo o ka waha Fadeeva hoihoi Soviet alakaʻi i heluhelu i, loiloi 'a ua aponoia.

i ka pomaikai

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka umikumamakahi o (November) kahe o "New World" i ka 1962 me Solzhenitsyn ka kikokikona hele aku la i ka holo. Ua kahiliiaʻe 96.900 Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, mai na shelves o bookshops a me nā wahi Sayuzdruk. Hahai 25000th nā pukana, akā, 'aʻole ia e kinai i ka makewai o ka pōloli ma kaʻoʻoleʻa oiaio o ka Soviet kanaka. Synopsis "lā One Ivana Denisovicha" o ka puke ua hoonoho mai i loko o ka oa lumi, a ma o ka lumi kuke, i ua'ōlelo i loko o ka hawanawana ia (loa mau kanaka i manaoio ma ka permissiveness), a me kekahi manawa me ka leo nui (loa koa kākoʻo o ka aoao aupuni a ka lehulehu). I Ianuari e hiki mai ana ka makahiki, "Roman-gazeta" wawahi i ka mooolelo no ka nuipa a me ka hema 700,000th paiia ma ka hoaʻo e ka ia kahiko moʻolelo. A haneri tausani heluhelu i ka mea kākau hou i ka hale paʻi "Soviet kākau moʻolelo", ka hoʻokuʻu 'he okoa ka leo. E like ma ka heluhelu aupuni loa i loko o ke ao nei (a me keia i ka hihia) i ka huina helu o ka pai kope o ka oi ma mua o kekahi miliona i Ua infrequent kŰia. Solzhenitsyn maliu mai i loko o ka Union o Soviet kākau moʻolelo.

Nalowale i loko o ka unuhi

Ke huahana Ua lilo ike elua i loko o ka USSR, a ma kahi e aku. Western heluhelu maʻa e hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, aʻaʻole bother iaʻu iho e aloha lōʻihi hāʻina o nā haʻawina, ia mea he māʻona i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" Solzhenitsyn kakau iho i kekahiʻano paʻakikī 'ōlelo, piha ka lager manaÿo a me ka maopopo leʻa i. Pehea e wehewehe ai i ka Palani i ka hua'ōlelo "hupo" ma ka mea 'o ia hoʻi,ʻaʻole "wahi hepa" a manao, maluhia kau ma luna o ka sloppy ke kākau' ia i nā hana a me ka meaʻai mau ukana paha bolnichke (ma ka huli - he 'inikua Hoʻonaʻauao i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana ai). Ke kumu nui mea mea i ke akamai mea heluhelu, e ola "ma luna o ka puʻu", ka mea i loko o ka USSR pono kīvila ka mea, i ua mahaloia, a ua hiki ke waiho i kekahi. A, oddly lawa, keia simplistic e nānā mea nō pahuhopu nei me ka manaʻo o ka mea kākau o ka hana.

moʻolelo

Hanakimi inoa ua mua "Sch-854" - he hoʻomoana helu i kākau 'ia ma ka apana o ka mea; akeke nui i ka nenelu loa lākeke protagonist ma luna o kona kua a me ka umauma. Moʻolelo A. I. Solzhenitsyna "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" Ua replete me lāliʻi o na pio o ke ola, ma a ka mea kākau pili ia i ka laulā o ka pomaikai a me nā pono kīvila o ke kanaka, ka poe i lilo i ka makemake o ka mea a pau-mana huna mākaʻi? Eia kauwa. Ka mea, moe o kekahi wahi koena (kekahi manawa pono kekahi mau minuke hou kulana), ka mea makemake e hiki mai blizzard, i noa ai ia lakou, mai ka e hele i ka hana. A laila nō i e hopu mai, akā, e ke hope. E kiʻi i ka uuku oi berena a me ka ladle me kekahi apana o ka solder, nā paʻahau uwala - pōmaikaʻi. Pehea hiki ia nā mea a pau i kahi hookahi a hiki masterfully i kākau hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo? "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" - o ka moʻolelo, ulana mai o ka maʻamau ola o nā lāliʻi i e ike i ke kanaka, e like me ka loa imaginative, ina ia i ua ole ua hoano e kekahi mea e like mea.

kanaka

A mau nō naʻe nā moʻolelo i loko o ka moʻolelo e e nń mo. 'O kēia ka moʻoleloʻohana o nā huapalapala, kanaka o kekahi mau ola me ka make a me ka huapalapala. Ivan Denisovich Shukhov kaua,ʻo ia ke hele mai, mai ke kua'āina ohana. A pau i kona hewa o ia ka mea i noho ma ka noho pio ana. Aia He nō he Bapetite Alyosha, a pau ka ike ia ia. Activist Kaisara hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni Film kekahi ole pela, e like me ka pono, he hōʻike, a no laila ia i ole hoʻopau i ka hana. Young Western Ukrainian Gopchik kokua mai i kona hoa kama'āina, Bandera, ka poe i hele aku i loko o ka ulu lāʻau. Moku luna i loko o ka hana o ka Bund ua kama'āina me ka Pelekania, hele aku la ia ia me ia i Arkhangelsk, akā, ma hope o ke kaua loaa ka haawina mai kona o Beritania colleague, a me ka nui hewa. Ma mau, he hailona o nā huapalapala, kela mea keia mea o lakou kiʻiona, a ina ua kakau ia a pau, ia mea olelo lealea, e kiʻi i ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo. "I kekahi lā Ivana Denisovicha" mea he nohona keʻa pauku o ka hui, i kaʻoi koʻi o Stalin ka pono. He hoala ninau e pili ana i ka loa 'ano o ka Communist manaʻo a me ka paipai kona systemic hewa. 'O kēia ke kumu i ka huina hoonui i ua banned ma na seventies.