Mea Maluna o kanaka iwi a me ka ami

Iwi o ka mea hardest ma hope o enamel waiwai makana i loko o ka kanaka kino, a oia hoi o ka kūikawāʻano o connective'aʻaʻa. Ma kona ano hiʻona i ke alo o ka puaʻa hiwa paʻa impregnated me ka mea pōhaku paʻakai, fibrous extracellular'ōpū mai, a stellate aeee i hoakakaia me ka lehulehu lālā. Mea Maluna a me ka 'ole o ka iwi ae mai, e maopopo ana i ke kūlana o ka musculoskeletal'ōnaehana i loko o ke kino nui.

Mea Maluna o ka iwi

Kēlā me kēia iwi - he kuokoa kino haku o nā wahi. Na mawaho hapa - o ka periosteum, a me ka Kalaiaina ua hana ia e kekahi kuikawa connective'aʻaʻa. Lākou mau makahiki ka hale a hiki i ka nui hematopoietic nā loko.

Mea Maluna o nā iwi i loko o ka palapala hoakaka no ka mea kēia mau pūʻulu.

• lōʻihi paha omo;
• pōkole, a ua i kapaia naele ia;
• i lalo paha ākea;
• kawili, i kekahi manawa,ʻikeʻia me'āno'ē;
• pneumatic.

I ka lōʻihi (omo) iwi o ka waenakonu hapa o ka elongated, paukūʻolokaʻa, a triangular shape. Keia hapa ua kapaia ka diaphysis. Aʻia naʻe welau - ia epiphysis. Me kēlā epiphysis articular ili uhi i articular cartilage, ke kumu o ka hoopaa ikaika.

O ka omo hoa o ka iwi lala ma i ka mea i kapaʻia ma luna o ka hana i ka hana o ka leverage. Hou Mea Maluna o kēia 'ano o ka iwi? Eaaaony no kā lākou mau mahele i loko o loa a me ka pōkole. Ke kahiko nā i ka'ūhā mua,'ūhā, forearm a me ka pale. A hiki i ka lua - metacarpal, metatarsal, phalanges.

Ma pōkole (a naele) iwi ua hoʻokino e like me ka kupa a ole polyhedron. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'o mau mea o ka iwi kahi kūpono pu ana o ka ikaika a me ka hoʻoneʻe i loko o na ami. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i na pulima oʻu, i ka i Tareso.

Komo i loko o ke kahua o ke kino a me ka cavities aiiay oihana i ke kuleana o ka mea i lalo (ākea) iwi, a loaʻa ka sternum, o kona iwiʻaoʻao, pelvis a me ka iwi poʻo chap. Mau surfaces i i pili nāʻiʻo a, i loko o ia mau mea, e like me ia ma ka hihia o ka Tube, o ka iwi lolo.

Pōkole iwi i loko o ka kanaka na pulima oʻu me ka palaki e leie aku e hana i kekahiʻano o manipulations. A ma ka manamana hoonui i ke kumupaʻa ia kekahi kanaka i loko o ke kū kūlana.

Mea Maluna o ka iwi, a ua hoakaka no ka loa huikau 'ole o nā iwi hui? Ueo. Ka mea, e like me ka palapala a me ka hana (piʻo a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka vertebral kino).

Ma airspaces i loko o ke kino, i ka lua hoalaala ia me mucousʻili lahilahi, a piha me ka lewa. Part o ka puniu wale no a hiki i keia? Ueo. No ka laʻana, ka mea frontal, ethmoid, maxillary sphenoid.

Mea Maluna o ka iwi ami

All iwi hoʻonoho 'ano apau loa i ka OE hapa o ka musculoskeletal'ōnaehana, functioning me ka'ōnaehana, pili no ka mea, o ke alo o kekahi huiʻAno ka hoʻolako' kekahi mau degere o ka hoʻoneʻe.

pili o ka iwi i ke ana a me ka discontinuous. Kekahi paka i waena 'ano o ka pili ana, i ua kapaia ka symphysis.

fibrotic hui

Mea Maluna o kanaka iwi mea nui ma ka lapaau, e pale poino i ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu. I ka Ia manawa, nui a me ke ano o ka'aʻaʻa e e palapala hoopaa. Kēia hiʻona i ka mea hiki keʻike ma waena o ka hui o ana fibrous, cartilaginous a me ka pokou hui (synchondrosises). Ma fibrotic kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika a me ka haahaa ka hoʻoneʻe. I loko o keia pae o ka hui kaʻawale syndesmoses, a me kuʻihao o na nakaka. E lawe syndesmosis ligament a me ka interosseousʻili lahilahi.

Kind o fibrotic hui

Ligaments e mānoanoa ma luna o ka 'ole o nā kaola a me na papa, i hanaʻia ma ka anuanu fibrous connective'aʻaʻa, a me ka nui o ka nui collagen olona. Pua ana i nā pilina ma waena o nā iwi, a me ka ami kilo,? Aie? Aiiie i ko lakou ana. Hiki ke hoole aku i ke kaumaha wahie.

Me ka interosseous membranes e pili ana i ka diaphysis o nā iwi loa, a me ka mea, he wahi o ka IeIIeYOA o nāʻiʻo. Interosseousʻili lahilahi i puka ma i paʻa i ka ipu koko a me nā aʻalolo.

Kekahi ano o ka fibrous i huiʻia - ua nakaka iwi poʻo mahele ana i kulike ai me ka hoʻonohonohoʻia o nā kihi pili i ka naele ia, scaly a me ka palahalaha. Kela ano keia ano o ka ami i interlayer ahu iho la ka connective'aʻaʻa.

Kuʻihao o no hoi he kūikawāʻano o fibrous hui ua malama i mau mea o ka niho, a me ka hui iwi kahua niho alveoli. Niho a me ka iwi pā mea,ʻaʻole i loko o ka leo. Ka mea, i kaawale ma ka lahilahi papa iloko olaila o connective'aʻaʻa. Ua Ua kapaia periodontitis.

Synchondrosises a me synostosis

Mea Maluna iwi? Eaaaony no ka hui synchondrosises ma i ka ponaʻana ua lawe mai Via cartilage. O ka papa kuhikuhi ano e synchondrosises elasticity, ikaika.

A hiki i ka, ahu iho o cartilage ma waena o nā iwi UAIAaIN ma ka iwi'aʻaʻa, e hele aku ai i synostosis. Ka hoʻoneʻe i loko o keia hihia e hele ai i ka 'Aʻohe, a me ka ikaika loina hooulu.

ami

Ka loa hoʻoneʻe type i huiʻia nā ami. Ano hiʻona o kēia mau paa i discontinuous ma ke alo o kūikawā eiiiiiaiou: ka ami surfaces, articular lua, synovial loli a me ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku.

Articular hyaline cartilage uhi i kaʻili, a me ka lua o ka slit-me ka lewa ma waena o ka articular surfaces o na iwi, articular mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku, a hoʻopuni ihola lākou i loaʻa i ka nui nui o synovial loli.

iwi fractures

Fracture o ka piha a hapa 'aʻe' ana i ka pono o ka iwi, i originated mai mawaho trauma paha i loko o ka papa o ka'aʻaʻa loli ana i kena ae la i ka maʻi.

hiki e pili i ka inoa piha o ka fracture, e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka helu o nā kailaʻae mea e mai i ka mua o nā mea a pau ano keia ano o ka poho, a ua IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE i loko o ka iwi i uhaiia. Eia hou, i ka fracture inoa kikowaena i ke ano o kona kumu (traumatic ole pathological).

Mea Maluna o fractures kuhikuhi ua hoakaka no kā lākou mau mahele i loko o congenital a me ka loaa. Ke alo aku o nā fractures aie i congenital kāna hana iloko o fetal ulu, a mea he pohihihi keia. I waena o lākou nō ka loa paha hiki ke kapaia ka poe e ae aku i ka puniu wale no, o kona iwiʻaoʻao, collarbone, poohiwi a me ka puhaka. Fractures kena ae la ma ka hanau trauma, intrauterine ulu e i ole pilina, nolaila, ua loaa külana.

Lilo fractures hiki e traumatic a me ka pathological. Ka mua nō i ka hopena o ka mechanical e hana, a e aia kekahi ma ka wahi o ka hopena (kauoha) a mawaho o keia ciia (ʻauhau'ēʻaʻe). Kekahi pūʻulu nā mea fractures mea i hanaʻia ma muli o ka iwiʻeho lesions 'ole' ē aʻe hoʻoʻino a degenerative keʻano o ka hanaʻana.

Open a me ka paʻa fractures

Open fractures i wehewehe aku e lesions o ka ili a me ka mucous membranes i loko o ka wahi o ka traumatic hopena i alakai aku ai i ka 'aʻe o ko lākou mau ano hoopono. Inā 'oe i kaʻeha a me ka'aʻaʻa he paki, e hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai, a mahope? Acaeoey o kia-traumatic osteomyelitis.

I ka paʻa fracture o ka pono o ka ili mea i haki.

Mea Maluna o ka iwi, a me ko lakou mau ami a me fractures ke wehewehe nui loa ana i ke kūlana iwi i loko o ka functioning o ka meaola i ka pau, a pale aku poho i ka musculoskeletal nenoaiu.