'O ke kaapuni o ka mea ho'okani kukui. Ho'olālā ho'ohui ho'okama'i

Ma loko o kēia pepa, e nānā nui mākou i ke ka'ina ka'apuni o kahi mea ho'okūkū e ho'ohana ai i nā kaula li'ili'i. 'Oiai, ua'ano'ele'ele kēia'ano i ka wā ma mua, akā, hiki i kēia lā, hiki iā ia ke hālāwai me nā mea aloha "retro". 'O kekahi ke makemake i kahi kani kani i ke kamepiula, akā ua'ike kekahi i ka hā'awi'ana i ka lua o ka noho'ana i ka'enehana i lilo i mea hiki ole ke ho'opili'ia, e ho'iho'i i ka lihi iki. He nui nā'elele lele uila e hana nei i nā kukui kukui ea e kūkulu i kekahi mau kaapuni pōpilikia. 'O kahi la'ana, hiki ke ma'alahi ka UHF ma luna o nā kukui mana, no ka mea ma nā transistors lākou pa'akikī.

Ka pakuhi pahu o ka amplifier

'O ka diagram penei:

1. Ke kumu o ka hō'ailona (kelepona, kelepona, ka puka pūnaewele, a me nā mea'ē a'e).
2. 'O ka mana o ka mana (volumeiom) (potentiometer) (resistor variable).
3. He pākuhi mua i kūkulu'ia ma luna o ke kukui (e like me ka'ekolu o ka manawa) ai'ole ka transistor.
4. Ho'opili'ia ka loop loop loop i ka mahele o ka lāpuni o ke kukui pre-amplifier.
5. 'O ka amplifier hope. Hana'ia i ka pentode, e like me ka 6P14S.
6. A'ālike ka manao, hiki i ka auoiaea o ka pahu hoʻonui leo a me ka pae horn nenoaiu. 'O ke'ano,'o kēia hana he mea ho'ololi i kahi'ano lalo (220/12 Volts).
7. 'O kahi pūnaewele ka mea i hana'ia ai'elua mau voltages: he mau ho'omau o 250-300 V a me kahi pa'i 6.3 V (12.6 V inā pono).

E like me ka aeie kiʻikuhi, kūkulu ma ka rula. Pono pono e no'ono'o pono i kēlā me kēia puka o ka pūnaewele, no laila,'a'ole ka pilikia o ka hana'ana o ka amplifier.

Kaha ka mea ho'okūkui Power

E like me ka mea i'ōlelo'ia ma luna nei, pono ka mana e lawe i nā lua pele like'ole ma ka waiwai. No ka hana'ana i kēia, ho'ohana i ka ho'olālā hana hou. Pono'ekolu kōkena - ka'enehana, ke kula ki'eki'e a me ke kulanui. 'O ka lua hope loa i loa'a he volta e like me 250-300 V a me 6.3 V. 6.3 V ka hawewe e lako ai o na filaments o ka radiolamp. A inā'a'ole, e like me ke'ano,'a'ole pono ka hana, no ka la'ana, i ka holoi'ia a me ka ho'oponopono'ana, a laila, pono e ho'ololi i ke'ano 250 mau volts. Pono kēia ma ke kikowaena pūnaewele o ka mea ho'okūkū i ka mana.

No ka hana'ana i kēia, e ho'ohana i kahi'āpana kū'oko'a, a'o ia nā'ōpili'ehā o nā semiconductor, a me nā kānana - nā mea hana electrolytic. Pili nā Diodes iā'oe e ho'ololi i ke'ano hou a e ho'opa'a pa'a. A i neiac iiaeaiey i? Aaeaiey iinoiey Inā nānā'oe i ke'ano ho'ololi no nā papa hana AC a me DC (e like me ke kānāwai o Kirchhoff), hiki ke'ike'ia kahi hi'ohi'ona. I ka hana'ana i nā kaapuni DC, ua ho'ololi'ia ka paona e kahi kū'ē.

Akā i ka hana'ana i kahi kaapuni'ē a'e, ua pani'ia'o ia e kahi mea ho'okele o ka lō'ihi. I kekahi mau'ōlelo'ē a'e, inā'oe e ho'okomo i ka papa hana ma ka pūnaewele manuahi, e loa'a iā'oe kahi volima DC ma'ema'e, e nalowale ke ana a pau i ka hopena ma hope o nā palena hope pōkole ma ka mahele ka'apuni.

Nā Manawa no ka mea ho'ololi

'O kahi'ano nui ke kū'ana o nā helu puka kūpono no ka hānai'ana i nā anodes a me nā filaments o nā kukui. Ke kaumaha ma muli a kaapuni hoʻohana i ka mana pahu hoʻonui leo pono he okoa anakahi uila ka mana glowing. 'O ke kumu kū'ai 6.3 V. Akā,'o nā kukui, e like me G-807, GU-50, ke koi aku i ka volima o 12.6 V. Na kēia hana i ho'ohālikelike a ho'ohana i ka ho'ohana'ana i ka mea ho'opili hou.

Akā inā'oe e ho'olālā e hō'ulu'ulu i ka mea ho'okani wale ma luna o nā kukui manamana (6N2P, 6P14P, a pēlā aku), a laila,'a'ole pono ka mea e pono ai ka hā'awi'ana i ka volumoku. E nānā i ka nui - inā makemake'oe e hō'ulu'ulu i kahi mea ho'okani li'ili'i, a laila e ho'ohana i ka mea hou kelepili. He ho'okahi pahuhonu -'a'ole hiki iā lākou ke loa'a ka mana ki'eki'e. Inā he nīnau i ka mana, a laila'oi aku ka maika'i o ka ho'ohana'ana i nā mea hou o ke TS-180, TS-270.

E ho'olālā i ka'ōnaehana

No nā kaha ho'okanikili li'ili'i,'oi aku ka maika'i o ka ho'ohana'ana i kahi hale i hana'ia o ke alumini a mea hana'ia paha, ke ho'okumu'ia'ana o nā mea lele uila e kekahi hana i ho'ohui'ia. 'O ka hemahema o ka hālāwai o ka mea ma ka papa hele ka'ahele kaomi - no ka ho'omaha'ana o ka pūnana ma lalo o nā kukui e ho'omaka ana e huki i nā ala, ua ho'opau'ia ka pale. Kūle'a ka hulina, a lilo ka hana ULF i mea kūpiliki'i, hiki ke kani ke'ano'ē.

Inā ho'ohana'ia ka mea ho'okani kaha i ka manawa mua, a laila, ua kūpono ke kau'ana ma luna o kahi'āpana li'ili'i - e'oi aku ka hilina'i. Akā'o ka noi'ana o ka'ōpana'ōwili e koi ana i ka mea'ai. No kahi hamo, hiki ke hana i ka ULF ma ke kumu lā'au. Akā i loko o kāu pono e ho'ouka i kahi kālai kila, kahi e'ākoakoa ai ke kikowaena a pau. He mea pono e ho'ohana i kahi pahu kila, no ka mea e hiki ai iā'oe ke pale pale i nā pahu i kekahi i kekahi, e ho'one'e ai i ka hiki'ana i kahi hau'oli a me nā mea haunaele.

Ho'ololi i ka leo a me ke kani

Hiki ke ho'onui'ia ke kaapuni o kahi mea hō'ailona ma'alahi me'elua mau ho'ololi - ka nui a me ka timbre. Ho'onohonoho pono'ia ka mea ho'onohonoho mua ma ka ho'okomo o ka ULF, hiki i ka ho'ololi'ana i ka heluna o ka hō'ailona komo. Hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohana i nā pale kū'ē'oko'a o kēlā me kēia hana, e hana pono i ka ULF. Me ka ho'ololi'ana o ka timbre, pono'ole e kū i nā pilikia - hiki ke ho'oili'ia kekahi kū'ē kū'ē i loko o ka kaapuni anode o ka pae mua. E pono wale'oe e ho'oholo i kahi o ka ho'ololi'ia'ana i mea e ho'onui ai i ka HF, a ma ia mea e ho'onui ai i ka LF.

He mea pono e hana i nā mea a pau e like me ka hana'ana o ka hanana ahupua'a, a laila'a'ole e hiki ke ho'ohana i ka ho'olālā. Akā'o kēia ka mea ma'alahi o ka mālama'ana i ka'ōnaehana,'oi aku ka maika'i o ka ho'onā'ana i kahi'āpana li'ili'i e hiki ai ke ho'ololi i nā alapine i loko o kahi āpau. Manaʻo Tube amplifiers e komo modulesʻuʻuku ma luna o semiconductors - leo, haʻahaʻa-hele kānana. Inā makemake'ole'oe e ho'okipa i kahi leo iā'oe iho, a laila hiki ke kū'ai'ia ma nā hale kū'ai. 'O ke kumukū'ai o kēlā me kēia kapika ua nui loa.

'O ka mea ho'okau pūnaewele

Akā,'o ka leo nui'o ULF e ho'olohe maika'i loa aku ma mua o ka monophonic. A no laila, e'oi aku ka pa'akikī - e pono e'ā'ili i kekahi ULF me nā mea like. I ka hopena, loa'a iā'oe nā ho'okomo'elua a me ka helu like ho'okahi. Eia kekahi, o ka mea ike amplifier a me nā pahu mua e like me ka mea like'ole, a e'oko'a paha nā'ano.

Ho'ohālike nā'āpana a me nā kū'ē i ke'ano o nā palena - e nā waiwai a me nā'ae'ana. I Kekahi Mau olelo no ka ia'ku e hoʻololi - pono e hoʻohana huiʻo ia i manao no ka leo mana, a me ka leo. 'O ke kumu he pono ia e hō'oia i ka ma'alahi o ka ho'oponopono'ana i kēia mau palena i nā laina'elua.

Pūnaehana 2.1

Akā, no ka ho'omaika'i'ana i ka maika'i o ke kani, hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohui i kahi subwoofer, e ho'onui i nā alapine ha'aha'a. I kēia hihia,'a'ole e loli ke kaapuni nui o ka pūnaehana amplifier, akā'o ka hui'ekolu wale nō e ho'ohui'ia. 'O ka'oia'i'o, pono iā'oe ke loa'a'ekolu mau hō'ailona leo like'ole - ho'okahi no ka ma'amau hema, ka'ākau, a subwoofer.

E'olu'olu e ho'oka'awale ka mana o ka mana o ka subwoofer mai ka VLF. 'O kēia ka mea e ho'ololi hou i ka pae waiwai. 'O ka cutoff o nā alapine "extra" i loa'a ma o kahi māka'i ka'apuni, kahi e komo ai i nā papa hana a me nā pale. Akā hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohana i nā kānana ha'aha'a ha'aha'a i hana'ia, i kū'ai'ia ma kekahi hale kū'ai o nā pūlala.

Ka Hopena

Ma luna a'e, ua no'ono'o'ia nā'ōpili o nā mea ho'okani kani, e ho'onui pinepine'ia e ka leka uila i kā lākou mau mana'o. He kū'oko'a no ka ho'okau'ana iā lākou i ka mea hiki iā ia ke lawelawe i ka hao hao a me ka papahana'enehana. Akā inā'a'ole'oe e'ike i kahi pale kaua mai ka papa hana a'a'ole e makemake e a'o i kekahi mea, akā makemake'ia ka mea nui, a laila'oi aku ka maika'i e noi i kahi haku'ike i ka ULF.