Ke kumu o nā'īlio: ka mōʻaukala a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Four-legged hoa - he integral hapa o ko kakou mau ola. He paʻakikī e noonoo ai i na pehea e manaʻo kanaka i noho ai me ka malama pono kōkua ma hope ou. Ke kumu o nā'īlio - he ninau ia i aohe mea nō i maopopo pane. He nui aku, hana nui ma mua o ka tausani aaiaoe ho okolohua me examinations, akā, koe hamama nō ka ninau. E ho'āʻo i ka maopopo aia no he kuhiakau, a loaʻa mai ke kumu a puni ka domestication o ko mākou eha-legged hoa ai na mea huna.

pähola 'o ka evolution

Dog - he predatory aeaia ieaeiieoa? Canine. E like me ke evolutionary kumumanaʻo, i loko o ke ana nou mua o ka Paleogene - Paleocene (50 miliona makahiki aku nei) ua mua kekahi poe o ka waiwai pio, a, ma ka huli, māheleʻia i loko o nā suborders: feliformia a me ka caniformia. Kekahi o na elele mua o ka lua o ka suborder manaoio ia he holoholona me progesperotsion. Ua pono manaoia kona fossils, ua hiki ke manao nei makou ia ia ua e like me ka ilio: he ākea waha, pahikaua niho, kiʻekiʻe wāwae, lōʻihi kino. Over manawa, i ka suborder ua nō puunaueia i ekolu pūʻulu.

Ka mua pūʻulu pū 'elele mamo progesperotsiona lua - borophagus ohana, a me ke kolu -'īlio hae. Ka mea, ua i ka ohana hope o ke kumu a me ka ilio i pili loa aku, no ka mea, e like me ke kumumanaʻo o ka evolution, ko makou eha-legged hoa i mea, mai o nā hae.

nā mea mahuʻi Darwin

Darwin ka huakaʻi ma luna o ka "Beagle," ae aku la ia ia e hele aku i kekahi mau aina. He, e like i kekahi mea'ē aʻe,ʻo ia aʻo i ke kumu o na ilio, a ho'āʻo e loaʻa mai i ka oiaio. loaʻa Darwin he hoihoi 'kumu, a ua i na breeds o ka ilio i loko o kekahi mau wahi, ua aneane like i loko o kā lākou mawaho hiʻona i noho ana i laila i ka genus Koʻolauloa. No ka laʻana, ma kekahi māhele o ka hale ilio ua loa like i na alopeke e noho ana i laila, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe - ma o nā'īlio hae. Ma kekahi mau wahi maoli i noho ai ole o ka ilio i 'ano like me ka kūloko Moana.

No ka laʻana, kekahi haumana manaoio i ke kumu o na ilio aie i ka mea e, e like me ka hapa o ke kipi? Aneii ana crossbreeding kekahi mau holoholona: alopeke, na ilio hihiu hae,'īlio, coyotes (no ka mea, kēlā me kēia 'elele o ka 39 hui o chromosomes, ka mea hiki nae ia i kekahi hapalua hanauna). E like me ka hopena, kēlā ole i kaʻana mea like me ka mea a nā wale, akā, i ka mea ia manawa me ka nui loa okoa mai ona aku. Akā maoli, kekahi breeds mau mea i like loa i na alopeke,'īlio hae a me kekahi ma. A ina ua hui pu ia me keia koho a me kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni koho, he mea hiki i ke kumu o ka laha 'ana o ilio ua pili me ka i kela kapa o na holoholona o ka ia ohana.

I kekahi koho nānaina

I loko nō o ka mea i ka ilio nō kēia i Koʻolauloa manao, kekahi mau kānakaʻepekema manaoio i ka mea i hele mai, mai ka "prasobaki". Paha 30-40 miliona makahiki aku nei, ua kekahi pae o ka Moana, i mea na kupuna o na wahi lulu ilio. Aia ka hōʻike i loko o nā hanaʻeliʻana o nā koe o kahiko holoholona, e like ilio i loaʻa. Eia naʻe, ka hana 'epekema kumu a me ka hoike ana o keia wahi o Hawaii, aole ia i nei.

Ke phenotype o ka ilio a me ka ilio? Aneii

E like me mākou i ike, uaʻaʻole maopopo maopopo i ka mōʻaukala o ke kumu o ka ilio. He paʻakikī ia me ka loa pololei e olelo aku nei, mai ka mea a lakou i originated. Akā, i oi hana hoihoi 'o kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni koho a me ka? Aneii. Aia nō ma kahi o eha kekahi mau breeds o ka ilio. Ka mea, oko ma ke kiʻekiʻe, kau paona ana, kala like 'ole, shape o ka pepeiao a me ka huelo, a me na mea he nui nā hōʻailona o ka domestication.

An ha awina nona ka pahuhopu nui o ka ole, a hoʻoikaika i nā breeds o ka ilio i kapaia o na ilio. E wae loiloi ua kuhikuhi ma muli o ka pale ana mai o kekahi mau ole o ka ilio. He ekolu mau mea: Nani Loa, iʻiʻo holoholona hihiu a me ka hana. No kela a me keia mea, e kekahi mau koi: ke kaupaonaʻana, kiʻekiʻe, poo, maka, ihu, etc.

hana hoihoi '' ike

Ka mea uuku ole o ka ilio - ia mea, o ka papa, Chihuahua. Kekahi o kona elele Boo Boo kaupaona 600 nā huna, a i ka kiekie o 10 kenimika. Chuhuahua - nani holoholona hoa. Ka mea, ua nui loa hilahila, 'ike a me ka observant. Akā, no ka nui loa ilio (Great Dane ole) - Dia, o ka ulu o ka 110 knm a me he kaupaona no ma kahi o 70 kg. Kēia kanaka nunui ole o ka ilio ka loa ono a me ka playful, akā, wale ma ka manao o ka mea nona. Me ka Poeikohoia o keia? Ueo pinepine e hoʻomaʻamaʻa me he kuhina nona.

ua i uhi kumu o ka hua'ōlelo "ilio" me ka hailonaʻana o nā mea a me nā mea pohihihi. Ma Lūkini, ka mea iʻikeʻia i loko o ka 12th kenekulia. He nui aku e pili ana i ke kumu o ka hua'ōlelo. Kekahi manaʻo i ka mea hele mai i ke Turkic "Kobyak", i translates like "domesticated na holoholona." Over manawa, ka Slavs huli ia i ka loa ke puana'ōlelo ai "'īlio". More scientific mana, a lawelawe i ka haumana e like me Miller a me Vasmer, moe ma ka mea o ka hua'ōlelo "ilio" ua loko ia, mai ka'Ilana sabāka, i translates like "hookeai." "Dog" a me "Hort" a hiki i ka 12th kenekulia i kapaia o ka holoholona. A ia mea hoihoi 'i ka "ilio" Ua hoʻohana i ka ilio me ka mānoanoa lauoho, akā, i ka "Hort", ma ka mea ku ole, no ka mea hairless breeds.