Karl Haushofer: Kawaihae, kiʻi, kumumanaʻo, nui na hana

Famous a karaima makua kāne o Kelemānia geopolitics, Karl Haushofer ua he kikowaena kii o keia hou hahau, mahope mai o kona olelo inception i ka makahiki 1924 a hiki i 1945. Kona pilina me Hitler ka ua? Eia kekahi no o ka hoʻokahi-kapakahi, a he pololei ole auhau o kana hana, a no ka pāʻani ko lākou kūlana. Keia kahua maluna o nā mea a pau i ke kia-kaua wā. A wale nō i loko o ka hopeʻumi makahiki, ua ulu mau kākau i oi 'O ke kaulike kuanaʻike,ʻaʻole rehabilitating, nae, i kona a me pseudoscience.

Karl Haushofer (Hawaii photo hōʻike i ka 'atikala) Ua hanau August 27, 1869 ma Munich ma ka Bavarian aristocratic ohana a me ka hiehie i ka' epekema, noʻeau a me ka makakū talena. Kona kupunakane, Max Haushofer (1811-1866), ua he Kumu o ke kuana ma ka Palaka Halau o Arts. Kona makuakane, Carl av Haushofer (1839-1895), ma hope o ka mea ana i kapa, ua he pena, i ka mea kākau o? Iie pepa, Kumu o Mineralogy a me Poʻo o ke Kulanui E noa ka o Munich.

Karl Haushofer: Kawaihae

Carl i ke wale ke keiki a Max (1840-1907) a me Adelheid (1844-1872) Haushofer. Kona makua kāne i ke Kumu o ka 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai ma ka ia kulanui. Oia noho haumāna kahi 'ia hiki ole akā, pili i ka Charles, ka poe i loaa ia lakou na hana hoʻonanea.

Ma hope o ua noho mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma ka makahiki 1887,ʻo ia hoʻolālā i loko o ka Prince kuhina Luitpold o Bavaria regiment. Karl ua lilo i luna i ka MH 1889, a nana aku la i ke kaua me ka lokomaikai kiekie hoao ana i ka hanohano kanaka, a me ka lāhui kanaka.

Alahula mau kūlana pâʻani 'o ia ma kona mare ma August 1896 Martha Mayer Doss-(1877-1946). Volitional i aloha hoʻonaʻauao na wahine i ka ole nui ma luna o ka 'oihana a me ka pilikino ola o kana kane. Ua paipai ia ia e hoopii i kekahi me kēia 'oihana, a kōkua iā ia ma kāna hana. Ka mea i kona makua kāne i ka Iudaio, Haushofer e ho okumu ana pilikia i ka Nazi noho alii ana.

Ma 1895-1897 GG. Carl alakai i ka moʻo o ka papa ma ka Bavarian koa kula kēia, ma kāna aʻoʻana i kēia koa mōʻaukala i ka 1894. Eia naʻe, ma hope koke o ka puke mua o ka Ikepili o ka oihana koaʻoihana kaʻa, nema aku ana kekahi o kana poe luna, i loko o 1907, i hoololiia Haushofer i ke kolu o ka mahele i loko o Landau.

apuni ka

lele Carl i ka manawa mua e pakele ai mai malaila, oluolu i ke kaumaha o ka Bavarian kuhina o ke kaua ana o nā kūlana hana ma Japan. Noho ana i loko o East Asia ua lilo ka hoomaopopo ana ololi i loko o kona 'oihana hana kemika a me geopolitics. Mai October 19 a hiki i Pepeluali 18, 1909, la e hele ana me kana wahine ma Ceylon, Burma, India a me Japan. Here Ua hoouna Haushofer i ka German kauoha malu, a laila, i loko o ka 16th Māhele ma Kyoto. He halawai palua ia me Mutsushito Auguseto, ka mea, e like'ē aʻe i nā aristocrats, i ka ikaika manaʻo ma luna ona. Haushofer mai Japan i ka ekolu-pule holo ana i Korea a me China. I June 1910, oia hoi ma Munich ma ka māhū-Siberian alahao. Kēia hookahi aku a hiki i ka aina o ka Mele Sun, a me ka loaa ana i ka aristocracy kōkua 'ano i kona idealized, a ho'ōla obsolete manao e pili ana i Japan.

Ka mua puke

Seriouslyʻino ana ka holo, Haushofer ao mai la pokole ma ka Bavarian Koa Academy, ma mua ka lawe kaa ole mai i loko o 1912-1913. March hooeueu ae la i aku la ia ia, e hana i kā lākou mua puke "DAI Nihon. Ka Ikepili o ka Great Japanese koa mana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai "(1913). I ka emi o 4 mahina o Malaki dictated i 400 'aoʻao o ke kikokikona. Kēia hua nui ke alu like e wale nō ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i loko o ka helu o mahope paʻi puke.

kālaiʻike 'oihana

Ka mua pōhaku puna mua i ka me kēia 'oihana Haushofer i ka loaa ana o ka 44-makahiki-kahiko mele ma April 1913 ma ke Kulanui o Munich like me ka doctoral haumāna ma lalo o Kumu Erich av Drygalski. Ma hope o 7 mahina, oia loaa he doctorate ma ka hana kemika, geology a me ka mōʻaukala, a me ka ia hoʻi noa i ka ' "ka German komo i loko o ka ulu ana o Japan ka Leeuwerikplein a me ka subyaponskogo ka lewa. Kona noho haumāna kahi ole o ke kaua, a me kouʻikepili "(1914).

Kana hana i keʻakeʻaʻia e hana ma ka First World War,ʻano nui i ka Western Front, a ia pau ma ke ano o ka papa luna koa. Koke ma hope o kona hoʻi i Munich ma December 1918, hoomaka ae la oia e hana ma lalo o ka mua alakaʻi o ka ia hoʻi "ka papa kuhikuhi o? Acaeoey o Leeuwerikplein aupuni a pau o Japan" (1919), a i pau i loko o 4 mahina. hoomalu o ka haʻi'ōlelo hahai ma July 1919 e pili ana i ka Japanese uka o kai, a me ka koho i loko o lecturers (ma hope o 1921 - he honorary inoa) ma ka hana kemika. Ma October 1919 Karl Haushofer ma ka makahiki o nā makahiki 50 hoʻomaha loa i loko o ka papa o ka nui loa, a hoomaka ae la kona mua papa o nā haʻi'ōlelo ma "anthropogeography East Asia."

Familiarity me Hess

I ka 1919 Haushofer halawai Rudolf Hess , a Oscar Ritter av Niedermeyer. I ka 1920, Hess lilo i haumāna, a me ka puka ka haumāna, a hui me ka National Socialist Kelemānia He hana i 'Party. Ua hoopaaia Rudolph me Hitler ma Landsberg ma hope o ka ole coup ho'āʻo i ka makahiki 1924. Haushofer kipa i kona haumana ma laila 8 manawa a ma i ka manawa maopopo halawai me ka wā e hiki mai Führer. Ma hope iho e hele mai ana i ka mana i loko o ka makahiki 1933, Hess, Hitler ka hope, ua lilo i ka haipule o geopolitics, nona iho kukakuka, a liaison me ka Nazi? Eia.

I ka 1919, av Niedermayer - doctoral Dryganski, ka luna o ka poe koa, Kelemānia, a ma hope kekahi Kumu o ke koa 'epekema ma ka Kulanui o Pelelina - Haushofer o Laielohelohe i ke kūpono' ana o Germany ka kulekele i Japan. I ka 1921, e hoohuli i aku la ia ia e hoomakaukau i kekahi anamanaʻo olelo ma East hawaiian oihana e pili ana no ka German Kuhina o Pale Kaua. Kēia i kūpono ma ke komo ana o Carla i loko o kahi nalo tripartite ke kūkā 'ma waena o Kelemania, Japan a me ka Soviet Union ma December 1923, a me ka' ike ai i ka pili aupuni koʻikoʻi a hanohano e ulu ana me ka maikaʻi loa Kelemānia akamai ma Japan.

Karl Haushofer Geopolitics

Hoomaka ae hoolaha ana i kona mau manaÿo paha ma ke kala i ka makahiki 1924 o ka puke "Ka Geopolitics o ka Moana Pākīpika." I ka hookahi makahiki, ia ka hoʻomaka '? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka puke pai "Geopolitics", nona ka hoʻoponopono ua Karl Haushofer. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hana e pili ana i ke kūlana o ke nä känaka 'epekema palena (1927), he pa-manaʻo (1931), a me ka ho'āʻo' ana e hookupaa aku i na kumu o ka pale o ka geopolitics (1932). Akā, i ka Magazine i mau koe i kona papa kuhikuhiE mea kani.

Ua i kekahi ano o ka 'ohana hana, oa. A. kona mau ia i ka manawaleʻa synovitis, Albrecht, a Heinz, oi loa aku hoi ka hope, ua, ua hana aku i komo o keia. Ua loaa i ka doctorate i ka 1028, lilo na kumu i ka 1930, a ma lalo o Hitler noho kiʻekiʻe aupuni pou: Albrecht - ke Kuhina o ko na Aina e, a me Heinz - na Kuhina o ka Mahiai.

A hiki i 1931 Karl Haushofer paʻi "geopolitics" ma keʻano neʻepapa me ka opiopio geographers Germanom Lautenzahom Otto Maullem a me Erich Obst. Ma flowering nūpepa i ka hopena o 1920s, ka mea, ua pai ia kekahi mau hoike no ka 'epekema o "eiiiiiaiou geopolitical" (1928). Ma kēia puke, nā kākau noʻonoʻo i nā geopolitics o ka noi 'epekema pili i Contemporary kālai'āina, a AIM e kuhikuhi i kumu hoohalike o pili keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o kā lākou pili me ka lewa no ka unuhi i ka kālai'āina Time]. Ekolu makahiki ma hope, nae, hoa pāonioni ma pehea lākou "akeakamai" puke e loiloi i kaʻikena kulekele, alakai aku a hiki i ka haalele ana o na me ka luna hoʻoponopono kaikaina. Haushofer i ka mea wale hoʻoponopono, mai 1932 a hiki i ka hoopau ana o ka puke i ka makahiki 1944

Trees ulu

Ma hope o Hitler hele mai i ka mana i loko o January makahiki 1933 Trees Geopolitics a me kona kūlana, hoomaka ae la e ulu no a hiki i ka pili pilina me Rudolfom Gessom. Ma ka pōkole manawa ia i lawe i ka helu o nā ana, e hoʻoikaika 'kona kālaiʻike kūlana. Initially, i kona habilitation i ua hoʻololi i "Germanism'āina'ē, mokuna malu a me ka hana kemika." I Iulai 1933 ma ke noi ana o ka 'elele o Hitler ma Bavaria Manuela Xavier Ritter av Epp, kekahi Haushofer ma ke kula, a me ka poe koa,ʻo ia i haawiia mai i ka inoa a me ka pomaikai, akā,ʻaʻole i ke kulana, a me ka uku o ke Kumu. Ma ia laua, likeʻole ka poeikohoia o ka Kulanui o Munich, a me ka Bavarian Kuhina o Culture koho ia no ka lāʻau kū o ka rector o ke kulanui - no i koe ia ia no ka mea o ka i aie ma ka lima akau o Hitler , e pale aku i ke kula o ka Nazi manipulations. Carl Hess Koi, e hooki aku i keia mau hoao ana. Ma ka kekahi lima, Hess koi i ke kukuluia'na o ka Oihana o Pale Kaua no Haushofer kemika paha geopolitics, aka, me ka Bavarian Kuhina o Culture hōʻole iā ia i loko o kēia. Haushofer noho i kaʻike ākea lālā o ka Munich Geographic mana, naʻe kona kūlana i ulu enormously i loko o ka maka lehulehu.

Kelemānia honua

Iloko o ka noho alii ana o ka Nazis, a noho'ōleloʻole kula kiʻekiʻe 'oihana i loko o ka papa hana ekolu' ole i loko o ka paipai ana o Kelemānia moʻomeheu, a me ka Kelemānia huakaʻi i ke kai. Ke Nazi Party, oia i komo, no ka mea, ua nui nā papahana a me nā hana unacceptable. Ma ke ku, ana i hoao e pāʻani i ke kūlana o ka uwao ma waena o ka aoao a me ka ole-aoao lālā, naʻe me ka pomaikai nui, ma muli o ia ka ulu'aloʻahiʻa nazification a hoʻohuihui kālai'āina a me ka infighting i lanakila ma ka aoao, a me ka noho aupuni ana i loko o nā makahiki kakahiaka o ka Nazi? Eia.

I ka makahiki 1933 Hess i ka malama ana o ka lāhui i na mea o Hawaii, oia i hana mai i ka Papa o ka lāhui i kēia kanaka Kelemānia, kona poo lilo Haushofer, Council i ka mana e hooponopono i pili i ka lāhui kēia kanaka Kelemānia wale aku no. Haushofer ua i ka papa kuhikuhi hana o liaising me Hess a me nā Nazi a papa hana. A kue o ka hoihoi a me ka aoao Aupuni alakai ai i ka noho male 'ana o ka Papa i ka 1936

¶ A i ka makahiki 1933, ka Academy no ka makau nazification, Haushofer i kaumaha aku ai, e lawe i ka oi nui kūlana. Member o ka Academy i loko o ka makahiki 1925, ua koho Hope Peresidena i ka makahiki 1933 a me ka pelekikena i ka makahiki 1934. ʻOiai Karl haʻalele ke kia no ka mea, o ka mea kue i ke alakaʻi, noho ia i lâlâ o ka pā ahalunakanawai me ka mālama 'elele o Hess a hiki i 1941

Ke kolu o ka nui hui, a no kekahi manawa i alai ai e kekahi nä känaka 'epekema, ua ka People ka Union no kēia kanaka Kelemānia a me Kelemānia moʻomeheu'āina'ē. Ma ka Initiative o Hess, Haushofer lilo kona luna hoʻomalu ma December 1938 a ua paa keia oihana a September 1942, e pāʻani ana i ke kūlana o ka figurehead, e like me ka ua i kekahi manawa, he kuokoa hui lilo i ka propaganda kila o ka manaʻo nui o ka Kelemānia Reich.

Manaʻo a theories

ka Nazi ala hou mai i ka mana o ka haʻalele i ka hoailona ma ka hana o nā kānakaʻepekema, inā paha oi i ke ano mua o ka maʻiʻo. He mea oi loa aku hoi akaka i loko o kona pōkole monograph "National Socialist manaʻo i loko o ka global kuanaʻike" (1933), a mea he moʻo o "New Reich 'Academy i ee. Ma kona National Socialism Ua depicted me he hualoaʻa a neʻeʻana o ka lahui hou, a me ka maikai māhele dynamism o ilihune nā kaiapili, e a ka mea kākau heluia Kelemania, Italy a me Japan. I ka makahiki 1934 ka mea, hahai aku la i ka hoʻomano hoʻopulapula "Contemporary World kālai'āina" (makahiki 1934) - he kaulana hōʻuluʻulu mua i paʻi manaʻo e kākoʻo i nā loina o ka Nazi kuwaho, i a 1938 ka hola coincided me nā pono kīvila o Haushofer. Iwaena o ka nui na buke ma Japan, CentralʻEulopa a me International Affairs, i paiia ma hope o ka makahiki 1933, pâʻani 'o "Ka Moana a me ke ao nei mana" (1937) kekahi kūlana kūikawā. Ua Ua hui pu geopolitical pähola 'o Karl Haushofer, e like me a ma ka mana o ke kai mana mea nui.

Rapid lilo o ke keiki a me ka ulu hāʻule pohō wale 'ano paha i emi iho kona hope makahiki, geopolitics ma hope o kona haʻaleleʻana mai ke kulanui. I ka ia makahiki oia i ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa, a nō ia i ka nele i ka pili aupuni keiki, pāpā 'ia ka lua o ka paiia ana o ka puke "Palena" (1927) ma hope o ka Italia aupuni palapala e pili ana i kona hoomaopopo ana o Kelemānia Lāhui ma South Tyrol. Eia kekahi, ma hope o ka hana o ke kuhikuhi ma ka Munichʻaha kūkā, ae hana i loko o Kepakemapa 1938, i alakai aku ai i ka hoʻohui'āina o ka Sudetenland, Carl hoʻokomo i kona olelo ana i Hitler e kaohi aku mai ke? Anoe? Haʻalele unattended i loko o ka dictator ka manaopaa no ka honua kaua.

Ka pähola 'o Hawaiian aeie Karla Hauskhofera lilo kekahi o kona loa nui manaÿo. Ua Ua nānā 'ana ma luna o ka pact ma waena o Pelelina, Moscow a me Tokyo. Ka pāhana Ua hoʻokō mai August 1939 a hiki i December 1940, a hiki i ka mea i kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o Germany ke kaua me ka USSR. Ke kumumanaʻo no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka confrontation ma waena o ka meaola a me ka Hawaiian superpowers.

Karl Haushofer - i ka mea kākau o ka pähola 'o Hawaiian aeie - loi a loaʻenemi iā Poland, i kūpono i loko o kona hoihoi kākoʻo mai o ka Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, e hoʻopau i ka aina.

kui

Mai ka hopena o ka 1940, a me Karl Albrecht, pu me Hess hoʻokolokolo i ka manawa kūpono o ka maluhia a me Beritania. Ua pau i ka mahuka ana o Hess i Kekokia May 10; 1941, ma kahi āna i kamaʻilio i ka olelo hooweliweli, koho uuku ano i ka manao no ka malu i unuhiʻia mai e Albrecht. E like me ka hopena, Haushofer i nalowale ole wale i kona pale, i ua pono, e noonoo pono i ka Iudaio kumu o Mareta, akā, i hoala Ua ulu a me ka nānā '. Carl i interrogated e na makai malu, a me Albrecht no ka manao 8 pule. Hahai Haushofer mālama mai nā mea a pau e ku kālai'āina kūlana me ka pakiko-kau mai hoʻokaʻawale mai Kepakemapa 1942 i loko o ka Bavarian Manor. Kona kulana home 'ole worsened ma hope o ka ho'āʻo kīmopō ma Hitler July 20, makahiki 1944, e like me Albrecht komo i loko o ka neʻeʻana, i ka mea i hoʻonohonoho' ia. Charles kau no 4 pule ma Dachau a me kana mau keiki, ua hopu ma Pelelina. Aia Albrecht Ua e kaua kīmopō SS April 23, 1945 Heinz ola i ke kaua, a lilo ae la i kaulana agronomist, a kahu o ka ohana palapala.

Ma hope o ke kaua, i ka US hooponopono Haushofer ninau e pili ana i kana hana, a mau hana, aka,ʻo ole i aku la ia ia e komo i ka Nuremberg hoao ana, e like me kona kūlana ua paʻakikī e hooiaio i ke kaua. He Ua haʻakoi e ho okumu i kekahi palapala i i manao e hoola na hanauna e hiki mai ka Kelemānia geopolitics, Ma hope o ka hana i palapala pōkole " 'ohana ka palekana o Kelemānia geopolitics" (1946), i ka i ka mea hou wehewehe a ho'āpono kana mau hana ma mua o apologizing no ia, 10 ma luna o Maraki 1946, Karl Haushofer a me kana wahine hana he pepehi anaʻia iā iho.