MiG-31BM: nā'ike'ike. MiG-31: ka maika'i loa ma nā'ano a pau

'O kēia ka MiG-31BM i kēia lā kekahi o nā mea'oko'a ma waena o ka honua. I ka ho'onohonoho'ana o ka honua, ua kapa'ia ka mokulele ki'eki'e'o Foxhound,'o ia ho'i'o "fox hound". Hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo me ka wiwo'ole,'o ka MiG-31 ka mea maika'i loa ma nā'ano a pau. Ua hana'ia e'ike a luku i ka'enemi ma nā ki'eki'e ma lalo o nā kūlana.

Ka mō'aukala o ka helehelena

Ua'ae'ia ka papahana "MiG-31BM" wale nō i ka ho'omaka'ana o nā makahiki 1970. Prior i ua, mau makahiki okumu i pepehi ALOHA HAWAII MiG-31 ma kaʻoi koa nā kānakaʻenehana o ka Soviet Union ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o A. Chumachenko. Mai ka makahiki 1975, ua alaka'i'ia kēia papahana e K. Vasilchenko. Ma luna o kona mau po'ohiwi,'a'ole i ka ho'olālā wale'ana o ka mana'o o kahi mokulele'oihana, akā,'o ia ho'i i kāna hō'oia'ana.

I ka ho'omaka, hiki i ka MiG-31BM ke kiki i nā pahu ma ka mālamalama o ka lā. Ua ho'onui'ia nā mea ho'okele. I ka makahiki o ka makahiki 1976, ua ho'oholo'ia e ho'okomo i nā polokalamu kelepona hou i loko o ka pūnaewele polokalamu o ka moku. Mahalo i kēia, ua ho'onui'ia ka mana kaua o ka mea kaua. No laila, ma luna o ka moku he'ōhū me ka anana i lele.

Ua kūkulu'ia ka mokulele e like me ke'ano "tandem",'o ia ho'i, he mea wale nō nā kānaka e noho ai i'elua mau kānaka. Ua ho'onohonoho'ia ka pilot i nā hana o ka piloter, a ma ka mea ho'okele - ka hana'ana o ka'ikepili hana. 'O nā ho'okolohua mua loa o ka mokulele i loa'a i ka hopena o ka makahiki 1978, a ho'okahi makahiki a me ka hapa ma hope iho ua ho'opau ke kānāwai aupuni USSR i kēia papahana.

Nā hi'ohi'ona'oko'a o ka pū'ulu

Aia ka MiG-31BM he mau hi'ohi'ona nui nui loa mai ka MiG-31 i ho'omaka. 'O ka mea mua, he pili kēia i ka pāpāhāla airborne. Mahalo i kēia mea hana, hiki i nā'auikini ke'ike i 24 mau pahuhopu i kahi mea o kekona. Eia hou, hiki i ka hapakolu o ia mau mea ke ho'ouka'ia i ka manawa.

Eia kekahi, ua'ike'ia nā'ano loea o ka'enekele palekana anti-radar mai Mig-31BM. 'O ia me nā ho'okomo pahimu like X-25MPU, X-29T, X-31P a me nā mea'ē a'e. Eia kekahi,'o nā hi'ohi'ona'ano o ka pūnaewele hiki ke komo i kahi pūnaewele alaka'i laser. No ka ho'omaha'ana o nā po'e, ua ho'olālā'ia kahi ho'onohonoho kūikawā o nā cabs. Ano, i ka ke kahu moku, mea hiki ke loaa 'eleu' ike e pili ana i ka tactical aʻo. Ma mua,'a'ole hiki i ke kāpena ke'ike i ka mea a kona ho'okele e hana nei. No ka nānā'ana i ke kūlana, ua ho'olako'ia ka hale noho o ka pilot me kahi hō'ike ala-maha me kahi diagonal 10 inches. Ua hiki i ka ho'okele ke hō'ike i nā'ike radar ma ka pakuhi.

Ka hana o kahi mea kaua

Ua ho'okumu'ia ka 31MB glider i ke kumu o ka MiG-25. I ka ho'olālā'ana, ua uku'ia ka nānā'ana i ka hull, a hiki iā ia ke kū'ē i ka ukiuki e 25%'oi a'e ma mua o nā mana'ē a'e. Aia ka pū i 50% o ke kila, 33% o ke kinikini a me ka 13% o ke kineta. Ho'opili'ia ke kaomi pōhaku i loko o ka pahu.

'O nā'ano o nā'ōnaehana'auhau'o MiG-31BM o nā engines e like me nā'ōkuhi mai ka Tu-134. E pili ana i ke engine D-30F6, i ho'oulu hou'ia i ka makahiki 1979. 'O kēia nā pūnaewele kūikawā ikaika me ka nobut and afterburner. Ke ho omaka i kahi mea kaua, ho'ohana'ia ke'ano "ahi fire". Ho'opau koke'ia ka ho'onani'ana e kahi mea lawe pū. 'O nā ka'a kaua pono'ī, he keleawe, he hao, he nickel.

Nā'ike Radar

'O MiG-31BM he mea multifunctional o ka hanauna hou. 'O kona pōmaika'i nui ma mua o ka'enemi,'o ia ka radar ākea, i'elua mau hanana i ho'ololi'ia. Ua kapa'ia ka mua'o "Maka". Ua lawe'ia ia i ka makahiki 1981. Hiki i ke kikowaena ke'ike i kahi'ōnaehana pa'amau me kahi kuhi hiki'ole o 0.5% ma kahi mamao o ka 200 km. 'O ke ana o ka'ike i ka lewa he 35 km. "Nānā" e hiki ai iā'oe ke hō'emi pū i 8 mau pūnaewele. Hiki i ka mea lanakila ke pa i nā pahu ma ka "kūkea make".

Ua ho'okomo hou'ia ka pāku'i "Zaslon-M" i ka makahiki 2008. Hiki ke'ike i nā pahu lele lele a hiki i 320 km a lanakila i 290 km. I kēia manawa,'a'ohe'ano'ano o kēlā me kēia mea kaua ma ka honua nei. Eia hou, i ka "Zaslon-M" i hana'ia he 8TP kikowaena hou, hiki iā ia ke ho'oholo i nā pahuhopu ola e hiki i ka 56km,'oiai ma ke'ano o ka pi'i'ana o ka pi'i'ana.

'O ka pūnaewele kahi pūnaewele mālama honua no ka MiG-31.

Hō'ike: nā'ano loiloi a me nā'oihana

'O ka lō'ihi o ka pūnaewele 31BM he 21.6 m me kahi'ēheu he 13.5 m.'O ka nui o ka ka'a nui he 21.8 kekona. 'O ka nui o ke kaumaha me ka piha piha'ana he 47 mau kaona. 'O ka pahu o ka pahu ma hope afterburner he 31,000 kgf. 'O 5G ka paepae kaumaha'oi loa. 'A'ole me ke kumu'ole ka mea'oi loa "hardy" ma ka honua nei'o ia wale nō ka MiG-31BM.

Hiki i nā'ano'ike loea o ka mea papa hana ma luna o ka papahana ke'ae i ka mea'aeke ka mea e hiki ai i ka pale wikiwiki o 3000 km / h. I ka manawa like, he 2500 km / h. Ma waho o ka ho'oulu'ana, hiki i ka mea'oi aku ke lele i kahi mamao o 3000 km. 'O ke ki'eki'e o ke ki'eki'e he 20.5 km. 'O ka lō'ihi o ka holo'ana me ka ho'oulu'ana he 3.3 mau hola.

'O Armament Characteristics

Ua ho'okumu'ia ka MiG-31BM me ka puhu 23mm o nā pūnaewele GSh-6-23M, a'o R-33, R-40T, R-60, a me R-60M mau pūnaewele alaka'i. Pono'oe e'ike i ke'ano o ka ho'okomo'ana o GSh-6-23M. He 80 mau pūpū i kēlā me kēia minuke.

Aia nā polokalamu makamae ma 6 mau pendants. 'Elua mau helu hou no ka PTB. Ho'opa'a pa'a'ia nā pale pa'a ma ke kino a me nā'ēheu. Percussion mea hoʻonoho nā ma 4 rockets o lesion nui a me ka meakino-huahelu. I loko o nā'ano ho'ohālikelike, aia kekahi pūnaewele o UR R-77 me 4 pahuhopu. 'O ka mea kaua o ka mea kaua e hiki ai i nā luina ke pa'i i nā pahu me ke ki'eki'e ki'eki'e ma ka honua a ma ka lewa. Ho'opuka'ia ka pōpilikia ma o ka ho'okele keaka. 'O ka paepae'oi loa o ka ho'okūkū ho'ouka kaua he 9 mau.

Nā ho'ololi ho'ololi i loko

Mai ka ho'okō'ana i ka papahana MiG-31, ua'ike'ia he nui o nā'ano'oko'a o nā mokulele. 'O ka mea i kaulana loa o kēia ka MiG-31BM. Hiki i kēia ka'ina pūnaewele'oihana'oihana ka mea hiki'ole ke hō'eha wale i nā pahuhopu ma kahi lō'ihi, akā no ka mahalo ho'i i ka ho'ohui'ia o nā radar hou. 'O ka māmā o ka version'o ia ka MiG-31B.

Ho'okumu'ia nā hua'ōlelo "D" a me "I" i ka ho'oholo'ana i nā polokalamu kekona li'ili'i. 'O MiG-31LL he hale hana ea. 'O ka 31M mea lanakila ua ho'onui i ka mea kaua a ua ho'ohana pinepine'ia'o ia e pana. 'O nā'ano "FE" a me "E" nā mea kū'ai aku.

Ka ho'ohana'ana i kahi mea kaua

Ua ho'olālā'ia ka vango MiG-31 no ka ho'ololi'ana i nā'ano i hala'ole o Tu-128 a me Su-15. Ma ka haule ana o ka makahiki 1984 ikaika hiki aku i ka wahi o Soviet Air Max ma ka mokupuni o Sakhalin. Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki ma ke kaulike o Rusia, aia'ekolu paha mau mea'oko'a. 'O kēia mau ea lele e ho'oponopono ai i ka ea i ka manawa'elua o ke kaua'o Chechen. I ka makahiki 2014, ua ho'oholo ke aupuni o ka'āina e ho'onui i nā MiG-31 a pau ma nā papa. Ke mana'o'ia nei i ka piha'ana o nā makahiki he 5-6 a pau e ho'onui'ia ai ke'ano o nā'ōnaehana ma'amau i ka MiG-31BM.

I kēia lā, ho'ohana'ia nā mea kaua i ka'imi.

Nā kumuhana a me nā ho'oku'u

'O ka'ōlelo MiG-31BM'oia'i'o, he'ano maoli, i'ike'ia ka mana'o. 'O ia ke kumu e koi nui ai kēia mau hakakā i nā'āina'ē a'e. Eia na'e,'o ka hapa nui o nā mea i loa'a i ka lewa ea o Rusia.

I kēia manawa, ua ho'okumu'ia ke model 31BM ma nā'elele'elele'eono. Aia ka hapanui o lākou ma Yelizovo - e pili ana i 30 mau'āpana. Eia nā kumuhana Khotilovo (24 mau pcs.) A me ka Central Central (14 mau pū.).

'O Kazakhstan ke alaka'i'āina-no ka mea kū'ai i ka lawe'ana i ka MiG-31. Ma ka papa'aemoku'o Karaganda e like me kahi o ka base 610 he 33 mau hakakā.