Leta Mōʻaukala: mai triples e e-mail. Opiopio moʻomanaʻo. Nā kāleka poʻoleka. Mail haawi

People mau pono, e haawi aku ike. Ia mea ke kumu o ka-Holland mōʻaukala hoomaka lōʻihi ma mua o ka Hekikai o ke kākau 'ana a me ka palapala kama'āina i kēia kanaka. I ka wā kahiko, no ka EYI o ka nūhou leo i hoʻohana. Kēia hana i koe i loko o kekahi mau wahi i hiki i ka Middle Ages. No ka laʻana, ma ka Inca aupuni a pau no na kenekulia, he mau kukini-hea ka poe i hohola i ka lono o ke kumukuai, neʻe maila a puni ka aina ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, o ka ai manamana mauna alanui. Hope, ka mea hoʻohana kēlā mau hīpuʻu palapala, ai ka lawe 'ike, he kaula, a ka pae.

cuneiform papa

Ka mua nenoaiu a kākau i loko o ka panina ano o ka olelo - cuneiform. A me kona helehelena ma kahi o 3 tausani makahiki BC. e ka. -Holland moʻolelo Ua hoʻoneʻe i ka hou kiʻekiʻe. Cuneiform ia iwaena o na kanaka o ka wa kahiko Mesopotamia: Sumerians, Akkadians, Babulona, a me ka Heta.

Palapala hōʻike i ka laau koʻokoʻo ma luna o ka lepo na papa, i ka wā o ka pālolo, hoopaa mai la kona palupalu. Aie i ka mea i ho'ākāka 'ano auka kila ku ae la shtrishki. Envelopes no ka palapala e like me i ka lepo. E heluhelu i ka olelo, i ka haumāna haʻawina kālā i e uhai "ka AEeAaOA."

Ka moolelo kahiko o ka eke leta no ka lōʻihi manawa i koeʻaneʻane IKE OLE IA. Nui na makana i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka mea, ua i ka puka o ka waihona o ka hope nui ko Asuria alii Ashurbanipal, ka mea i alii ai ma VII. BC. e ka. Ma kana mau kauoha, ua i mai ka 25.000 lepo o na papa io o ka papaʻa. Mawaena o ka cuneiform hāʻina o nā haʻawina, ua like ke aupuni nā palapala a me ka maʻamau kila. Ka waihona Ua wehe i loko o ka XIX kenekulia. Aie i ka mea kū hoʻokahi loaʻa ke pana aku au i deciphering e hoʻohoka mua o nā unuhi cuneiform.

Shells a me Nails

Huron Maunaʻohana ia me ka lei o ka leho. Ka mea, i e kui ma luna o ka pae, a no laila, loaa i ka pau palapala. Kēlā me kēia pā i kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu. Black ke ano o ka make, ulaula - kaua, he lenalena - .. a me ka hoʻokupu, etc. ka hiki e heluhelu i nā pōpō mau hipuu Ua noʻonoʻo i ka pono a me ka naʻauao.

Leta moʻolelo i wahi, a me ka "ia manaʻo" ke kahua. Mua kākau i ka palapala, ua aoia hoi kanaka e huki. Rock pena o ka kahiko, examples o i i loaʻa i kēia lā i loko o loihi ana, ia mea heʻano o ka eke leta no hoi, e hele ana i ka laekahi mākaʻikaʻi no ka hanauna. 'Ōlelo lauana a me ka uhi honu mau nō malamaia ma ka noho kaʻawale Polynesian ohana.

Hawaiʻi a me ke kai e mail

Kona hanana nenoaiu o ke kākau 'ana ua ma ka Aigupita kahiko. Eia hou kekahi, ka mea i ua hoʻomohala ma ka nunu opiopio lāʻau kū. E hoolilo i ka Aigupita hoʻohana hieroglyphics 'ike. Loa emi ikeia o ka mea i kēia lāhui kanaka i hana i ka prototype mua o ka Hawaiʻi. Mawaena o ka nui huapalapala, na kii ka mea, he mau huapalapala, e ke hoʻouna i nā leo (he 24).

I ka wā e hiki mai, ka loina o ka encryption hoʻomohala 'ē aʻe lāhui kanaka o ka wa kahiko East. Ka mua pono Hawaiʻi noʻonoʻo Hawaiʻi, iʻikeʻia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Ugarit ma luna o ka mokuna o kēia Suria a puni ka XV kenekulia. BC. e ka. A laila, ua palahalaha ae ana i nā 'ōlelo' ē Semitic he like kahua.

Kona Hawaiʻi ua mai ka Phoenicians. Keia kālepa kanaka i kaulana no ka mākaukau shipbuilders. Luina ua hoopakele eke i loko o ka panalāʻau lehulehu i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o ke Kaiwaenahonua. Ma ke kumu o ka Phoenician Hawaiʻi originated olelo Suria a me ka'ōlelo Hawaiʻi, Greek, mai a originate Aneane pau ke kālā no ke kākau 'ana e ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele.

angarum

Angarum - kahiko Peresia-Holland hana, hoʻokumu 'ia i loko o ka Achaemenid aupuni a pau i loko o ka VI. BC. e ka. Ua hoʻokumu 'ia kona alii Kuro II ka Nui. Prior i ua eke leta haawi mai kekahi kihi o ka moku'āina a hiki i kekahi ke lawe mahina, a 'aʻole e hoopii i ka luna.

I nā lā o Kuro, ikea mai la hangars (ka no laila, kapa lio couriers). Post o ka mea au i haawi mai i ka hookonokono ana ia mua o ka ʻoihana kila, na i keia la. Ka loihi alanui angarum holo mai Susana ma Saredeisa, a me kona lōʻihi, he 2,500 kilomika. Nunui ala Ua puunaueia i na haneri o ka wahi, kahi lio i hoʻololi a me couriers. Me keia efficient nenoaiie o Peresia na'lii seamlessly hoolilo kauoha i kona mau kia'āina ma ka loa ka loihi mai'āina o ka nui aupuni a pau.

A lohe o Kuro II ka hope Dariu I Kings Highway, i ke kau ana i ka mea e like ai no ke kiekie ana i ke kumu hoohalike o kona hui (a me ke ano nui angarum) i loko o ka moku'āina i ka lanakila o Aleksandr Makedonsky, i ka Roma i Emperor, aʻo Charles I, ka mea i alii iho la oia i ka medieval Frankish aupuni a pau i loko o ka IX kenekulia i kūkulu.

Ka Roma au

I kaulana ma luna, i ka Roma palapala a-Holland mōʻaukala nui e like me ka Peresia. Ma ka repubalika, a ma hope ma ke aupuni a ola ia laua lehulehu a me nā kākau'ōlelo nenoaiu. Ka la mahope o ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka ha awina oʻelele lehulehu, ka poe i hoolimalimaia (' ole hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka poe kauwa,) waiwai patricians.

I kona kiekie i ka Roma aupuni a uhi i ka nui ?? eoi? I loko o nā māhele 'ekolu o ke ao nei. Me he hookahi pukapuka o ka manamana ai alanui nei i loko o ke au kenekulia AD, ka mea, ua palekana e hoouna aku i kekahi palapala, mai Suria i Spain ai, mai Aigupita mai a hiki i Gaul. Small wahi, kahi aʻu i ka lio, i ua hoonohonoho i ka mamao o kekahi mau kilomika. Pūʻolo helu kaʻi aku ma couriers ma luna o ka lio, hoʻohana no ka ukana kaʻa.

Ka loa kokololio pono a me ka moku'āina moʻomanaʻo ua loaʻa wale no kūhelu palapala. Ia hope hoomaka ae la lakou e e hoopukaia ka kūikawā palapala no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka'ōnaehana kaahele luna a me Christian kahuna. Moku'āina ma ka malama o ka lāʻau kū kokoke ana i ka Emperor ka praetorian prefect, a mai ka IV kenekulia - E ke Kumu officiorum.

medieval Europe

Ma hope iho o ka haule ana o ka Roma aupuni a pau i ke kahiko eke nenoaiu e hina. Mau kia kila haawiia me ka alahula mau pilikia. Hāʻule maila lākou i ka palena, me ka nele o nā alanui a me ka malama ole, karaima, a me ka nalowale ana o ka hookahi kikowaena mana. Mail memo Ua liloʻo loa me ka muli o ka feudalism. Nui landowners pinepine ia nunui uku no ka hele ana ma luna o kona mokuna, i ka loa huikau hana couriers.

Ka wale a hiki iki centralized hui ma Europe i loko o ke kakahiaka nui Middle Ages, i ka ekalesia koe. Monasteries, nā hale waihona puke, na ekalesia a me ka hoʻomalu kino pono i loko o kekahi mau kūkaʻi o ka 'ike i loko o ka nui loa o ka politically mamalaʻEulopa. No ka mea hui o ka eke leta i hoomaka ai, e lawe i ka a pau ka uhane kauoha. Pinepine, pono palapala i loko o ka Old World i kaʻi aku i ka leha ana mōneka a me nā kāhuna, he pinepine ka mea o ka 'ohana ka palekana mai ka pilikia me ka malihini nona kaʻaʻahu'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uhane kūlana.

Kona hui kālepa eleleʻikeʻia ma nā kulanui, a,ʻo nā haumāna mai ka laulāʻano o nā lua penei. Pakahi aku la ia kaulana couriers kula o Napela, Bologna, Toulouse a me Paris. Ka mea, liaise ma waena o nā haumāna a me ko lakou mau ohana.

Ka hapa nui ma ka pono o ka moʻomanaʻo poʻe kālepa a me ka artisans. Ole āina palapala memo me lakou i na hoalawehana, ka mea hiki ole i hookupaaʻi i ka oihana a me ke kūʻai akuʻana. Ku ae la o kanaka hui kalepa e mail puni kauä kuapaʻa, a me na ahahui o pāʻoihana. I ka hae o ka ia i ka'ōnaehana i ua hana ma Venice, nona kalepa hui 'ana pili i medieval repubalika ole wale mai Europa akā, no hoi, mai ke kaawale ana aina ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ke Kaiwaenahonua.

I Italy a me Hawaii, ma ke kula noa kūlanakauhale i hanaʻia, i hoopomaikai io ka hoʻokō hoʻokiwikā kila. Kā lākou mau inā pilikia ka haumāna kukini a pau i loko o Mainz, Cologne, Nordgauzena, Breslau, Augsburg, a no laila, ma luna o. D. lākou i hāʻawiʻia i palapala o ka hooponopono, e like me hoʻouna 'ano o nā kupa, e uku no ka lawelawe ana ma ka kekahi dute.

Coachmen a me triples

Mahalo e "ka nui o Tsar Saltan" Aleksandra Pushkina ma kona wā kamaliʻi a pau i lohe i ka hopuna'ōlelo: "kekahi i hele me ka palapala i kaʻelele." Wahi lulu Mail originated i loko o ke au o Kievan Rus. Ka nele no kekahi ano o ka launa like o nā leka i ua mau Ua pili no ko kakou aupuni ku i kona nui nā panalāʻau e. Alahula mau Western o ka poʻeʻEulopa, a lewa mamao papa koa no Lūkiniʻelele, a improbable no ka malihini.

I ka manawa o Ivana Groznogo ka tsar ka couriers ua e hele i ka lā o ka hoʻokahi haneri kilomika, a ua hiki ole i ka wehewehe ana i na kilo kamaʻilio. I ka XIII - XVIII kenekulia. -Holland wahi i loko o Rusia i kapaia lua. Ka mea, mālama lio, a hana inns.

Aia ua no hoi ka ai-kapaia coachman hana. Ua hohola aku i ka nui o nā'āina o ke kikoo. Kauwa e malama nei kā lākou hana, ua loaʻa iā ia, e hoonohonoho i ka halihali ana i nā kānaka, diplomats a me ka ukana. Keia moolelo Ua hohola Tatar-Mongols i kā lākou mauʻauamo ma luna hikina Slavic ko na'lii,. Ma ka XVI kenekulia Yamskoy i ka mea iʻikeʻia i loko o ka Lūkini moku'āina. Kēia mea like o ke Kuhina i komo ole wale Mail akā, no hoi ma ka auhau mea. He pōkole hopuna'ōlelo: "kekahi i hele me ka palapalaʻelele" hiki apuepue hoolilo aku i ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka hookahua pāʻoihana ma medieval Rusia.

About elua haneri makahiki aku nei, ua kaulana raznoallyurnye holo ekolu mau lio. Ka mea, i hoomakaukauia mai ua hōʻike hewa no ka hele ana maluna o lōʻihi mamao. Ma na aoao o ka crotch lio māmā, a me nā kikowaena mau lala-lio trotting nee aku no ia. Mahalo i kēia AEI kīnā ka palena no ka manawa māmā holo o 45-50 kilomika no hora.

Mai coaches i? Aeaciui a me steamships

Centralized nenoai Royal Mail iʻikeʻia i loko oʻEnelani, Kuekene, France a me nā hoʻomōhala i ka'āina i loko o XVI-XVII kenekulia. A me ka ulu pono no ka hoʻomākaukauʻia ILD.

Ma ka huli ana o ka Middle Ages, a me ka Hoikehonua, Times ma Enelani hohola stagecoaches. Ua kaʻi ua kiʻekiʻe o hanaumua pono o ka poe noonoo ole lio couriers. Ma ka hopena, ua lanakilaʻo ia i ka honua a me kaʻikeʻia ma nā wahi a pau o ke ao nei, mai Australia i Amerika. Ke ana o ka eke leta kaa i loko o ke kulanakauhale a me na kauhale a pau, hai aku la ia me ka kūikawā pu.

Kekahi popoiwi wahi i loko o ka ulu ana o ka 'ōlelo nenoai mai ai i loko o ke kakahiaka nui XIX kenekulia me ka Hekikai o Railroad a me ka moku poe. A houʻano o ka wai amo ua pono ka i loko o ka hoʻolālā o ka Beritania-Mauna-mail. Ua hōʻike hewa e kōkua Hotele a hiki i ka hikina o ka Pelekania hana i kākoʻo i ka hana o ka Suez Canal i loko oʻAigupita, ma ka mea o ka moku hiki ole e hele a puni Africa.

mailboxes

Aia i kekahi mau wale nō o kahi i hele mai i ka IePOIeXUE mua. Ma kekahi o ia mau mea hiki ke noʻonoʻo me ia lobbies, hoʻonoho ma Florence i loko o ke kakahiaka XVI kenekulia. Ka mea, Ua kau e hiki mai ana i na ekalesia - ka lehulehu wahi kumu nui o ke kulanakauhale. Wooden pahu me ka slit i ka luna i ua hoʻololi i, e hoʻouna i ka Anonymous denunciation, ma i hōʻike hewa ku ei ka moku'āina.

¶ A i loko o ka XVI kenekulia, i kēia mau mea kū i, he mau luina. I kela a me keia o na Beritania a me ka Hōlani panalāʻau i kā lākou mau IePOIeXUE. Me ke kōkua o ka 'enehana explorers hala palapala i na moku e ae.

Palani inventor o ka IePOIeXUE ua noʻonoʻo Renoir de Ka Vilayat. Ua i ka mea nana Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i ka pilikia o ka palapala ma waena o ka Parisians. Ma ka waena o ka XVII kenekulia i loko o ka Palani kapikala he mau eha moʻomanaʻo oihana, akā, ka mea hiki ole Makuakane me ka nui pele o ka palapala o ke ano o kanaka. Renoir de Ka Vilayat ua he lâlâ o ka Aupuni, a me ka National Academy o Sciences. Ma ka ai pili aku kona iho ingenuity a me ka hoʻomalu waiwai (olelo hooholo o King Louis XIV), i ka 1653, ua hoʻoili i ka mea hoʻonoho o mailboxes a pau ma luna o Paris, i ka nui maʻalahi no ka-Holland hana. Ka His hopu koke i loko o ka kapikala, a hohola iho la i na kulanakauhale e ae.

I ka moolelo o Lūkini-mail ua mea ia i nā mailboxesʻikeʻia wale nō i ka makahiki 1848. Ka mea mua e like me na mea kupanaha hoʻokumu ma Moscow a me St. Petersburg. Initially, o ka manao i i ka lāʻau, a laila, i auou caiaiai ka mea, me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia. No kaʻenaʻena shipments hoʻohana mailboxes, pena he ao alohilohi iʻalani waihoʻoluʻu.

A hehi ihola au

Ka papa manawa i loko o New hoʻonohonoho '-Holland'ōnaehana, ua nui loa hewa. Key i waena o ia mea no ka mea i ka hewa ana i hoopiia no ka hoʻouna paa pu koe kēlā mau hīpuʻu ma muli naʻe o kekahi logistical a me ka oaoieei HOU. No ka mea manawa mua keia pilikia i ua Wehewehe i nā hāʻina ma o ka UK. I ka 1840 ikeiaʻe la e ia i ka mua o ka manawa pono-ikeia lama - "ʻeleʻele denari". Kona hookuu Ua pili me ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o nāʻauhau no ka hoʻouna emails.

Hoʻoili i ka hanaia'na o ka hao lilo Rowland Hill politician. Me ke kii i kahakahaia me ka momoku ahi holoʻokoʻa o ka uʻi Queen Victoria. HOU apo la, a mai laila kela wahī i hoʻolako pono i ka palapala me ka kupaianaha i 'ae'. Nā pepiliʻikeʻia i loko o nā'āina. Ke mihi Ua alakai ai i ka nui mahuahua i loko o ka helu ana o-Holland shipments i loko o ka UK oi ma mua o papaluaia i like i ka makahiki mua o ka epochal hou '.

Ma Rusia, ka hao ikea i ka 1857. Ka mua hoailona o Ka Uku Leka kuaiia ma ka 10 keneta. Ke hehi iho-hina aeto i depicted. No ka holo koho keia heraldic hōʻailona, no ka mea, o ka höʻailona o ka Oihana Leta o ke aupuni a pau. Ka oihana i ho'āʻo e mālama i me ka Western LIKE. Mail USSR i uku nui noonoo i ka lama. Soviet ka hoʻonuiʻia uku hōʻailona iʻikeʻia i loko o 1923.

nā kāleka poʻoleka

Ninau i nā kāleka poʻoleka i waho kŘpa nei. Ka mua kāleka o keia ano keia anoʻikeʻia i loko o 1869 i loko o Austria-Hungary. Soon, ua eo i kēia waihona o ka Europe-ākea hiʻona. Ua hanaʻia i loko o ka Franco-Prussian Kaua o 1870-1871., I ka wa i hoomaka ai ka Palani koa, e massively hoouna aku i ko lakou poe hoahanau ia manaʻo nā kāleka poʻoleka.

Frontline pahaohao Ua koke intercepted e poʻe kālepa. Ma hope o kekahi mau mahina nā kāleka poʻoleka lilo nuipa a hua mai la ia maʻEnelani, Denmark, Pelekiuma a me ka Netherlands. Rusia ka mua kāleka Ua puka mai i ka makahiki 1872. A hiki ma hope makahiki eono ma ka kūikawā Ahaolelo Lahui o ka lahui maʻamau kāleka nui like 'ole i aponoia ma Palika (9 kenimika loa, 14 mau kenimika ka laula,). Hope ka mea, i kekahi mau manawa hoʻololi. Over manawa, he mau subspecies o na nā kāleka poʻoleka: aloha,? Ueony, nā'ōlelo, no, hoʻolaha, kālai'āina, a pela aku ...

hou LIKE

I ka 1820, oia invented i ka wahī i loko o ka UK. Ma hope o kekahi 30 makahiki, ua hehi iho paa pu ai. Ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia, i ka palapala ke hele a puni ka honua no 80-85 lā. Hele ana hōʻeleu i ka wā o ka māhū-Siberian alahao i weheia ma Rusia.

XIX kenekulia i koho ma ka helehelena o ka pūkaʻina ka telegraph, kelepona a me ka Radio. Ka muli o ka 'ike loea hou, aole ia e hoemi i ka nui i ka poe no ka mea laila eke kanaka ka. Telegraph a hana i invaluable kōkua i kona kūpono 'ana (i loko o nā oihana o ke aupuni i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hui, ua kuleana no kēia mau' ano o ka pili ana).

I ka 1874, ka Universal Leta Union, a me ka Universal Leta Ahaolelo Lahui i mālama 'ia hana. Ke AIM o ka hanana i ka hōʻailona o ka lahui berita, a makemake unify ka disparate palapala EYI nenoai a puni ka honua. Ma ka Ahaolelo Lahui i hele ma ka 'elele o ka 22 Hawaii. Ka mea, ua kakauia na inoa o ka Universal Leta hookahi aelike, koke Kapa hou i ke Universal Leta Convention. Ka palapala ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo i nā rula o ka hoʻonohonoho 'ia e haʻalele iho launa like. Mai laila, i ke-Holland mōʻaukala o Rusia hoomau ma ka laina me ka hualoaʻa a evolution o ka-Holland hana.

hoomaka kūpono 'Aeronautics ma ka hopena o XIX kenekulia. Naʻi ke kanaka lewa alakai i ka nalowaleʻana o kekahi physical nā pale kaʻa no shipments nā hualoaʻa a. E like me ka olelo ma luna, i ikeia o ka maikai ana kahiko no kona airmail - opiopio. Manu i hoʻohanaʻia e kanaka, e kamaʻilio a hiki ma ke kiekie o ka holomua. No nunu opiopio lilo paʻa mau iloko o ke koko kaua. Hulu melemele Mail mau hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o nā fronts o ka First a me elua World War.

e-mail

Ma ka mea kēia au hou, ua nui na wehewehena i. A kapa aku ia 'ike. A me keia mea oiaio ma na mea he nui i ka mahalo. I kēia lā ia mea he nui o nā kumu waiwai no ka hōʻike, e neʻe holomua. Ka mea pili i kipi mai ai i ke aloha a hiki i ka muli o ka Internet a me kēia 'ano o ka' ōlelo.

Kēia manawa, maʻa i na hanauna he nui o kanaka pepa e mail i nā haawi ala i ka leka uila. I wahi o ka hao pahu no envelopes hele mai e-mail, a me ka nohona kūkākūkā ioauoa loa obliterated notions o ka mamao. Inā he iwakalua makahiki aku nei, ua ike i ka Internet like chudacheskaya leʻaleʻa, kēia manawa ole ia mea paakiki e noonoo ai i na i ke ola o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia kanaka. Available me ka lolouila e-mail i kēlā me kēia kanaka embodies na kenekulia-lōʻihi evolution me ka aneane a pau o kona jerks likeʻole a me ka Lele.