Kind o fluids. Ano o nā pāʻoihana a me ka lehulehu

Papa wiliʻai - ka mea, he o elua a oi 'ona i ka homogeneous nuipa a ukuhiia i loko i kekahi waiwai e hana me ka'ūheheʻe, a me ka mea' ē aʻe - like me ka wailana (particles).

Aia he mau theories o ke kumu hana pāʻoihana: Nine Inch, i mea no ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o Mendeleev D. I., a me ka physical, i kohoia e ka Kelemānia a me ka Hawaiian physicist Ostwald a me Arrhenius. E like me ke ano o Mendeleev,'ūheheʻe a me ka solute eiiiiiaiou lilo i komo i loko o ka Nine Inch naoh e lilo e yiaeaiiacaaeneiie i huiʻia o kēia mau ia eiiiiiaiou a me (particles).

Helu hookahi kumumanaʻo e hoole Nine Inch AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o nā nā lātoma o'ūheheʻe a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe waiwai, ae wehewehe i ke kaʻina hana o ke kahua fluids iʻaʻahu o ka makana o ka (particles) (nā lātoma, Ion) ma waena o nā (particles) o ka'ūheheʻe hoike mai i ka waiwai a pau ma muli o ke kino ai 'ʻike manaʻo i kapaia o maholahune.

Mea Maluna pāʻoihana e like me nā ana hoʻohālike

I keia manawa, aole mea iʻaʻahu nenoaiie o ka Mea Maluna pāʻoihana, nae, conditionalʻano o nā pāʻoihana hiki ke Hoʻohui 'ia ma ka loa nui ana hoʻohālike, oia hoi:

I) E like me hoʻopiha moku'āina pee: paa, gaseous a me ka wai a pāʻoihana.

II) ka nui o ka solute (particles): colloidal a me maoli nō.

III) E like me ke degere o ka huna lehulehu o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe 'ona i loko o ka pāʻoihana: paʻa kūhohonu loa, unsaturated, kiaʻana i kāna, nāu kekahi.

IV) Ma ka hiki e hoʻomaka uilaʻikena: electrolytes a me ka 'ole-electrolytes.

V) ka manao a me ka palapala noi mahinaʻai: Nine Inch, 'inikua, e kukulu, kūikawā pāʻoihana, a me na mea e ae.

Ano pāʻoihana ma ka hoʻopiha moku'āina

Mea Maluna pāʻoihana o aggregation o ka'ūheheʻe na ma ka palahalaha ano o ka makahiki loina. Ua Ua manaʻo kākoʻo pāʻoihana kinowai waiwai (a like solute e hana e like me ke kinowai a paa hehee ai), akā, noʻonoʻo i ka mea i ka pāʻoihana - he homogeneous nenoaiie o elua a oi i huiʻia, ia mea Logical eʻike i paa pāʻoihana, a gaseous. Paa pāʻoihana ua manaoia e ia i ka läÿau, a, e laʻa me, kekahi mau mea hiki ke hooheheeia, maikaʻi ike colloquially like me ka oka a pau. Gaseous? Ueo pāʻoihana - i ka läÿau, o kekahi mau kinoea, he laʻana - Ambient ea iā mākou, i ua poe like me ka huina o ka oxygen, naikokene a me ka o carbon dioxide.

Pāʻoihana e like me ka nui o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe (particles)

Ano o nā pāʻoihana mea hoʻoheheʻe pepa paia (particles) nā oiaio (ʻike mau) pāʻoihana a me colloidal nenoai. Ka oiaio pāʻoihana solute mahaeʻana i loko o liʻiliʻi nā lātoma a me nā'ātoma e He kokekau wale i ka nui o ka'ūheheʻe nā lātoma. Pela ka mea oiaio pāʻoihanaʻAno aua i ka mua waiwai o ka'ūheheʻe, e hoano hou ana ia wale iki ma lalo o ka aoao o ka physico-Nine Inch waiwai o ka hehee ai i hoʻohuiʻia ia mea. E like ma ka mea hoʻoheheʻeʻia i ka paʻakai i loko o ka wai, a me kō ka wai i koe i loko o ka hookahi moku'āina o aggregation o ka ia hana mau, kokoke i ka iaʻano hoʻokahi, hoʻololi wale konaʻaiʻana.

Colloidal pāʻoihana okoa mai kaʻike mau i loko o ia ka hoʻokomo-ma luna o ke keʻena ua ole loa decomposed, oiai e malama ana i ka luna 'nā lātoma a me nā hui i nui mamua o na Ana o ka'ūheheʻe (particles), oi aku i ka waiwai o ka 1 nanometer.

Ano o nā pāʻoihana a me ka lehulehu

Ka hookahi dala o ka'ūheheʻe hiki e hoʻohuiʻia Oko a ka mńlamalama o ka solute hehee ai, ka ia auoiaea e i kākoʻo pāʻoihana a me kekahi mau nā hoʻohui like. E helu i ka nui poʻe.

1. Paʻa kūhohonu loa pāʻoihana i wehewehe aku ma keʻano o ke solubility o ka waiwai i a ka solute ke keʻena ma lalo o ka aoao o ka mau ana wela a me ka puʻe mea hou disintegrates ma luna o nā'ātoma a me nā lātoma, a me ke kākoʻo pāʻoihana hiki equilibrium pae. Paʻa kūhohonu loa pāʻoihana hoi hiki ke maheleia i noʻonoʻo ma i ka nui hapa iki o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe eiiiiiaiou mea like me ka'ūheheʻe, a nāu kekahi ma ka solute mea mau manawa emi'ūheheʻe.
2. Unsaturated - mau pāʻoihana ma i ka solute hiki nō disintegrate i loko o liʻiliʻi (particles).
3. i loaa Supersaturated pāʻoihana ka wā hoʻololi kiko'î i alakaʻi ai kumumea (wela, puʻe), kūpono ai i loko o kekahi mau kaʻina "kaomi" ka mea hoʻoheheʻe waiwai, e lilo ia i oi aku mamua o lalo maʻamau (maʻamau) ana.

Electrolytes a me ka 'ole-electrolytes

Kekahi waiwai ma ka pāʻoihana dissociate i loko o Ion hiki ke mālama nei uilaʻikena. Oia homogeneous nenoai i kapaia electrolytes. Kēia hui nā nāʻakika, loa paʻakai. A pāʻoihana me ka hoʻokō 'uilaʻikena, haawiia keia i like ole-electrolytes (Aneane pau ke aloha i huiʻia).

Groups pāʻoihana manao

Nā pāʻoihana e paʻa mau ma nā mea a pau nāʻoihana o ka hoʻokele waiwai, i ka i Kekahi Mau 'o ka i hana i kēia mauʻano o kūikawā pāʻoihana, e like me' inikua, e kukulu, Nine Inch, a me na mea e ae.

Lapaʻau o pāʻoihana - he huihui 'ana o ai' i loko o ka palapala o ka mea poni, Wehe 'ia mai, Piʻihonua, pāʻoihana no infusion a me ka pahu kui, a me nā laʻau helunaʻano a hoʻohana no ka' inikua manao no ka lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o ka maʻi likeʻole.

Kind o Nine Inch pāʻoihana loaʻa i ka Ia kini o homogeneous i huiʻia ia i loko o Nine Inch reactions:ʻakika paʻakai. Mau pāʻoihana paha e ke aloha paha'okanikaʻole, ka wai (kai ka wai) ole anhydrous (nānā 'ana i benzene, acetone, a no laila, ma luna o. D.), wai (vodka) a paa (keleawe). Ka mea, ua loaʻa lākou mau palapala noi i mau nāʻoihana o ka hoʻokele waiwai na: Nine Inch, ka ai, lole hana.

Kind papa wiliʻai OAOOUIEeE h ÷ a me ka mānoanoa hana mau, i mea no ke aha la ia mea oi kūpono inoa Mix.

Manawa i kona hiki ana i hoʻomaka koke solidify, ka mea ana hoʻohana like me ka mea hoʻopaʻa no masonry pā, nā kaupaku, kākoʻo nā hale, e like me ka pono me no ka hoopau ana i ke hana. Koʻana koko pāʻoihana, pinepine ekolu-ke keʻena ('ūheheʻe lepo pipili no hoi kekahi mau omaka filler) a ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka filler one, palolo, iliili, Lime, gypsum a me nā pono hana? Ieoaeunoai.