Lakou hoopuehu ana o ka malamalama

Ka malamalama nana i ulana maalo ae la oia ma ka triangular prism ua deflected i ka lihi e moe ana ku pono i ka refracting prism huina. Naʻe, inā e mea pono he pua kiele o keʻokeʻo malamalama, ia mea ma hope o ka hele ma ka maka aniani,ʻaʻole wale nō i haalele ai, akā, i decomposes i loko o nā pōpō kedera. O kŰia ua kapaia lakou hoopuehu ana o ka malamalama. Ua Ua mua? Anoee Isaakom Nyutonom i ka 1666 i loko o ka moʻo o kupaianaha ho okolohua.

Ka malamalama kahi i loko o Newton ho okolohua i mālama like me ka meaʻuʻuku hoʻopoepoe puka aia i loko o ka hoʻopau pahu hoomalamalamaia mai la ma Map. A hiki i ke alo o ka lua i hoʻoukaʻia prism mea ma luna o ka pā kahi o ka puni mau kiko hemahema 'ia nā pōpō laina, i kapaia Newton huahelu. Oia Spector ninoieo o ehiku iniiaiie'ōniʻoniʻo: ulaula, alani, he lenalena, omaomao, cyan, uliuli a me ka poni, a i nā hoʻololi mai kekahi i kekahi. Kēlā me kēia no ia ninoaaeyao ma ka pae makahiki o ia wahi nui like 'ole. Ka nui loa o ka poni koa, ka mea liilii loa -ʻulaʻula.

ʻO kekahi hana i mea o ke ākea laau nui o nā pōpō kukuna, loaa hoʻohana 'he prism, ku mai i ka pale me ka uuku puka ololi kaola o ka kekahi ano, a hoouna aku la i ka lua o ka prism.

Prism hoomalau ana i na ia, 'aʻole e hoʻololi i keʻano o kēia mau kukuna. i kapaia na mea a monochromatic (kekahiʻano) ia mau kukuna.

Experience hōʻike i ka ulaula kukuna haha aku ka palena haʻahaʻa haiahū kūmau hoʻohālikelike me ka lila, a laila kekahi waihoʻoluʻu kaola i refracted okoa prism.

Kaʻohiʻana maka aniani nā pōpō laulau o nā kukuna e hele mai ana mai loko mai o ka prism, Newton loaa he keʻokeʻo pale kahi o ka pena keokeo loloa puka kiʻi.

No a pau o kēia mau mea, Newton i ka i kēia hopena a:

• keʻokeʻo malamalama i ke ano maoli o ka luna 'ka malamalama, a he o nā pōpō kukuna;
• ma kekahi ano malamalama kukuna, a me ka refractive indices i kekahi mau konohiki; like me ka hopena o keia, i ka wa a ka keʻokeʻo malamalama kaola no ua deflected prism, ka mea, ua decomposed i loko o ka pae;
• Inā ka United nā pōpō kukuna o ka pae, e loaʻa keokeo malamalama hou.

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka hoopuehu ana o malamalama - he kŰia i kupu mai ke kaukaʻi o ka refractive Index o ka waiwai ma luna o ka ke kōā (a me ka alapine (frequency)).

ua malama lakou hoopuehu o ka malamalama, aole wale ka wā malamalama hele ma ka prism, akā, i loko o nā 'ē aʻe hihia, ka refraction o ka malamalama. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka laʻana, refraction i ka wai droplets Map ukali ma kona decomposition i loko o nā pōpō kukuna, keia mea kahaki ii ka anuenue ho okumu.

Newton, e loaa i ka pae kauoha i ka prismʻano laulā paukūʻolokaʻa kaola o ka lń ma ka poepoe puka i loko o ka hoʻopau.

Pae pela loaa nei he moʻo o kekahi ano kiʻi o ka poepoe lua hapa 'ia' overlapping i kekahi i kekahi. E loaa hou maemae pae, ma ka study o ka kŰia o ka lakou hoopuehu ana o ka malamalama, Newton laila'ōlelo akulaʻaʻole e hoʻohana i ka poepoe puka, a he ololi slit laua i ka refracting kae o ka prism. A me nā aniani kaulona ma ka pale ua loaa he akaka kiʻi o ka slit, a laila, hoʻouka kekahi ma hope o ka maka aniani prism i haawi mai i ka pae.

I ka loa a me ka maʻemaʻe lilelile spectra i loaa me ke kōkua o kūikawā manaʻo - spectrometers a me spectrographs.

Omo o ka malamalama - he kŰia i loko i ka malamalama nalu ikehu emi me eѐ maalo ae la oia ma ia mea. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka huli ana o ka malamalama ikaika o nä hawewe i loko o ikaika o ka haumāna pāhawewe, a ma na olelo e ae, o ka ikehu kipi o ka mea i loaʻa i ka okoa spectral haku mele 'ana, a me ka' ē aʻe ma amau o ka propagation.

Light omo hiki i hahana maoli nō kēia o ka mea, ionization a excitation o nā'ātoma a me nā lātoma, photochemical reactions a me nā keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o ia mea.