Lustration - He aha ka mea? Ke kānāwai ma luna o lustration. Lustration ma Ukraine

I ka loli ana o ke Aupuni? Eiia io ua pinepine pu ma ka hōʻike 'ana a me nā Hookolokolo a me ka accusatory kaʻina. Kaʻia "lustration" He mea hou. Word ike i ka loa unenlightened. Akā, i hana lustration, e noho unclear no aneane a pau.

I ka moolelo o ka hanana o Lustration kaʻina hana

No laila, i loko o kahiko Rome, a kahiko Greece ua he hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻanaʻano hana. Tradition hana na kamalii uuku huikala ma ka mohai i na mohai i ke akua. Ma ke kālā no keia, o ka naau: "Lustration - ia mea," mākou ke'ōlelo e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana o ka huikala ana o nā pae o ke aupuni, mai kekahi mau 'ano o ke kula.

Loa pinepine pili lustration i nā mea a pau kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe luna o ka moku'āina, a me nā mea a pau me ka lunamakaainana o ke kānāwai a me ka mea a me ka lahui maluhia. Kuhina, 'elele o ka hooko a me ka Hale Aupuni, e malu koa, nā luna kānāwai a me nā makai - mea he kāpili papa o kivila kauwā i loko o ka mahalo o ka i hana i ka manaʻo o "lustration".

No ke aha la hana lustration

Nā initiators o ke kaʻina hana e mau ai ka hou, e hele mai i kekahi Hope (a coup) aupuni. Lakou hakaka ana ma nāʻano a pau e hōʻike i ko lākou hewa i ka mea a pau mau hana i loko o ka'āina ma mua o lākou. Pinepine na kanaka o ka aina poino o ka "pono" a pau o ka mua luna i loko o ka hou. A ka mea, aole e hoʻonui i ka lokomaikai o na kanaka a hiki i ka hou ke aupuni, akā, e aho exacerbates he ua pilikia hoʻololi keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

No laila, ka mea hou aupuni hala i ke kānāwai ma luna o lustration, a hoʻomōakaaka na kumu ma lalo a luna aupuni e noho ma ka oihana. A pau ka poe i kekahi aoao ai kekahi limahana ma ka pono kīvila aʻe 'ana, i ka luhi ana o na kanaka, i ka falsification o pili aupuni a me ka mōʻaukala kūʻiʻo, a no laila, ma luna, E., Mai ae i ka hooponopono ana kino Kau aku la lakou ma ka hou? Eia.

Lustration - ka hoopai mua

Lustration - He aha ka mea? Hoopai mua. I ka mea ana i kekahi mau Europa, a me ka Amelika mau kānakaʻepekema, a me nā moʻolelo manaʻo i kēia kaʻina. Ia mea,ʻaʻole manawa e hiki ke hooiaio conclusively kūhelu hewa o ka hewa ma ka pili ana i ka pono kīvila a me kīvila. Pinepine lawa 'eleu kōkua "neaiae" i ke Komisina, i epa me keia hilo, a me nā luna he mea he hailona o ka pilikia.

Me ka pele denunciation huliʻauamo, a me Czech, ma i luna lustration mālama 'ia ma hope o ka haule ana o ka Communist aoao. I ka helu o ka palapala noi, mai makaainana me ka inoa allegedly limahana ma ka pono kīvila aʻe 'ana i loko o kēia mau'āina ua hiki ia i ka unahiʻole, i mea wale ka mua ke kahua - ka wā o ka loaa ana i ka hoailona - ka mea, e hoʻokaʻina' ano i loko o ekolu waeʻano. Ka mua haule nā kānaka nona ka hewa i ho'āʻo ai, a i ole koi hōʻoia; ka lua - ka poe nona na hewa i ole, ua ai, akā, e huna i ka oiaio o kona alu like 'ana me ka maluhia Aupuni. A me ke kolu o ka pūʻulu huli mai i ka poʻe nona ka hewa ho oholo ka mea, ua aneane hiki ole no i ka hoʻokau 'o ko lākou mau hana. Ka hapanui pinepine ma ka pili ana i kēia mau haʻahaʻa luna aupuni ole i ka hoopii, akā, i kēia waeʻano i ka nui loa.

Ke kumu me nā loina o ka lustration

E like me ua oleloia, lustration - ka wehewehena o nā luna ma kekahi mau pae o nā inoa, hali 'ana paha, mai ka hana ana ma o ka lehulehu hooponopono. Ka loa, he pono ole kaʻina ua ma ka hikina Europe ma hope o ka hoʻokahuliʻia o ka Communist? Eia. I loko nō o ka oko ao ma ki ina hana like o nä violators o ka pono kīvila ma kekahi aina e, ka mea, ua nō like kumu, a hoʻomaka i ka lustration.

Mua, a pau States i hoohewa ae ai i ka hana o ka Communist? Eia, he kauoha hooponopono ana o ka aina a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka Media, e kau puʻe ma luna o kanaka. Ka lua, ka mea holoʻokoʻa manawa au o ka Communist? Eia ua hoakakaia e like me ke karaima. Ia mea he uuku caveat i ke kūpono 'ana o ke kulana -. He 1948-1990 makahiki. Ke kolu, ma ka helu o nā'āina no ka hoʻohāiki 'komo ana i na luna aupuni kahiko o ka managerial nā kūlana hana loli ole wale i ke aupuni a me ke alii ana o ke kānāwai, akā, i ka hoʻonaʻauao kulanui a me ka hoʻomana a papa hana.

A pau nā manaʻo e pili ana i mea i ka lustration o ka mana, he aupuni ano. Ka loihi a loudest lustration keʻano o ka hanaʻana ua hoano e Czech Repubalika a me Poland.

Lustration i loko o ka Lepupalika Czech

Ka mahae o Czechoslovakia i mau Hawaii a me ka hookahuli ana i ka Communist? Eia alakai ai i ka mea e ka Lepupalika Czech i hoʻokō i kekahi 'anoʻoʻoleʻa a me ka hohonu hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka o ke kula. No laila lustration - i ka mea i loko o nä hana kilokilo?

Mai ka makahiki 1991, i ka Pekelala Kukamalu o ka Lepupalika Czech i ka helu o ka decommunisation kanawai. I ka pau, i kekahi o ia mau mea - "Ma ka illegality o ka Communist? Eia" - hoʻoholo ihola ia i ke kuleana no ka mea a pau i hiki mai ai i loko o ka postwar wā i loko o Czechoslovakia, ke moe ma ka Communist Party a me kona alakaʻi. Ka mea, e hoopiiia mai i wale i ka waiwai ana o ka aina a me ka kauoha kūkulu 'ia o ka socialism, akā, ma ka hana pono i ka hulina e hoomalumalu ana i kekahi i kekahi.

"Palupalu" nuipa lustration i loko o ka Lepupalika Czech

E like me ka hopena o ka hana hōʻoia ua undergone oi ma mua o 140 000 kanaka - .. Luna o nā kaua, i nā luna kānāwai, rectors o nā kulanui, alakaʻi o ka noiʻi institutes, etc. I koʻu puka like me ka hoailona ana i kekahi a me kekahi luna, ka mea i koke hoʻokuʻu mai kā lākou hana (ina mea i ka hana o i loko o ke aupuni) a me ka hoʻolaha ma hoc komite e hoʻomaka i ka loiloi 'ia ma ka manao o ia kanaka. E like me ka mea i hoʻokumu mea, ke ponopono mea i oi aku mamua o na malama elua, he ia e lawe mai, akā, pinepine lohi no ka eono mahina a oi.

Inā ke Komite ua hiki ke hooiaio i ka hala ana o kekahi kanaka, a hiki e lana ana i nā kūʻiʻo o kona hiki ke alu like 'ana me ka maluhia koa, alaila, ua nele no ka manawa kūpono e paa alakai kulana ma nā mea a pau moku'āina hale no 5 makahiki. He no ka mea, "hoopai" Czech lustration keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a ua kapa pahee.

Hoʻohana kūpono 'ole o ka lustration kaʻina

I loko nō o ka mäliko o nā mea a pau keʻano o ka hanaʻana, a hiki i i ka hou aupuni imi i 1996 alakaʻi kulana no a pau comers,ʻaʻole lawa. No laila,ʻo ka poeikohoia o ka hou kemokalaka aupuni, hanaʻino pūʻia o ka lustration kaʻina e neutralize kālai'āina mau hoa paio i hoomaka ai.

Ua loaʻaʻo Vatslavu Gavelu, oia no ka mea mua Peresidena o ka Lepupalika Czech , a pâʻani 'o ia ma hope o pono ke de-communization hooponopono a me ka mana. Ma na palapala o ka State mālama 'ia hoʻi i loaʻa i ka waihona ma luna ona, ma ka a, ma hope o kekahi kamailio ana me kekahi' elele o na Aupuni Havel i ho'ākāka 'ia ma "he hiki moho no ke alu like."

Kela manawa, i ka 1996, e familiarize me kā lākou mau AEIU, ina kekahi, i loko o nā palapala, i na i hiki Czechs. Akā, mahope mai o ka mea, i ka helu ana o "scandalous mea i hoikeia mai", a ua lilo increasingly kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka lustration kuhikuhi i ka fallacy o kēia kaʻina, kekahi kapu ma luna o ka hōʻike 'ia' o ka 'ike no nā kānaka moʻolelo, kula a me nā kulanui kumu i hoʻolauna.

Lustration ma Poland

Polish "kūpaʻa" ana i ka baton o ka mana, mai na lima mai o ka Communists. Ua nānā loa peacefully a me ka pono. Ke aupuni hou i ua hoʻohiki ka inviolability o na lala o ka Communist Party a me ka maluhia. Eia naʻe,'ano'ē manao 'elele o ka "kūpaʻa" i loko o kā lākou kona manaopaa, e kiʻi i kā mākou hoʻohana i ke aupuni i manaoia e hoʻolauna hoopai no cooperating me ka Communist? Eia i loko o ka palapala o ka paa.

Mau noi i lohe ole ai mamua, akā, ua nui i ke kaʻina ua literally kahili ae i ka aina i ke kahawai o denunciations o kona nā hoapili. E like me ka hopena, i ka Polish Sejm aponoia ke kānāwai ma luna o lustration, ma a ka kaiapili o na ilamuku kaupalena 'wale ma ka poe lawelawe, papa kiʻekiʻe luna, lunakanawai a me na lunakanawai. I ka Ia manawa, e hana ma luna o ke alakaʻi kulana, hopu iho la kūhelu ua akea mihi a kala no na kanaka hana i loko o ka Communist? Eia. Initially, e ka e pili ana ia.

Papakaukau waiū o hou luna aupuni

I ka 2007, Poland kahiliia'ku kekahi mau nui scandals. Ma hope o 'ana o ka Archive palapala hele Hope Kuhina Nui Kuhina Yanushu Tomashevskomu, kaʻao kinai i ka pono kīvila Lech Walesa, Aleksandru Kvasnevskomu (pelekikena hiku o Poland) a me na mea he nui' ē pono-ike Polish nā loea kālai'āina a me ka lehulehu huahelu.

I ka 2006, ka Polish Sejm aponoia hoololi i ke lustration kānāwai, e like me i hoopomaikai io i ka laulā o ka poe nona ka hana i ka noho alii ana o ka Communist Party noho ia malalo iho i ka lehulehu. Nā kānaka moʻolelo, kula a me nā kulanui Kumu, alakaʻi o nā kula a me nā nīnūnē poʻe kauwā a pau no hoi, e waiho lustration hoakaka ia ana no ka 'oihana a undergo i ka loaʻa, e kaha i ka hoʻok & ucirckû ia i ka manawa o ke keiki hookama o na hoololi i noho mua i ka pou. Hou denunciations pele ua ulu i ka launaʻole huliāmahi kēia, no laila, i ke Kumukanawai Hookolokolo i ke Poland i ka 2007, e ike i ka helu o kēia mau hoololi, 'ino ai.

Hope nä Temepela, e haawi ana i ka pane i ka nīnau "lustration - i ka mea," wawahi mai i ka 2007 ma ke kahua o ka Ekalesia Hui. Kona wahi o Kauhalenui o Warsaw i haʻakoi e haʻalele Stanislaw Wielgus, ka poe i huna iho la oia i ka hālāwai ninaninau ma ka Waikikana kona alu like 'ana me ka Polish moku'āina mālama' ia hoʻi i loko o ke kino o ka 70s.

Lustration E e mainstreamed i loko o nā wahi o ke kanaka ola, akā, na nuances, a me nā kumu i loko o i kanaka e, e e noonoo.

Lustration i loko o ke kia-Soviet makahiki

Mua republics o ka Soviet Union, loaa kuokoa i loko o ka makahiki 1991, ua hoi pinepine ae la oia nō ia lustration, i ka nui o ka i no ka hapanui hapa hou-auhau, ua koi 'ia.

Ma Rusia a me Ukraine ua pinepine ae ho'āʻo ana e hoʻomaka ai i ka lustration, akā,ʻaʻohe bila ia i keiki hookama. I Rusia, i hoʻolauna i ka uku e like me ka hapa o ka hoʻopulapula o ia wahi ka totalitarian? Eia o ke kānāwai, e like me a nā luna kānāwai a me nā luna limahana ma ka repression, i laweia mai i ka pono. Eia naʻe, kūikawā hohola keia hana ua i loaʻa, a me ka loaa ole a pau mahope ho'āʻo i lustration mana i kākoʻo.

Ma Georgia, ua banned ka Communist a me Nazi hoʻi i lustration. Ma ka mea nui nā kūlana hana 'aʻole' ae mua ooaoiuo o ka malu nā loko, a functionaries o ka Communist Party.

Lustration i loko o ka Baltic States

Ka nui resonance lustration ua hiki ma ka Baltic'āina. I Estonia, no ka mea hoike, i ke kānāwai ua hoakaka no ka hoopii o ka poe i komo i loko o nuipa repression i ka Communist? Eia. Latvia a me Lithuania i oi kupaʻa e pili ana i ka hala o ko lākou mau kanaka, akā, 'aneʻi i nā kānāwai pili? Aie? Aiiie komo i ka mana consciously hana pū' ana me ka maluhia koa o ka Soviet Union. Eia naʻe, e like me ia ma Europe, ka mea, i ko ianei manao e hoopono mai i kona kino poe enemi - ka hopuna'ōlelo "manao kūkaʻi 'ana," Ua loa hulina, a no ia mea hoopiiia kanaka' aʻole i loaʻa i kekahi mea.

Ukraine, a me ka paio no ka maemae o na Aupuni

"Lustration ma Ukraine e e hana koke ia!" Ua ua me ka slogans i na protesters ua i ka mua kipi. First seriously hoʻomaka 'kamailio ana lustration ma hope o ka "OrangeʻOiʻenehana" o ka 2004.

A laila, ma ka Verkhovna Rada Ua kakau koke 2 bila ma lustration. E like me kekahi o ia mau mea, e ke paa lustration ma ka pili ana i ka poe i komo i loko o ka hooponopono ana o ka moku'āina, koe wale no ka Peresidena a me kāna mau hoʻoponopono functionaries. Ma kekahi bila, kapu i ka mea nāna i 'ana paha kahiko o ka'āina kōkua' ana me ka KGB o ka USSR.

I ka manao o ka Ukrainian ke kaiāulu kanaka, e kala

ʻAʻole hoʻi laila, aole e ole bila kanawai ia i keiki hookama. E like me ka poe akamai i (sociologists, kālai'āinaʻepekema, a no laila, ma luna o. P.), Lustration ma Ukraine mea hiki ole, ole, E, ke kaiāulu kanaka, muli o kona makemake hoopai, a meaʻaʻole paha ia eʻoiaʻiʻo nō me ka mahalo i kekahi a me nā luna aupuni.

Ke koi no ka mea "wahi aupuni" ma activists o ka Maidan i loko o 2014, ma ka 'ana, stipulates na koi no ka moho i: hala ole ana i na Aupuni, mahope mai o ka makahiki 2010; mea hiki hana o ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 5 makahiki ma ka papa kiʻekiʻe kulana ma k? h, a me ka ke Aupuni ..; hala ole ana a hiki i ka 100 richest kanaka i loko o Ukraine , a no laila, ma luna o. n.

Like o Aperila 9, 2014 ma ka Verkhovna Rada o Ukraine ua mua helu 4 o ka bila kanawai, pili i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā pae o ka Ukrainian aupuni - o keʻano o ka hanaʻana e like me lustration lunakanawai, kula kiʻekiʻe 'na kauwa a me ka meaʻuʻuku, kānāwai mākaʻi luna, a no laila, ma luna o ..