Ilia Chavchavadze: hana hoihoi biographical kūʻiʻo

Chavchavadze Ilya Grigorevich - Keokia kākau moʻolelo, haku mele, ka luna, champion o kona kūʻokoʻa 'ana a me ka aina kuokoa. I ka 1987, ua canonized ma ka Orthodox Church. Ma keia hihia, ka mea i koho 'ia e ka Uhane Ilia ka Mea Hemolele. I ka hoʻomaka o ka 20th kenekulia ia i noʻonoʻo i ka loa kaulana Chavchavadze Keokia aupuni huahelu. He 'atikala e hoike i kona pōkole Kawaihae. E ka ka hoʻomaka 'ana.

Ilia Chavchavadze: kālai'āina

Ke meʻe o keia 'atikala loaa loio i ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana ma St. Petersburg University. Akā, ma muli o ia ka "haumāna o ka moolelo" i ka 1861 ka mea, he e hele mai i ke kula a hiki i ke kanaka'ōpiopio.

I ka hoʻomaka o ka 1864 Ilia Chavchavadze i hoonohoia hope i ke kiaaina-Nui, a hele aku la ma ka huakaʻi i Kutaisi panalaau. Na ka luna ua e hooholo i ka heluia, o na kauwa a me na konohiki.

Na kekahi eha makahiki Chavchavadze i olelo mai ai ka maluhia uwao ma ka Tiflis mokuna. He pū hana me ka lunakanawai i loko o keia kalana a hiki i 1874. Eia hou kekahi, o Elia i alakai i ka laha ana oʻike heluhelu i waena o ka malu o ka heluna kanaka o Georgia. I ka 1906, ua koho ka haku mele he lālā o ka State Ahakuka o ke alii ko lakou. Ma kona 'oihana pili aupuni e kaua ana no ka mea kū kaʻawale o Georgia. Ma keia manao e ku ei ke alii hana, he mau lālā o ka RSDLP, a me na luna o ka Russian aupuni a pau.

pepehi

I ka pau ana o Augate 1907, Ilia Chavchavadze, nona hana e ho'ākāka 'ia ma lalo nei, e, i hele me kana wahine Olga. Hoeeia e holo ana ma ka wehe kaa mai Tbilisi ke Saguramo. Near lākou, WAINIHA ST koa Tsitsamuri Gigla Berbichashvili (Imeretia, Ivan Inashvili, Pavle Aptsiauri, George Khizanishvili). Kēlā lala o ke koa i ua mea kaua. Chavchavadze huli i ke koa: ". Mai pana, I Like Ilya" Gigla pane: "O ka ke kumu mākou i pio, e wehe i ke ahi." Ma hope iho o ia, ua i ke kani ana o ka pana.

Vakhtang Giruli i loko o kona puke kākau i nā i ka manao o kekahi o na kauka nui loa o ka manawa i kapaʻia Iashvili. Mau nae ia i ua ole he pathologist a me ka forensic nä känaka 'epekema, akā, nema aku i ka' ikepili o ka kūhelu puka Kanawai. E like me ke Iashvili pana aku la ia ia ia,ʻaʻole i loko o ke alo a me ka hope. Ia mea, wehe, mai ka lua o ka poʻe hoʻohālua, a i ole i ike i ke koa i Berbichashvili ke ahi.

olelo

Loa poʻe manaʻo e Chavchavadze ka pepehi kanaka i ole, ua wehe pilikia loa. Ua ho'āpono Berbichashvili nā koa i nā lālā ma ka poe ilihune moku'āina o ko lākou mau mea kaua, a me ka olelo ma ka 'aha hoʻokolokolo i "ka mea i hele mai ma wale." Ka mea, ua hoole i ka alo o ka Customer. Ka wahine kāne make ana o ka haku mele noi i ka Aha, e hoola i ke ola ana o ka poe powa, a pela ka mahalo i ka hoomanao ana o kana kane. Akā, ma ka olelo hooholo o ka "Stolypin ka noho hookolokolo", ke koa i (koe wale pakele Imeretia) i hana.

wale nō

Currently, kekahi i kākau i mea ole kama'āina i ka Keokia 'ōlelo a me ka mōʻaukala, e like me ka Haku kai Bolshevik (Russian). No ka laʻana, e like me ke Kumu Anna Geifman, Ilia Chavchavadze poai puni nationalists alakai i ka paio e ku ei ka Socialist-Democrats. Ka hope alakaʻi i ka Bolshevik Filipp Makharadze. He ua i hauʻoli i ka noʻonoʻo loi o ka polokalamu ma ka aoao o ke alii. He nui ke olonā wāwae o ka pili aupuni kulana o ka Bolsheviks. Geifman Chavchavadze noʻonoʻo i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka pepehi kanaka o kona nui hiʻona me ke kanaka, a me ka mea kākau. A pau i kēia Anna hanau, a ma ka ha awina kālai'āina o Ilya G. e manao ana oia i alakai aku ai i nā kauwa mai'ano'ē socialism.

I mea keia mea i oiaio. Inā ke Kumu ike i ka mōʻaukala o Georgia, au makemake i ua i ka erroneous hopena a. Mua, ka Nationalists i ka manawa kapa kākoʻo ole Chavchavadze a me kona mau hoa paio Nikoladze. Ka lua, ka Democrats Socialists i ole kaʻana like ana ma luna o ka Mensheviks a me ka Bolsheviks. Apana, i ka aoao Ilya G. ua marginal, a i ole loaa i ke koho.

A he mau no hoi'ē aʻe wale nō. No ka laʻana, ka mea Social Democrats noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻokuhikuhi o ka pepehi kanaka o ka malu makai. I ka maka pua o ka haku mele i Anati-aupuni kulana a me kona paio no ka abolition o ka make uku.

hanaia'na

1857 - ka makahiki i Ka wā i lilo ai i ka hoolaha i kana mau hana Ilia Chavchavadze. ka haku mele i ka poem uaʻikeʻia i loko o nā paʻi puke: ka nupepa "Droeba" Magazine "Tsiskari", ua hoʻokumuʻia ia "Sakartvelos Moambe", etc. Akā, me ka poem loa kaulana o aliʻi:. "Mother a me ke Keiki", "kāpena ke kuni," "Dmitry Samopozhertvovatel", "Hemolele", "ka Episode, mai ke ola ana o na poe powa" kakau iho la no hoi Chavchavadze na novels me "ke olokea", "Christmas moʻolelo", "'ē moʻolelo", "palapala hele", "Moʻolelo o kekahi kanaka ilihune", "Katsia-Adamiani" a me na mea e ae.

Ma ke ola o Ilya G. unuhi 'ia i loko o Lūkini mau o kona mau poem. Like no me ka poem, ka Lūkini heluhelu ke heluhelu wale me "kāpena kuni". Ma ke ala, i ka poem a pau i loko o kona wa e ola Chavchavadze, unuhi 'ia i loko o Lūkini, i ohi ia ma ke kaʻawale ohi. Excerpts mai ka mea i paʻiʻia ma ka "Bulletin o 'Eulopa", "Pictorial Review", etc.

ka unuhi 'ana

Ilya Chavchavadze unuhi 'ia i loko o ka' ōlelo o Goethe, Schiller, Heine, Turgenev, Lermontov a me Pushkin. He no hoi i hana ai i kēia ma ka neʻepapa hoʻi, me nā kākau. No ka laʻana, me Ivan Machabeli unuhi 'ia i loko o Keokia "King ka hoʻonaʻauao."

Public hoopakele ae

Ilia Chavchavadze ua he internationalist. No ka mea, he nui na makahiki kokua aku la oia discriminated ku ei ka Armenian heluna o Georgia. I kekahi manawa ka mea, he e lawe ka pilikia no ka pono o ko lākou mau ola. Akā, no ka haku mele i Georgians hui proletarian lāhui kanaka, a me na luna - ka hoʻokahuli aupuni vanguard. I loko nō o ka mea i Chavchavadze Tbilisi alai ae ma ka aina kapa, ia ia no hoi i na proletarians lakou iho, e mele ana, i ko lakou ihoʻike hoʻokumu. Nō hoʻi, Ilya G. kaua i ka Armenian, Ossetian, Lūkini, Turkish, etc. bourgeoisie. I ka 1902, ua paʻi i kona 'atikala "nā pōhaku e nānā, a Armenianʻepekema" ma o ka unuhi Lūkini. Ua i hana i ka puu o ka leo. Ma pili ana me keia Anati-meʻe o kēia 'atikala hana like ole wale ka Armenian bourgeoisie, akā, i haʻalele-'ēheu Social Democrats.

Stalin e pili ana i ka haku mele

I nā makahiki 1895-1896 Ilia Chavchavadze, kona Kawaihae ua hōʻike ma luna, alakaʻi i ka Magazine "Iveria". Aiaʻo ia paʻi ehiku poem o ka haku mele Soso. Young Stalin kākau ihola ma lalo o kēia pseudonym ia ia i loko o Kulanui. Chavchavadze ka hana ua i ke ole nui ma luna o ka wā e hiki mai ke poo o ka Soviet Union. Stalin, a me kekahi mau piko, hoi, manaoio aku la ia i kona poe kanaka i hui pu proletarian lahuikanaka. Kona ia hoʻi mea e pili ana i hooikaika e ana oia i ka papa paio me ka Hekikai o communism a me ka socialism laha i nā mea a pau akā, Georgians. Ma ka hālāwai ninaninau me ka manaʻoe kūkulu he kau wela Michael Chaureliya, Stalin i kapaia Chavchavadze kekahi o ka loa nui mea kākau o ka huli ana o ka umikumamaiwa a me ka iwakalua kenekulia.

paʻa

• Ma ka USSR, lawe aku i ka inoa o ka meʻe o keia 'atikala Batumi State hana keaka Kino.
• G. Image Ilia hoonoho tuko pīlali 20 (Georgia bila).
• I ka 1958, i ka lāʻau kū oihana palapala i hehi iho pau ai i Chavchavadze.
• Ua haawiia i ke Kulanui o Culture a me Western Europa, 'ōlelo i ka haku mele ka inoa.
• Memorial iau publicist wehe i loko o ke kauhale o Kvareli (1937), i ka waiwai o Ilya G. kapaia Saguramo (1951), a Tbilisi (1957).