Ke noi'i nei mākou i nā mea e pili ana i ka mō'aukala e pili ana: pehea kahi ho'omaha i Malaki 8

'O ka lā ho'omaha o Malaki 8 e pili ana iā mākou me ka puna, nā pua nani, ka nani a me ke aloha. Akā, i mau kanaka i mua o ka lā i ka connotation pili aupuni, no ka mea, o ka lā i ka wa a na revolutionaries hai mai i ko lakou manao, e kaua aku no ka pono o nā wāhine nā hualoaʻa a. Pehea ia? Pehea i'ike'ia ai ka māka'i ma Malaki 8? E no'ono'o e pili ana i kēia ma kēia'atikala.

Pehea i ho'omaka ai?

I ka makahiki 1857 ma ke kūlanakauhale'o New York, ua hele mai nā mea hale kūkulu hale no ka hana'ana i ka lole a me nā lole. I kēlā manawa, ua piha ko lākou lā hana i 16 mau lā i ka lā, a he'u'uku ka uku,'a'ole i kūpono i ke koena. Female? Aaiuo ua hoʻokiʻekiʻe iā ia koi: he umi-hora hana lā, hana o ka hana ana (maloʻo pa, hou? Ieaoa), ka mea ulu o ka uku, na wahine o ka komo i loko o 'ōnaehana hoʻokoho paipai aʻo kai eʻe. A no laila, i ka lā 8 o Malaki, i ka makahiki 1857, ua hele maila nā haneli he nui o ka po'e maile o'Amelika i ka ho'okele. Kēia hele ana i maikaʻi nā hualoaʻa: nā haku hooponopono hou e pono ai no ka hana-wahine hoemi ia i ka manawa i 10 hola. Eia kekahi, ma nā'oihana he nui, ua puka nā hui'ele'ele mua, i ho'onohonoho'ia e nā'elele o nā wāhine nāwaliwali.

Ma hea i hele mai ai ka lā 8 Malaki? 'Ōlelo mākou, "ho'omaika'i iā'oe!" No kēia Clara Zetkin

I ka makahiki 1910, ua mālama'ia kekahi hālāwai ma Copenhagen, kahi i komo ai nā wāhine wahine mai nā'āina he nui. Ua'ōlelo'o Clara Zetkin i kāna'ōlelo'ana e noi'ia e ho'olaha'ia ka lā Malaki 8 i ka International Women's Day. 'O ka mana'o no ka ho'omaha'ana,'o ia ke hō'ike i ka honua holo'oko'a ua mākaukau nā wāhine a ua hiki ke hakakā no ko lākou kuleana. Ua kāko'o nā luna o nā'āina he nui i kēia noi. Mai ia manawa, ua mana'o'ia'o Clara Zetkin'o ka mea kākau i ka mana'o no ka ho'olaule'a i ka lā o kekahi wahine.

'O ka mua "e'ānai"

Ma ka makahiki mua ma hope o ka'aha kūkā'ana ma Copenhagen, i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka wana'ao, ho'omaka'ia ka laha'ana o nā lā wahine ma nā'āina he nui. Malaki 19, 1911 ua ho'omana'o'ia kēia lā ma Kelemānia, Austria, Switzerland, Denmark. Ua'oi aku ma mua o ho'okahi miliona mau kānaka, nā wāhine a me nā kāne, i ka hō'ike. No ka hopena o kēia mau hana, ua loa'a i nā limahana ka pono no ka komo wale'ana i nā'oihana koho koho, akā, no ka mālama'ana i nā kūlana mana. I ka hana hana, ua kūpono kā lākou hana a uku'ia e like me ka hana a nā kāne. I ka makahiki 1912, ua ho'omana'o'ia kēia hanana i ka lā 12 o Mei.

Ka Mo'aukala o Malaki 8 ma Rusia

I ko mākou'āina no ka manawa mua i ho'okipa'ia ai ka International Women's Day i ka makahiki 1913. Ua hana'ia ma Petersburg. Ma Malaki 2, ma ka kūkulu'ana i ka'aila kū'ai, ua mālama'ia nā heluhelu i nā'ike'epekema, kahi i kūkā'ia ai nā nīnau e pili ana i ka pono e koho i nā wāhine, e pili ana i ka hānai'ana.

I Rusia,'o ka mea kipi'o Alexander Kollontai i lawe'ia ka mana'o no ka ho'olaule'a'ana i kēia lā. I ko mākou'āina, ua kāko'o'ia e miliona miliona wahine, a ua mākaukau e ho'okūkū i ka hapalua o ka lāhui.

Pehea i'ike'ia ai ka lā ho'omaha o Malaki 8 ma ko mākou'āina ma kahi manawa pa'akikī nona? I nā lā hope loa o Pepeluali i ka makahiki 1917, ua lawe nā mea hale i nā alanui o nā kūlanakauhale e hō'emi. Aia ma ko lākou mau lima he mau'ōlelo nūpepa me ka mea kākau "Bread and Peace." I kēlā manawa ho'okahi, ua ho'opau'ia'o Tsar Nicholas II i ka mana. 'O ke aupuni hou, me nā'ōlelo'ē a'e, ua hō'oia'i'o'ia nā kuleana like i nā wāhine a me nā kāne. O kēia hanana hang nei ma Pepeluali 23, Old Style (Julian alemanaka). Wahi a ka manawa hou,'o Gregorian, eia Malaki 8.

'O ka mo'olelo o ka pilina o ka lā (ma ke'ano he māka'i'āina) ke kumu i ho'omaka'ia mai ka makahiki 1918. 'O kēia lā he lā wale nō i ka makahiki 1965.

Nā hana ma'amau o ka ho'olaule'a'ana i nā lā wāhine i ka Soviet Union

I kēlā lā, ua mālama'ia nā hālāwai kūkā ma nā hale hana a pau, kahi i hō'ike'ia ai e nā'elele o ke aupuni i ka ho'okō'ia o nā polokalamu politika no nā wāhine. Best hana nā wāhine ma kēia mau hanana i i hookoia me diplomas, mau mekala a me nā mea maikaʻi. Akā ma ka manawa, Malaki 8, he manawa ho'omalu wale nō ia o nā wāhine, e nele ana i ka mana'o politika.

Nā International Women's Day ma nā'āina o ka USSR mua

Ma hope o ka hā'ule'ana o ka Soviet Union, Malaki 8'a'ole i ho'ōki i ka hau'oli. Ua ho'omau'ia ka International Women's Day ma ia mau CIS e like me Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Belarus, Turkmenistan. Mother ka Day i kapa e like me ka Holiday ma Uzbekistan. Ma Armenia, kapa'ia ka lā -'o ka makuahine a me ka nani, i ka malama'elua o ka lā'o'Apelila 7.

Nā māka'i wahine ma nā'āina'ē a'e: nā ku'una

Ma ka ho'omau'ana i ke kumu o ka'ike'ana o ka lā o ka lā Malaki 8, he mea maika'i e'ike i kā lākou ho'okipa'ana i kēlā lā ma nā wahi like'ole o ke ao nei. A he mea'oko'a ka mana'o e mālama. 'O kekahi la'ana, ma Kina,'o ka Lā Wahine he hopena pule wale nō no ka wahine maika'i. 'O nā hana ma'amau o kēia'āina ka mea e hele ai nā wāhine e hele me ka hau'oli, a hele nā kāne e hana, a ma hope o ia mea, ho'omākaukau lākou i ka'aina awakea. Ma Colombia i kēia lā, ua pāpā'ia nā'elele o ka hapalua hapa o ke kanaka e hele ma waho o nā alanui, i'ole e ho'onele i ko lākou ho'omaha me nā wāhine. I Italia, hō'ulu'ulu nā kaikamāhine i nā hui nui a hele mālie i nā hale ho'okipa me ka'ole o ka hapalua o lākou, e hō'ike ana i ke kū'oko'a a me ke kū'oko'a.

Pehea i'ike'ia ai ka māka'i ma Malaki 8? Mai ka'atikala āu i a'o ai he mea pa'akikī loa ka hana o ka International Women's Day. Akā, no ka ikaika a me ka ikaika o nā hana wahine, loa'a iā mākou ka manawa kūpono i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka pūnāwai e hō'ailona i ka lā maika'i, hō'ailona, i ko mākou'ike, i ka nani, i ke aloha a me ke aloha.