Nā kumu o ka bronchitis. Kind o Bronchitis, Symptoms a me ka hana maikaʻi i loko o nā mākua

E like me ke keiki, ua pinepine na makua e olelo aku, mai inu anu - anu, mai hele ano papale - e loaʻa ka li nui o na ia maʻiʻaʻai, i pulu kapuai - loa puu. Akā, ua i i hoolohe ole ai i ka maʻi. Owai mai ka paakiki, a no ka pono o ka noiʻi hoihoi i hoao i ka ikaika o kou kino. No laila, ma hope o nā mea a pau o ia hana bronchitis, a aha ka ia?

huʻi bronchitis

Bronchitis - he hoʻoʻino mai o ka lalo naehana'āpana, a me symptoms i nā loa, he pono ole no ka poʻe a puni ka honua, e hele i ka haukapila. Nā kumu o ka bronchitis hiki e e lauwili: koʻohune, nā mea hoʻomaʻi a protozoa.

I ka Ia manawa i ka pio ana o ke akemāmā'aʻaʻa aʻole i hoʻomaka ai, a ua IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUE wale nō ka li nui i loko o ka bronchial laau.

Hoomaopopo i ke kēia mau ʻano o ka bronchitis :

- huʻi ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka buke o bronchial secretions, a ikeia cough reflex;
- maʻi, i ka wa a ka loli ma ka mucousʻili lahilahi ia lŘlŘ ma ke kelepona hele pae, a hiki aku i ka hypersecretion a me kaʻole hoʻokomo ea.

etiology

I haiia ae maluna,, na kumu bronchitis hiki e loaʻokoʻa. Mea koʻohune pae o ka loa pinepine pathogens i streptococci, mycoplasma, chlamydia, anaerobic flora. A mea hoʻomaʻi etiology ua hōʻike maʻi palū, parainfluenza a me ka rhinovirus.

A iki emi, he pono ole bronchitis kauoha ae la ia e kekahi Nine Inch aʻawahia ia ma luna o ke kino. Akā, ma kēia hihia o ka inevitable pilina o ka haumāna maʻiʻaʻai. E like me ka Mea Maluna International o Nā Maʻi umi o ka hou, kaʻawale huʻi bronchitis ka hoʻokumu pathogens a me proximate huʻi bronchitis.

No ka mea lōʻihi like 'ole o ka maʻi e hanohano:
- huʻi (i i ekolu pule);
- hooloihi ae i lōʻihi like 'ole (ma luna o ka mahina).

Huʻi bronchitis hiki kahe nā mai bronchial spasm, a me ka ia. IIeEeAIEUAA hiki differentiate tracheobronchitis, hoʻoʻino loli ka wā i kia ma ka luna o ka bronchial laau, a me ka bronchiolitis (pathological kaʻina e loli ai ka bronchioles liilii, a me ka alveoli). Ma ke ano o ka purulent exudate e pono ai, necrotizing bronchitis a me ka catarrh.

pathophysiology

Pehea hiki hoʻomōhala bronchitis? Symptoms a me ka lapaʻau 'ana i loko o nā mākua hilinaʻi ma kaʻano papa hana o ka maʻi, e like me Inc pahuna manaʻoi ma nā loulou o ka pathological kaʻina.

Etiological aʻe somehow hanaʻino i ka bronchial mucosa keena, a i ko laua make ana. Mau "puka" ana ma ka hoomalu hana i na rula no ka anal o ka pathogen. Inā ka iniiaiie epithelium panalāʻau mea hoʻomaʻi, laila, ma hope o elua a ekolu lā, e hui ia, a me kekahi ano o ka koʻohune, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO Streptococcus pneumoniae.

O hoʻoʻino'aʻaʻa reactions (hoʻokano, redness, a mahuahua nui kūloko ka mahana a me ka dysfunction) ma o na la hoʻohuikau o ke koko i loko o ka capillary kahi moe, mīkini'opihia o nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū a me ke koko clots.

Inā ka maikaʻiʻano o ke kaʻina hana a me ka iapaau ana paha ma ka manawa, ma hope o ka nalowale ana o li nui o ka mucousʻili lahilahi i loko o ka hoihoi hou ia i loko o kekahi mau mahina. Akā, he uuku pakeneka o nā mea maʻi hana ole. A laila, i ka maʻi i maʻi. Inā i nā hoʻololi loli wale ka mucosa, ia mea,ʻaʻole nui hopena ma luna o ke kanaka o ka ola. Akā, i ka make ana o nā papa o ka bronchus hiki i kahe ana ke koko i loko o ka akemāmā'aʻaʻa, a me ke koko i hookohu aku i ka sputum.

? aaieou

Nā kumu o ka obstructive bronchitis, e like me koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi mea i ke ano lapaʻau hoikeana. Ke prodromal ke kahua me ua hoailono aku la mahuahua ma ke kino, ke ana wela i ka febrile huahelu, nawaliwali, drowsiness, lilo o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, headaches, sweating, naau palpitations.

Nā mea maʻi e wehewehe i ko lakou mau ka waiʻona ma ke like soreness a scratchy puu a me ka umauma, a i listen ma inhalation o anuanu ea. Eia hou, ka mea e hopohopo ana i ka maloo hacking cough mea hua ole lawe mai i ke ola. Ma hopeʻelua aʻekolu lā, nā mea maʻi i ka mānoanoa mucus mai mucus paha pus. Ke cough hiki e ukali ia eʻeha i ka haʻahaʻa o ka pahu. Keia mea aie a hiki i ke kēia o ka pectoral nāʻiʻo.

Iloko o ka mau anamanaʻo unuhi ae la oia i ka noonoo ana o ka excessive ona mau o ka ili, redness ma kona kāʻei kua cyanosis o na lehelehe. Nāʻiʻo a me kela a me keia hanu i unuhi i loko o intercostal hakahaka, ke kākoʻo hanu nāʻiʻo i hoʻohana.

Ma awelika uncomplicated bronchitis mau no ma kahi o elua pule a me ka welau a me ka piha ke ola.

lapaʻau '

Ke kumu no bronchitis hiki wawe ka hōʻike inā naʻauao hoʻohana PalekanaEND_LINK hana. Ma hope o ka pilikia makapō nana mea pono e hoʻomaka noiʻi Helu ki ina hana like e like me palpation, percussion a me ka auscultation. Manawa ua a me ka percussion ma keia hihia, aole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mea hana, akā, eia ka stethoscope ke lohe i ka ikaika hanu, pu e hoʻopuehuʻia maʻi o. Ka wā he mea phlegm, maʻi o lilo pulu krupnopuzyrchatymi.

Ma mau, e hoomahuahua i Ka Ikepili o ke koko leukocyte helu, a me ka mea ulu malama erythrocyte sedimentation kōmi (ESR). Ma ka Ikepili o ka mimi, e like me ka rula, aole hoi he loli, akā, ma ka wahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kuni i i kumuʻiʻo. Biochemical Ka Ikepili o ke koko e leie aku e ike i ke ano o ka C-kū'ē kumuʻiʻo, a māhuahua ma ka Alpha-mahele nā polokina. I sputum i fibrin, leukocytes, desquamated epithelium o bronchi a me kaʻulaʻula koko keena. Eia hou, ke keʻena hoʻokolohua hana iʻohi Contents o na bronchi ma ke alo o ka koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi.

Ma ka radiograph e ole e kekahi loli, koe wale no mea wale māhuahua pulmonary kumu. E hali ana i spirogram e Loiloi i ke alo a me ka degere o ka iaʻi.

lapaʻau

Nā kumu o ka bronchitis, a i ke koho o ka iapaau ana kou akamai i loko o kēlā me kēia hihia. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka oolea o ka pathological kaʻina, huʻi bronchitis hiki ke hana me ka outpatient a me ka inpatient hora ua hoʻonānā e lapaau.

Inc E nā antiviral paha antibacterial ke keʻena, e like me ai 'i ka hōʻoi' i ka bronchi. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea pono e hoʻopau i nā kumumea mea e hoʻonui ai i ka Holomua o ka maʻiʻaʻai. I ka papa o ka lapaʻau ua koi 'ia e hele ana oukou ma, irrespective no ina ole a me ka maʻi symptoms hoomau anei.

Currently, kauka i 'Imi nā physiotherapy lapaʻau, lomilomi, hale haʻuki. Kēia kōkua i maikaʻi ke piʻoloke o bronchial secretions, a no hoi e leie aku oe e hoʻololi i ke ala o ka hooponopono i loko o ke kino.

maʻi bronchitis

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka bronchitis - ka poino i ka mucosal epithelium o ka lalo naehana'āpana. E hookaulana aku e pili ana i maʻi bronchitis hiki e eha pule mai ka hoouka kaua ana o ka maʻi, oiai ka malama ana i ka lapaʻau a me ka pathological loli ma ka ia maʻiʻaʻai.

Keia ano ua wehewehe aku ma ka eiei? Lesion bronchial pa, a ua pili i hooloihi ae i hoʻoʻino kaʻina e alakai i ka'aʻaʻa sclerosis. Secretory bronchi lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe undergoes kekahi mau loli, a like ia me ka māhuahua? Iecaianoaaiiie o mucus.

Mea Maluna

Aia i kekahi mau lapaʻau Mea Maluna o ka maʻi bronchitis. Aia nō ka mea, penei lapaʻauʻano o ka maʻi.
- Easy (ole catarrhal);
- purulent obstructive;
- he mea ano ma ka 'aʻe ana i ka hoʻokomo ea;
- purulent obstructive;
- kūikawā, no kekahi laʻana, fibrous paha hemorrhagic.

Ma ka nui o ka make bronchitis kaʻana like 'ana o ka nui a me ka uuku Air. Lawe i ka mooolelo o ka alo ana o asthmatic symptom a me kona oolea. Ma ke ano o ka pele, e like me nā hoʻoʻino maʻi, ua latent bronchitis me occasional exacerbations, a me ka mea mau recurrent.

Complications ma hope e loaa ana i ka maʻi bronchitis - nei:
- emphysema;
- puʻu i ke koko;
- ho okumu o naehana hanu ole;
- maʻi pulmonary naau.

kumu

Maʻi, ana ma mua ma ka huʻi bronchitis. Nā kumu o kēia kaʻina mea e kālele ana i loko o ke kino, a ma waho o ia. Ka mua ka mea, e lawe i loko, no ka mākaukau o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. Inā ka mea, Ua oi aku ka ikaika paha ua nawaliwali, ka mea hiki i hooloihi ae i li nui a me ka'aʻaʻa poho. Eia hou kekahi, hoemiia e hoʻonele e,ʻo hou panalāʻau o koʻohune a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi, no laila, i ka maʻi, e hana hou a me ka hou.

Eia hou kekahi, lōʻihi-makahiki, ma o ka makahiki, ae hookaawale ana i ka bronchial paipu mea, ua maloʻo a me ke anu ea, paka, lepo, kalapona monoxide a me nā Nine Inch pilikia i loko o kekahi mau hana e he kūlana maikaʻiʻole i ka papa o ka mea maʻi.

Aia ka hōʻike i kekahi aaiaoe maʻi hiki no hoi he hoʻonui i ka maʻi li nui i loko o ka ia maʻiʻaʻai.

pathogenesis

Nā kumu o ka bronchitis e pono e pili ana i ke kahuaʻano papa hana o ka maʻi. Kuhikuhi hoemiia ke kina ole bronchopulmonary ka hoomaluia mai, o: ka ciliated epithelium o ka villi ka meheu o, hoemi i ka nui o ka surfactant, lysozyme, interferon a me ka immunoglobulin A, likeʻole pūʻulu o T keena, a alveolar macrophages.

Ka lua, i loko o nā bronchi e hoʻomōhala ana i pathogenic triad:
- hyperfunction bronchial mucous glands (giperkriniya);
- mea ulu i loko o ka (viscosity) o ka sputum (dyscrinia);
- stagnation o secretions i loko o ka bronchi (mukostaz).

A me ke kolu, i ka ulu ana o sensitization i ka causative agena, a me keʻa-naoh me ke kino i ka iho keena. Mau ekolu helu ae i ka mālama 'ana o ka li nui no ka oi ma mua o eha pule.

symptoms

I ka maʻi ua hoikeia ikaika cough me ka sputum i hoʻokahi haneri a me kanalima ka pono o ka lā, i hookuu i ke kakahiaka. Ma minute o ka huʻi hoʻoʻino reactions hiki e pii o ke ana wela, sweating, nawaliwali.

Me ka Holomua o naehana hanu a me ka cardiac insufficiency e hoʻomōhala ana i hanaʻia naʻe phalanges ( "drumsticks"), a me ka hanaʻia naʻe o ke kui papa ( "hora aniani"). Pain bronchitis hiki wale ina ka hoʻoʻino kaʻina hana 'ole i ka pleura paha i hoʻolōʻihiʻia me ka puʻuʻoi aku i hoka ai ke kākoʻo musculature.

Keʻena ho'āʻo ma

I kaʻike, "bronchitis" ua kau ma luna o ke kumu o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, a vocal haʻawina. I mau, Ka Ikepili o ke koko ua malama mahuahua leukocyte naeaeaa leukocyte koe, mahuahua erythrocyte sedimentation kōmi. Biochemically hoonuiia i ka helu ana o sialic nāʻakika i loko o ke koko, seromucoid, alpha- a me ka gamma-globulin, he mea C-kū'ē kumuʻiʻo. Mucous sputum a purulent, e ke onionio i ke koko. Ua kekahi mau ili keena, ulaula koko keena a me neutrophils.

No ka morphological hōʻoiaʻiʻo nō o kaʻike, lawe mai bronchoscopy. Ma radiographs nana aku la au, a mahuahua nui pulmonary kumu a me kona hei deformation, a me na hoailona o pulmonary emphysema. Spirography kōkua orient i ke kauka e pili ana i ke alo a kaawale ana o na hoailona o bronchial iaʻi.

lapaʻau

He aha e lawe ma hope o kaʻike, o ka "maʻi bronchitis"? Symptoms a me ka hana maikaʻi i loko o nā mākua i ole mea okoa mai ia i loko o ka huʻi palapala. I hookuu, ke kauka prescribes kekahi lāʻau 'ana i loko o na manaolana, e ho ololi i ka causative Agena o ka hoʻoʻino pane. Inā i ke aloha, a laila ka mea i pono, e stabilize i ka hoʻomanawanui ka kulana. No keia mea, ke kēia pūʻulu o nā huahana.
- antibiotics;
- expectorants;
- bronchodilators;
- antihistamines;
- inhalations a me physiotherapy.