Lobbying - He aha ka keia?

Kaʻia "lobbying" i mua hānau i loko o ka UK ma ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia. Ma ka palapala ano o lobbying - ka puʻe ma ka olelo hooholo-'ē aʻe, e hōʻoia 'ia i ka mea hoʻoholo. A Kuhina Nui kumu hoʻohālike o ka pololei a me kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe puʻe ma na mp i ko lakou koho ana ma bila. Ka mea, ua hoomaka no laila, nui Pelekāne industrialists e hiki, hoiliili i na sidelines o na kau o ka Ahaolelo o ke keʻena o loko o nā lā a me ka ho'āʻo ana e somehow hoomaopopo parliamentarians, e lawe i ka mea hoʻoholo.

I kēia lā lobbying - Ua i kekahi mau mea hou he ākea kŰia. Ua hunaʻAʻole wale i ka poepoe o ka pāʻoihana pono, akā, i 'ole-hui a papa hana, ' epekema, ka hoʻonaʻauao, e kilokilo ai, ideologies, a no laila, ma luna o. Pili aupuni lobbying ka nui industrialists o ka hope kenekulia i ka hai io paha i 'ino ai ano. I kēia lā, ua ha awina ua hala loa i komo i loko o ka maʻamau o ke ola o ke aupuni Hawaii o ko ke ao nei. I keia la o ka honua o ka pili aupuni lobbying HA - ia mea i he 'oihana haʻawina. A, he kūpono ka hoʻopaʻi ma ka helu o nā meaʻai poʻokela pepa o ka honua a me ka Lūkini kulanui nei. A i loko o ka US, e like me ka hōʻike ma ka 'ikepili helu, eia oi ma mua o 12.000 kūhelu lobbyists.

Lobbying ma kālai'āina a me kona mau ki ina hana like

Hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā 'ano mau o ka hana: kauoha a me kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe. Ka mua nā kauoha halawai a me ka hui kūkāʻana me nā lālā o ka Hale Ahaolelo; a pau e wehewehe a me ka manaʻo pīhoihoi ma ka iwaena o lakou; kōkua ma ka makaukau o ke kikoo kānāwai; 'oihana aʻo; hoʻolako 'ia' ana o nā lawelawe lunakanawai a me ka poe pili aupuni; Direct i waiho iho ai ke kala i loko o kā lākou mau mooolelo, no ka laʻana, no ka hana o ke koho paipai aʻo kai eʻe. ʻauhau'ēʻaʻe lobbying - ua mediated ma ka hana, a ua kauoha aku ma ka puʻe ma parliamentarians. Ke eia ke e oleloia me examples o laila:

1. ka ole o ka lehulehu manao. Ma keia hihia, triggered ma kekahi Hanalei Moon i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, (i hookuu ma ka Media), a laila, e lilo i ka manaʻo koikoi kila 'Aha'ōlelo.

2. Social ana manaʻo. Mau ana i pinepine mālama '-? Oaony i nā hualoaʻa. Kēia paha e ku pono ana i ke koho ana o ka kekahi nohona pūʻulu, wahi, hoʻonāukiuki ana i ka pilikia, a no laila, ma luna o. Hope paʻi i ka hopena o kēia mau ana i kekahi i kekahi une lōhai o ke keiki.

3. ka hana 'koho pāloka. 'O kēia ka hihia i ka wa a na lobbyists pololei hoopii i kanaka a me ka poe campaigning e kamaʻilio, ma ka huli, a hiki i na lunakanawai: kākau i ka palapala, he kelepona kahea. Ua ho'ēmi 'koho i ke mālama' ia ka hālāwai no ka hookamaia ana i nā bila.

4. Situational ē aʻe. Ma kekahi mau hihia, lobbyists hiki ke hui ma ke kānāwai kaawale, pono i na lala o ka hui. Pela hoi, aole ina ke koena o ko lākou mau pomaikai mai i coincide. Lunakanawai i oi paha, e hālāwai me nāʻelele o kēia mau pūʻulu, e like me ka mea eliminates ka pono, e hoolohe i na olelo o kekahi pūʻulu ano. Alaila, e hoopakele manawa a me ka ikehu.