Mea kanu a me na holoholona o ka Book Ula o ka Vladimir wahi: ka Hawaii photo papa

Ka Red Book o Vladimir māhele - he palapala, a ikea mai la e like me ka hopena o painstaking hana o nā kānakaʻepekema. Ia he wahi waiwai i ka nahele (ka mea lawe i ka apana uuku na oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka iauae ieiuaae), a me ka malimali mehana aniau, ia hoʻi, he nui ka helu ana o flora a me? Aaoa. Ia mea ke kumu o ka Vladimir māhele 'āina i na holoholona lehulehu o ka Red Book. Ma lalo loa maikaʻi? Aneeo kiʻi 6 pakeneka o ka aina - ka mokuna o ka hoomaluia mea. Iwaena o lakou o ka National Park "Meschera" a me ke Lake Isihra. Eia ka hapa o ka caiiaaaieea, a "Klyazma" o ke aupuni pekelala manaʻo nui.

He aha ka ka Red Book?

Ke anu u mua mea e hoʻoholo i ka Red Book, aha mea kona manaʻo a me nā hiʻona. No laila, i kēia palapala nei i ka papa inoa o ka pohihihi ole miomio o 'elele o flora a me? Aaoa.

He He kuhihewa, e manaʻo ana ia he palapala i koe wale nō i loko o ka Russian Hui. I ka makahiki 1963, i ka International Red Book (hana ma luna o ka mea i wahi i ka 1948), ua hookuu.

Me ka ho'ākāka 'ia e pili ana i ko kakou aupuni, a hiki i ka'opi o ka USSR ua he Red Buke o ka USSR, a laila, - i ka 2001 ano i ike ai i ka malamalama o ka lākou o ka hoomaluia mea kanu a me nā holoholona Rusia, i kapaʻia ka Red Book. A laila, na kanaka o ka Hui i hoʻomaka e paka i ko nā 'āina' RedʻIkepili Books.

Ua lawe pū like palapala hoʻokahi - kā lākou 'ole. A pau na flora a? Aaoa e puunaueia i loko o nā waeʻano o ka nalowale loa (i loko o ke alo o ia mea he hoailona 0) i ka poe populations i mea i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ke ola (mark 5). Ma waena o kēia mau aiee halawai i ka make māinoino o ka hoʻokohu 'ia nalowale (1), i ka helu o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana (2), pohihihi (3) a me ka indeterminate (4).

Total no ka mea a pau ulaula buke a me ko lakou manao - kēlā me kēia kope ua pu ma ke ao alohilohi i kiʻi, a me ka inoa o ke kaianoho koholā.

Ka Red Book o Vladimir māhele

He aha noho lanakila holoholona a me nā mea kanu i heluʻia i loko o ka Book Red o ka Vladimir māhele 'āina, kā lākou helu dala i 160 holoholona, i ka mea kanu a me 10 Fish.

It E e kaulana ia ma ka like ana me 2008 (ka mua paiia o ka Red Book) i ka manawa ua hoemiia ka helu ana o na holoholona pono i na manawa elua, mea kanu ma ka 48 huahelu, a me nā fungi ma 7.

Ka Red Book o Vladimir māhele 'āina, na holoholona a me nā mea kanu aʻo ke kumuhana o kēia' atikala i mua paʻi i ka 2008. Ua poe i laila, i ka papa inoa o ka laha 'ana e lawe mai (Kiaaina, kauoha aku) i loko o laila. A pau i kēia - i ka hopena o ka hana o nā kānakaʻepekema, a me ka kōkua o i ka papa i ua i hiki.

I ka makahiki 2010, i ka papa inoa o ka hooponopono hou, a hoemiia. Aha i ke kumu? Eia naʻe, wale i ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o kaianoho koholāʻAno. Hiki i keia manawa, i nā holoholona o ka Book Red o Vladimir māhele ma ka verge o ka ia'na - keia Lūkini muskrat, a me ka manu'ū,, a he nui na mea e ae. Eia nō ka loa pohihihi laha 'o flora a? Aaoa o kela a me keia o na papa.

nō honua

E like me ka'ōlelo ma luna, ua uhi ma ka ulu lāʻau, ka hapanui birch ulu a me ka tidara nahele a me spruce nahele i ka uuku oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka aina o ka ?? eoi?. Aia i kekahi hui. Ma kekahi wahi, he mea pohihihi keia e ku nei o ka opiopio Lime laau - ka mea, kua mercilessly i lalo i loko o ka hope kenekulia, a e e ho'āʻo ana e hoihoi mai. Ke oia o ka hihia a me nā lāʻauʻoka: ka mea, he pohihihi keia, e ka hapanui ma na kapa o ka Klyazma a me Oka muliwai.

I ka nui o ka ulu lāʻau, moderately nā hua a me ka mahana aniau o ka waena bana mea he manawa nui no ka ulu ana o hua a me Fish. Nō hoʻi, i ka wahi mea waiwai a me ka Tube mea kanu, he nui o ka i mea i makemake ai e like me ka miomio o, akā, pela hoomaluia 'ae' "miomio o", no kekahi laʻana, polushnik bristly, ka lede i ka slipper, Karelian birch, wai caltrop.

Polushnik bristly - kanu i loaʻa ma nā kapa o nā Reservoir, e ka makemake o nā one a me ka silty soils a pono one. Polushnik ke ulu i ka hohonu o ka 2 mika, pela ka mea, 'Oi ka makemake loa ke gula maikai ka wai. Nōkahea a me ka wai haumia ea hele aku ai a hiki i ka nalowaleʻana o ka mea kanu.

Lady ka Slipper - ka pua,ʻaʻole wale hitting i kona nani, akā, i pākōlea. Ua Ua pinepine hoʻohana me he kiaha dala. Kēia pua ka hoihoi 'a me ka mea rasteniem- "e hei ai lakou"ʻai lākou pollinators. Malama ole wale ma Rusia akā, i loko o kekahi mauʻEulopa'āina. He aha ka ke kumu? Me ka hana kanaka: ke kua a hina nahele e kanu malihini i ka wahi kanu, ka mea e hookomo ana pōʻino ia kiʻiona o ko lākou mau poʻe e noho ana, ka mea i ka lede o ka slipper.

Hoihoi i loko o ka moʻolelo o ka 'ohana ka palekana o ke lana rogulnika. A nei,ʻo ia i mālama i loko o ka Book Red o ka RSFSR, nae, i ke aloha a hiki i na kora noi, ua kipaku ia mai laila. Rogulnik ua wale nō i loko o nā 'āina'? Aneie kani. Me ka Book Red o ka Vladimir wahi: i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu i heluʻia i loko o ka mea, ua kokoke nalowale i loko o ka wahi. No ke aha la rogulnik? Kona hua kohu i ke poo o ka bipi. Ua ulu i loko me ka stagnant a lohi e kahe ana o ka wai. Mai ka makemake o nā silty soils.

Laau: Karelian birch

Karelian birch - he loa hanana kŰia flora. Kona laau i ka kūlohelohe kumu.

Mai ka wā kahiko ia i ua hoʻohana no ka hana ana i nā 'ano o ka hale' ikamu (Jewelry, hoʻoiho). Eia naʻe, i ka heluna o ka Karelian birch meaʻuʻuku, a, nolaila, lawe mai ma kona malama ana hana: ua paʻaʻia nā lāʻau i ua kuaʻia i lalo me ka ae ana o na Aupuni wale.

nā mea kolo

I ka nui o ka nahele a me ka wai kino i hoʻolako i ka palekana ka home i na mea he nui? Ueo o flora. Naʻe, i nā holoholona o ka Vladimir aina, helu ma ka Red Book, ua nui loa aku ka nui. Mawaena o lakou ma laila me nā mea kolo, a me na manu, a me nā mammals.

Like no nā mea kolo, ka mea, e olelo mai la mua o nā mea a pau ma ka honua'ūhini lele me Menetries, ka lā'ī a me ka poni - a pau o ia mea ma luna o ka verge o ka ia'naʻano nui aie i ka mea i noho ma ka nahele (ka lā'ī, he poni), ma ka pesticide aaioee, hoʻouku,ʻai holoholona, a ma ka lepo wai (Menetries), a mea paha i ka reclamation i ka nui mea.

E hiki no hoi e hoailona oukou bumblebees: maʻamau, yonellyus, ka limu, ka hua a me ka palolo. I nalo hopeʻeha-kamana. e hoemi i mau elele o Hymenoptera aie i ka mea hōʻemi o habitats: grasslands a me woodlands hoʻohana no kaʻai, hoʻokō 'Nine Inch, e loli ana e ke ahi, a kālai lāʻauʻana ululaau.

arthropoda

Pohihihi keia holoholona Vladimir māhele 'āina mai ka Red Book - ia mea no hoi arthropods. Shirokopaly a me uzkopaly pāpaʻi, punawelewele, silverfish, Szczytno luawai a me crustaceans - i lala kekahi o na? Ueo.

Ka maʻi 'aʻai, a uzkopaly shirokopaly, ua hoihoi' o ia ka mea e ole intersect papa koa, a me, ke kiʻekiʻe o kolo ana i ka lua o ka mua. Nui oko ao ma ka kaianoho koholā ole: ka mea, makemake pono i ke kumukūʻai me ka o oxygen ka wai, maemae. Ke kumu o ko lākou uuku nui, a, me ia i kaʻilihune, ka hoomalu mea haumia ea a me ka maloʻoʻana mai o ka wai kino, e like me kekahi maʻi - he cancerous ahulau.

Punawelewele,-apo mea kaiapuniʻo iki emi e hopohopo nei ma mua o crustaceans hooku iho la ia ma luna. He ka wale? Ueo o arachnids hakuloli i ke ola i loko o ka wai. Ua makemake o nā wai a me poorly e kahe ana a ku ka wai. Ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ko lākou nui, e like me haumia ea i alakai ai i ka mea i ka wai ua noho liʻiliʻi punawelewele.

Szczytno wai a me crustaceans mai ole oko mawaena o lakou iho. Mau holoholona e ola ka Book Red o ka Vladimir māhele ma ka lalo o ka loko, a me ka hohonu make i mai i kekahi mau kenimika (puddles, auwai). Ke kumu no ka ka ho'ēmiʻana - maloʻo ana i ka habitats, e māhuahua ka wai mahana.

iʻa

Animals a me nā mea kanu Red Book o Vladimir māhele 'āina, e noho ana ma loko,' aʻole e kaupalena i nā mea kolo, a arthropods - mawaena o lakou kekahi poe ia. Mawaena o ia mea mea waiwai i olelo ia starlet a me ka bullhead. Ka mua - ikepili koʻikoʻi loa i ka maemae o ka wai, i mea ke kumu a me ka hoʻopaʻa i loko o ka Red Book me ka miomio o? Ueony, no ka mea, i emi wale maemae wai Reservoir. Eia hou, i ka pernicious kūlana hoʻokani ma ka hanaia'na ma ke kumu o na Reservoir o na muliwai, kahi o ka wai ua i ua holoiʻia pono, ino kūhohonu loa me ka oxygen, i loko o kēia mau Reservoir ka pilikia mai o ka iʻa, e spawn.

Bullhead ua i loaʻa wale i ka aniani maopopo ka wai. Haʻalele sterlets ka mea, aole ia e neʻe i, a koe i loko o kona? Aieeeua. Kēia iʻa i ke 12 knm ka loa o kona makau i kona helehelena: nui poo, nui lakou e maona ai a me kona laula ulaula maka. Mea unahiʻole ma ka sculpin, akā, he mea wale nō i ka naheleʻoʻoi, a deter Moana. 'Ia nā pōpō kiʻi kohu i ka lalo: ka iʻa mea eleele-melemele, i kekahi manawa he omaomao iki tint.

manu

Ka Red Book o Vladimir māhele, holoholona e a ka Hawaii photo - ke kumuhana o keia Haawina, a me na o ka manu. Me ka Poeikohoia o kēia mea i loko o ka papa inoa o ka puu, haawi wale ka poe i i ke kūlana o ka "miomio o".

Little tern. Kēia manu kikiʻo ma luna o nā kapa o ka muliwai, o ic ?? a me Reservoir, kona nalowale mea ku pono i ka uuku o ka wahi no ka hiki aiacayueony, ma ka hou, he mau hihia, i ka wa o ka kaianoho koholā o terns inundated i nā waikahe.

White a me ka eleele setoreka. Mau aeaa ioeo mau e loli, kuhikuhi no ka poaching a me ka luku ana o lewa. He oiaio, ua nui maikai kikonia - migratory, ma ka cooler mahina ka mea, e hele aku a hoʻi i kā lākou mau lewa i loko o ka luawai. A laila, e kau mai i ko lakou mau hua a me ka ole. Maluhia ana i ke hoʻololi e kōkua aiacayueony ia, i uhi pū i ka poaching.

Mai manu o ka pio loa akahele hoomaluia e ka Red Book osprey, nahesaʻaeto, gulaʻaeto, keʻokeʻo-waʻa, aeto , a peregrine manu lele. ua hoemi ia ka helu o ka laha 'o nā manu o ka waiwai pio i ke kūlana o ka hoʻokau' o ka? aneii ioauoa a me ka make o ka lewa ma ka Moana (e like me nāʻalopeke) ma muli o ia mau aʻe, kuhikuhi Radio. Eia naʻe, he mea a me ka ololi o? Aneie haumia ea, no ka mea, o ka aeto, a nisu ai na manu liilii, a me na holoholona i ke ola i loko o ua hoʻohaumiaʻia wahi me Nine Inch.

Owl - kekahi manu o ka waiwai pio, i mea ma lalo o ka hoomalu ana. A kuu manawa e loaʻa ia a hiki i ka XX kenekulia i Uaʻaneʻane Aʻohe: pueo kokoke ia'na. Keia uaʻano nui ma muli o ke kanaka hana: Ua pana i nā manu, hou na mau mea o ko lākou kaianoho koholā (deforestation) a i mea ole, e hopu i ka ai. Aeto pueo nei i ka nui loa pueo i loko o ke ao nei. Kānaʻai hoʻi ka loa like, ka mea hiki e like me nā manu o ka waiwai pio a me ka mammals, a me amphibians. Mawaho ano hiʻona - he ano o ka "pepeiao" o na hulu ma ke poo.

mammals

Mahana-koko mammals o ka Book Ula o ka Vladimir māhele 'āina, me nā kiʻi, a me ka ho'ākāka' ana no i mea kama'āina i loko o kēia 'atikala e mau. Pakahi aku la ia worrying kaiapuniʻo bison, Eulńsia lynx, otter a muskrat Lūkini. E kela a me keia holoholona hou mai hoʻokolokolo ai.

Bison pili ia i parnopalym holoholona. Ma ka lihi o ka ia'na, ia ua manaoia o ka nui o nā mea a pau mammals maʻEulopa. Mau nunui holoholona e noho i loko o nā pūʻulu liʻiliʻi, a e ole ae'ē aʻe ungulates. Currently, e hoʻokō ana, e hoʻonui i ka bison heluna.

Lynx vulgaris - he 'elele o ka popoki ohana he nui, aole e oi aku i ka nui ilio me. Kēia Moana eiaao He loa Haliʻaaʻela ka helehelena, he hoʻohanohano i ke hiʻona o ka lynx - "palaki" ma o ka pepeiao. Animal für i ka maikai loa, no ka mea, o ka mea i ka manaʻo o ka poaching.

River otter Selety ma na kapa o ka puahiohio muliwai. Kēia E e holoholona uuku o ka weaselʻohana, no ka mea, i kēia mau wai mai i pa ahau i loko o ka hoʻoilo, a me ka otter ola a me ka i hanai i loko o ia mau mea. He He He kupanaha swimmer, e kokua ma ka elongated kino, webbed mau kapuwai manamana, a me ka manoanoa ahu iho la ka kaikea e, aole ia i pa ahau i ka wai huihui. Animals a me nā mea kanu Red Book o Vladimir māhele nō ma laila no ka hapanui loa aie i ka haumia ea o ka kanaka kaiapuni. Otter - mea i koe. Ka mea i ka mea hiki wale ke ola i loko o ka wai maemae, a me kēia mau Reservoir ua lilo uuku.

Russian Desman - hoʻokahi hou 'elele o mammals, i hoomaluia. Kēia holoholona i ka loa amusing palapala: he ihu lōʻihi, furry kino, a oia hoi ka ikaika unahi huelo-huila, hiki oe i kokeʻoihana kaʻa ma burrows i ka mea eli ma na kapakai o mālie muliwai a me Reservoir. Most uuku holoholona poaching Hoʻoweliweli 'o ia: i loko o ka XIX kenekulia ia i exterminated ma nunui mea. He pākuʻi kona na makana i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka heluna kanaka a me ka oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe o ke kanaka: ka nōkahea wai a ku? Ieoaeunoai o ko lākou mokuna.