Kaua o Maloyaroslavets 1812

Patriotic Kaua o 1812 i ka makahiki - keia mea kekahi o ka loa'ōlohe wiwo 'aoʻao o ko mākou mōʻaukala, oo Lūkini kanaka i hōʻike i ka hiki e consolidate i loko o ka maka o ka mawaho pilikia. A naʻe ka mea, ua manaoia e ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana o ke kaua o Borodino, ka mea, o ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets o 1812, hoʻoikaika ihola Napoleon, e haʻalele i ke kumumanao no ka naʻi aupuni o ka hema'āina, a hoʻoikaika e emi hope ma ka Smolensk alanui. E like me ka hopena, i luku i ka Farani poe koa, a me ka Lūkini kaua hookuuia Europe, a hele i loko o Paris.

prehistory

Ua aneane koke ma hope September 14, 1812 Napoleon ka poe koa komo Moscow, i loko o kona hope huli guerrilla kaua. Pakahi aku la ia pōpilikia enemi huahelu haawiia mai, kauoha aku e Ivan Dorokhov, A. Seslavin, D. a me A. Davydov Figner me ka mea i luku ai i kaa me ka ai a me ka ai. I ka Ia manawa poho aie i ka ho'āhewa wale ma na guerrillas ma ka Palani Army huahelu, he pinepine nō like me ka helu ana o casualties ma nui kaua. Ma kekahi, ma ka 11 October Dorokhova paukū hookuu Vereya, he paki i kona poʻo ma luna o ka battalion o ka Westphalian regiment, a ua loaa na guerrillas he pono kumu no hou ho'āhewa wale me Kaluga a me Smolensk ma na alanui. I ka nele o ka lako a me kaʻohi ai i ke ano o ia ka 'ōlelo Palani hoomaka e lilo hakakā hiki a me ka hiki kiola i ka pu ma muli o ka nele o nā lio. Manao a pau o na luna, a me ka mālie o ka Lūkini tsar ma muli o ka haawi ana i ka maluhia, Napoleon ua hoʻoholo ihola e haʻalele Moscow, a neʻe i Smolensk Via Kaluga.

Hana ma mua o ka kaua

Mua, ua kamailio e pili ana i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets, oe e ike ana i ka hoa paio o kaua mau huli mai e e pili ana i ka poe liilii, a me ka unremarkable kulanakauhale, kahi i ia manawa noho wale ma kahi o 1.5 tausani. A Napoleon ka poe koa hele mai mai o ka i hōkaiʻia Lūkini kapikala o 'Okakopa 19 a neʻe ma ka mea kahiko Kaluga alanui. Naʻe, i ka ia la ae, i ka Auguseto, kauoha e huli i loko o ke kauhale o Troitskaya ma ka hou Kaluga alanui, a hoouna aku ma lalo o ke kauoha o ka vanguard o kona stepson Evgeniya Bogarne, ka mea i hoopio i ke kulanakauhale o Okatoba 21 Fominskoe. Ma hope o ka hōʻike i kaʻenemi e ia i loko o ka lima o Maloyaroslavets, Kutuzov kena ae Dokhturov hihia i ke ala a hiki i Kaluga. I ka Ia manawa, manaʻo kuhihewa hoomaopopo Napoleon kaʻoihana kaʻa o Lūkini kaua hoomakaukau no ke kaua, a kauoha aku Beauharnais neʻe mua ana, e kapi ana i kēia huakaʻi a hiki i ka heluna hapauuku uuku mahele o General Delzona.

Paʻa French Maloyaroslavets

A lohe o Delzon kokoke i ke kulanakauhale, i ka o Meia Bykov kauoha i ka make ana o ke alahaka ma luna o ka puddle. Naʻe, i kēia i i ole i ka enemi infantry, e kapa i ka kekahiʻaoʻao ma ka hana o ka pontoon uwapo , a lawe Maloyaroslavets, ka mea ma ia manawa, aohe kekahi, e hoomalu aku. I ka Ia manawa ka Emperor ia iho me ka papa koa hoomoana iho la no ka po ma Borovsk.

Kaua o Maloyaroslavets lā a me ka nui hanana

E like me ko oukou ike ana, moʻolelo loa hoihoi i ka ninau o "ka wā" a me "ma". No laila, i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets o 1812, i mea o ka lā - October 24, ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma 5:00 am ia Dokhturov hoouna rangers e hoouka aku Colonel A. Bistrom. Tausani o nā koa o keia regiment e hoʻokele i dislodge i ka Palani ma ka outskirts o ke kulanakauhale, akā, i ka 11 hola o ka lā, e kōkua i ka defenders hiki aku shelves Beauharnais, a ma hope Napoleon ia ia iho i ka papa kuhikuhiE koa. E loaa kilo a me Lūkini, no laila, i ka la i loko o ke kaua i komo mua ma ka 9000 kanaka mai kēlā me kēiaʻaoʻao. Ma hope o kekahi mau hola, akā, 'aʻole wale nō i emi iho i ke kaua, akā, nui ikaika e like me ka hoʻopakeleʻana poe koa i loko o ka wikiwiki a pau i ka hou shelves.

I ka hora eha o ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets komo kona kuleana ke kahua. Ka mea Kutuzov ua hiki ke lawe i ka maikaʻiʻoihana ma luna o ka wahi kiekie, aia ma 1-3 ei hema o ke kulanakauhale, a i ka mea i hiki i ka mana i ke ala a hiki i Kaluga ia. Ma keia kaua no ke ahi kulanakauhale ana a hiki i 10 pm.

Events October 25-26

I kekahi kakahiaka, kahi o Maloyaroslavets i lehu, a me na kapa elua mea hou mākaukau no ke kaua. Eia naʻe, Field Ilamuku M. I. Kutuzov koke kauoha e emi hope i ka mākaukau kulana ma ke ahiahi, e kahea ana i ko lakou hana e like me ka haohao i ka enemi. Kēiaʻoihana kaʻa Ua ukali pūʻia ka neʻeʻana huna o kekahi mau regiments Platov, ka mea i hele i ka kekahiʻaoʻao Puddles, a pepehi i ka Palani. A me Napoleon ia ia iho 'aneʻane paʻa pakele ka hopu, a ua hoʻoikaika e mālama i ka ahaolelo ma Gorodnya, a hookahi-handedly hoʻoholo i "manaʻo wale o ke ola kaua." Penei, i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets o 1812, ke kalaʻana lā o ka a - October 26, i pau ai i ka hee ana o Napoleon ka poe koa ma Mozhaysk, i ia i olelo hoopomaikai mai ai kekahi mea maikai.

hualoaʻa

E hoopono ana ma na hoike o Farani koa alakaʻi, ka poe i ka nohona, Napoleon ka poe koa i nalowale, mai 3500 a hiki i 6000 kanaka. E like me kaʻaoʻao Lūkini, i make a me ka eha e pili ana i na ilamuku 6.700 a me na kanaka. A aole kekahi kanaka i loko o no na poho i waena o nā militiamen, ka mea paha i ua nui loa. Ma naʻe o nā mea a pau o ka mōhai, ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets i ke Kaua o 1812 i a laila ua hoʻoholo like ike ma moʻolelo kekahi kumu nui KUMUMANAʻO NUI lanakila o Kutuzov. Like no me ka 'ōlelo Palani, ka mea lohi wale i ko lakou hele, a nele i ka poe kaua o ko Napoleon ka manaolana hope no ka hoʻomau' ana i ka oihana kai eʻe i ka 1813.

Lūkini pūkaua, ka poe i hookani i ka kūlana kuleana i loko o ke kaua no ka bridgehead ma ka pali Puddles

Kamailio e pili ana i kekahi kaua, a hoi hou pela, e like me ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets i ke Kaua o 1812 (mai ai i loko o nā lā mua ma hope o ka hee ana o Napoleon mai Moscow), he mea hiki ole i ka olelo aku i kekahi mau olelo e pili ana i na luna, ka poe i kuleana i loko o laila. No laila, pâʻani 'o ia i ke kūlanaʻano nui i loko o ke kaua no ka Luga bridgehead:

• Mikhail Kutuzov. E like ma mua Field Ilamuku hoʻomaka o ke kaua i hōʻike ai loaʻa kekahi hihiʻo a i kaulana Tarutinoʻoihana kaʻa, puʻe wale akula kēlā Napoleon e pāʻani ai ma na rula o Lūkini. I kekahi anu u Kutuzov alakai aku ai i ka hee ana o ka Farani, ua i ke kulana i lawe ia ma ke ala a hiki i Kaluga, i kaʻenemi hiki ole lawe no o ka nele o ka lio a me ka mea kaua ikaika.
• M. Platov a me D. Dokhturov. Mawaena o ka pūkaua nui, ma muli o ia i ka hoouka kaua o Maloyaroslavets (1812) i ka hoʻomaka o ka welau o ka Great Napoleon ka poe koa, kaulana ka oi aku kēia mau pūkaua - kānaka apau i mākaukau ia io invaluable. No hoi, e like me ka makou i ike, i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kūlana nui pâʻani 'o ia ma ka iho, e hiki mai i ka lā ma mua o kēia kaua. Ma hope iho o ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets o 1812 (lā: October 24) ka mea, ua i? Oaony, a ina o ka Palani i iʻae i ka neʻe Dokhturov kino no ka hoomakaukau ana no ka maikaʻi loa kaua, a oki iho la e neʻe māhele Beauharnais, ka mea, ua ole loa ka hiki i hiki mai. Conversely, ma ka hihia o Platov ka malama ana ua ma kaʻaoʻao o Napoleon, a ka Cossacks hiki ole ke pio. Akā, i ke kaua hiki i pau ai ua October 25, 1812!
• A. Seslavin. ka hope kūlana ma ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets (lā - 1812, October 24) 'Aʻole i ka maikaʻi hope no ka Lūkini poʻe kaua, a me nā guerrillas hoʻokani. Ma 'ana, i ka poe Lutanela General Seslavin. Ka mea ka mea ina i ole ike i kona scouts ka Palani kaua neʻeʻana, makemake e pepehi i ke kino Dokhturov, e hoomakaukau ana e hoouka aku i ke kauhale Fominskoe mua o ka kaua huli no.

Palani pūkaua nui ka poe i ike okoa ia lakou iho i loko o ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets

I waena o nā pūkaua nui o Napoleon i loko o kēia kaua ike okoa ia:

• Evgeniy Bogarne. Ka mea, ua ka Viceroy o 'Ikalia i Fominskoe, hoʻomākaukau lākou poʻe kaua paʻa Maloyaroslavets kona adoptive makua kāne, aʻo ia ke ia me kona 4th mau pūʻali hou-komo i loko o ke kūlanakauhale ma hope iho o kona hookuu rangers Bistrom.
• Alexis Delzon. General Delzonu ka hanohano o hoʻopio aku i ke kulanakauhale, mai i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets oe hoʻomaka. Eia hou, oia kino i alakaʻi i kekahi o ka ho'āhewa wale, a ua make i loko o ka hakakāʻana, e like me befits he kanaka koa.

Little-ikeia meʻe o ka kaua

No ka hana ana i hana 'ia i loko o ke kaua no ka Maloyaroslavets, loaa hoʻolilo' ia 'mau haneri na lalani. Mawaena o lakou, ua nui na koa o ka 19th Jaeger Regiment, i hele aku i loko o ke kaua, a Archpriest Vladimir Vasilkovsky. Kēia kahu hipa mea kaulana no i ka mea mua Lūkini lawelawe, i hookoia ka Papa o St. George i ka ha o ka degere. A nui kūlana ma ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets i ka 1812 i pau ai i ka lokomaikai o ko Kutuzov ka poe kaua, hoʻokani a me S. Belyaev, ka mea ma ia manawa ua he oihana luna o ka kūloko Aha. I ka wā o ka Palani i makemake e lawe mai i ka pontoon uwapo, i ke kanaka opiopio i hookaawale i ka makua, a me ka wai holo kiki e kali ana komohewa.

Chernoostrozhsky Rotehama hoailona - he mumule hoike i ka mōʻaukala

No ka lā, hoʻokahi wale nō ola, "hoike" kaua e ku e ia Napoleon, a i wahi ma luna o nā kapa o ka muliwai puddle. Ka mea o ia, mai ka weuweu 16th kenekulia hale mōneka i loko o Maloyaroslavets, i ka 1812, e noho ana ma ka waena konu o ka kaua hana. Ma hope o ke kaua kaulana o ka townspeople nana i ka uliuli puka o ka hoailona a me ke kiʻi o ka mea e ola ai holoʻokoʻa uhi i ko läkou 'o nā pōkā, a shrapnel, akā, me ka maka o Kristo i ole ua poino paha me ka hookahi pōkā. Ua Ua hea like me ka hana mana, a me ka manawa o ka noho alii ana o Rotehama I ma ka behest o ka Auguseto ma ka ipuka ua ka palapala "Ulcers ma ka hoomanao ana i ka kaua Farani." Eia naʻe, i kēia una honua mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa, akā, i keia la ma ka Blue puka, e hiki ke ike ko läkou 'o nā pōkā i haʻalele hoola hou iaiyoe mamo.

Kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hanohano o na koa o ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets, hoʻokumu 'ia ma ka 19th kenekulia

Kokoke koke ma hope o ka Apana World Kaua me Napoleon Lūkini kanaka hoomaka ae la e hookupaa i ka mea paipai manaʻo, i ka poe e hoʻomau i ka hoomanao ana o ka hina. He i koe, a me ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets, ka hua olelo e hai aku ia i mea he pilikia.

Ka mua kia i loko o ka hanohano o na koa o keia kaua i ka Hale Pule Nui o St. Rotehama Church, kūkuluʻia ma luna o donations o Lūkini, a ua hoʻolaʻaʻia ma ka makahiki 1843. Eia hou, i ka 30th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka Lūkini kaua ka lanakila ma ke kaua me Napoleonom Nikolay I kauoha aku e hookupaa i ke kia ma luna o ka honua a pau i ka loa kaulana kaua, a me ma Maloyaroslavets. Ke kia hoʻomanaʻo Ua hoolei i ka manao o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone A. Adamini, a hoonoho iho la ia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale hale i pau i loko o October 1844. Eia naʻe, i kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo i ole e iho i lalo i ka keia lā, no ka mea i luku ai i loko o ka 30-ies o ka hope kenekulia.

Kia hoʻomanaʻo i i na koa o ke kaua, i loko o ka 20-21 kenekulia ka

I ka makahiki 1950 ka mea i hooholoia, e puunaue i ke kulanakauhale Park ma ka hoomanao ana i ka luahi o ka Patriotic Kaua e ku e Napoleon. Kona hoonoho ana ia lakou iho a puni ka mau nuipa a kupapaʻu, ma i na koa i kanu, mahalo no i ka hoouka kaua o Maloyaroslavets i ke Kaua o ka 1812 i ka nui popoiwi wahi. E like mamua, i ka hanohano o ka 100th lā hoʻomanaʻo o keia hanana, ma nā vaults o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i hoʻouka kekahi.

Ka mua o kēia mau pii ma luna o ka puʻu. I ka waenakonu o ka haku mele 'ana, ke hoʻololi e hoʻomau i ka hoomanao ana o ka poe lanakila i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets, kū he pedestal me ka pohaku ma i ke kea ua lele akula. Kona pūʻali koa hele wāwae ka hoomoe ana lei Polotsk regiment, a ma ke kahua ma mua o ka kia hiki ke ike 3 kahua pu ÷ 1812 a me ka pyramid nuclei.

Like pili ana i ka lua o ke kia, ka mea, ua aia i loko o ka hookahi kuea a me ka mea i ka pohaku, me ke kea ma luna o i Hōʻike ka makahiki (me ka kaua o Maloyaroslavets i wahi i ka 1812), a hoʻokumu i ka mea hoʻomanaʻo plaque me ka palapalaia maluna penei: "koa poe kupuna Elima mau pūʻali".

Eia hou, ma ka outskirts he mea kekahi nui lua kupapaʻu me ka uku obelisk, i ka launa pū mai 1812.

Ka paʻa o nā hanana i i wahi ma Maloyaroslavets, a oi aku mamua o 200 makahiki aku nei i loko o ka puni, ua koʻi kaua i keia la. I ka pau, October 5, 2014 i loko o ke kulanakauhale, e hookupaa aku i kekahi kia Archpriest B. Vasylkivska, no ka mea kākau ma ka artist Shcherbakov.

? Aeiino? Oeoey o ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets, 2014

E hoomanao i na hana o na mea kaua mau kūpuna - mea he moolelo maikai. Ma ka? Iaeoii o kekahi mau makahiki a puni ka honua lawe mai i ka? Aeiino? O nā kaua. I ko kakou aupuni, i hoʻonohonoho i ka mua ia hanana ma ka pau ana o na 80s, a me ka loa pinepine ka mea, e hoolilo ana i ke kaua kaulana o ke Kaua Honua II elua. Kēia makahiki, i ka ho'āla houʻana i ke kaua o Maloyaroslavets (2014) i wahi ma luna o 'Okakopa 26 a, ma ka hou ana i ke kaua Episode, recreated ma nui au mamuli, ike aku la i ka hoolohe i ka lei parade, nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ammunition, a i kekahi i loko o nā Competition.

Nui na kaua o o ke kaua i ka 1812 mau loa i loko o ka puke o koa nō. Oiai, e like me ka mea haku mele i mai la, Rusia a pau hoʻomanaʻo i ka lā o Borodino, Maloyaroslavets kaua kekahi hewaʻiʻo e e hua i i hoʻopoina kona meʻe.