Osteon - he mall pa alima o ka iwi: 'ole a me ka ho'āʻo

Ke kanaka kino mea e pili ana 206 iwi, akā, mau kanaka i kā lākou 'ole a me ke kumu e mau ai ka ikaika maopopo. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kūlana ma keia mea o ka osteon. Kēia mall pa alima, mai a kukulu iho la i ka iwi o na lala, o kona iwiʻaoʻao, vertebrae, etc. He mea i kekahi inoa -. Haversian kahua.

Ka 'ole o ka iwi

Wale nō no ka mea, o ka mea i hoʻohui pū 'ana o ka iwi a me nāʻiʻo o ko mākou kino, e hiki ke hele nei mākou, a me keia mea ka papa kuhikuhiE kuleana pili i kā lākou. Aia hoi, o ka papa, a me nā - ke koko, e loaa hou mai o ka kumumea hehee wale, zapasatelnaya (momona me ke koe). Kaʻoi loa i ka mea kēia 'ole - kūikawā iwi keena a me extracellular mua, ka mea ma waho uhi (periosteum) a aia ma ke Keena Kalaiaina o ka iwi lolo.

Kekahi iwi he o elua eiiiiiaiou - o ka olelo hoopomaikai a me ka naele ia waiwai. Ka mua ua aia ma luna o ka periphery, i ka lua o ka - ma ka waenakonu, a he o osseous kaola,ʻaʻole randomly hooponopono, a me ka ikaika kaʻaeʻana me ka mea mawaho ikaika ma luna o ka iwi i ka ua paena.

I ka haku mele 'ana o nā iwi

Ka hui malu pu ana o ke aloha (30-40%) a me ka'okanikaʻole (60-70%) o na waiwai o ka hiʻona o ka iwi 'ole. Ma'okanikaʻole waiwai nā paʻakai o kekahi Nine Inch haku mele: posapahate, paʻapuna, makanekiuma sulufahate a me na mea e ae. A pau o ia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o nāʻakika, ma hope o kona waiū a hiki i ka iwi a koe no wale ke aloha waiwai, a me ka iwi i ka nānā aku, a Kahalaopuna e like me ka huahuakai.

Mawaena o ka ke aloha 'ona hiki ke kaʻawaleʻana i ka momona, mukoproteidov, glycogen a me ka collagen olona, (poe ossein, osseomukoidom, elastin). Inā ka iwi ua ke ahi, i ke kinona o ka mea e koe, akā, ka mea, e lilo brittle, a popopo wawe ka wā i ikaika loa o Paulo.

He no ka hui malu pu ana o ka waiwai o kekahi kêia kanaka i ka iwi paakiki, mau nō, akā,'ōlewa.

'ano o nā iwi

E like me ka oko ao i loko o ka 'ole ua maheleia i:

• Omo. Aia mau loa a me ka pōkole. Ua he a mau diaphysis a me ka epiphysis, triangular kinona, a paukūʻolokaʻa;
• A naele - hakuʻano nui cancellous'aʻaʻa hoʻopuniʻia e paa;
• palahalaha. kū no ka mea, elua i lalo papa ma waena o i ua neo? aaiiai? ka cancellous iwi, e laʻa me, iwi kōmi 'ana;
• hui. Iwi, oia hoi o kekahi mau wahi o ka luna 'shape. Aia i kela ano a me ka mana e hana. No ka laʻana, he thoracic vertebra ninoieo o ekolu māhele - i ke kino, a me ka piʻo kaʻina.

Ke kelepona hele 'ole o ka iwi

E noʻonoʻo i ka iwi'aʻaʻa ma ke kelepona hele pae, loaʻa nō ekolu ka papa kuhikuhi ano o ke keena e oko i 'ole a me ka hana i ko lakou mau oihana.

1. Osteoblasts -'ōpiopio nui aeee i mea mesenchymal i kumu. Paukūʻolokaʻa kinona, na kāna mau 'ōlelo nei eccentrically. Kēlā me kēia aeea mai he appendage e hele mai i loko o hui 'ana me ke kokoke osteoblasts. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE oihana - e synthesize extracellular'ōpū mai, a mea kuleana no ka mineralization.
2. Osteocytes - o ka aʻe ke kahua i loko o ka ulu ana o ka osteoblast iwi keena, e loaʻa ka mea, i loko o ka iwi, a ua oki e kūkulu i kekahi meaʻuʻuku ke kelepona hele kino, e like me ka hoohalike ana i osteoblasts, a me ka helu o keʻano o ka hanaʻana, he nui, a me ke oko a hiki i ka ia iwi. Ke Kernel Ua hoi hoemi i ka nui a me ka lilo nui anuanu. Wai ua immured ma mineralized intercellular waiwai (wahi i wāhiʻia).
3. Osteoclasts - nui aeea nui like 'ole a hiki wale i oi mamua o 80 microns. Kora naʻEsau i ole kekahi akā, mau, no ka mea, e hana ana i kekahi mau fused pu macrophages. Mai ka osteoclast mea i loko o mau noi, kona helehelena ua mau hoʻololi. Ma ka hapa o ka iwi e pono ia e luku, a hiki i ka halepaahao ma laila nō keʻano o ka hanaʻana lehulehu i loaʻa i "ka noonoo ana" o ka iwi, lawe aku mai ka mea a pau paʻakai, a luku i ka'ōpū mai.

Kēia ekolu 'ano o nā keena, pu me amorphous mea a me ka osseinovymi olona, manaʻo i loko o noa makahiki, i mea e hana i ka pā, ma ka huli, ho okumu i osteons, a me ka mau gusset una honua.

Mall haku mele 'ana o nā iwi

Diaphysis ua i mai o nā mall naehana: Haversian'ōnaehana a osteon, - i ka papa kuhikuhiE hapa - a me ka gusset una honua. Osteon 'ole ka loa huikau. Iwi papa e kakaʻa ana i loko o nā paukūʻolokaʻa o okoa ka ho. Mau nā paukūʻolokaʻa i kona pūnana aku i kekahi i kekahi, a me ka piko ae o ka ai-kapaia Haversian Canal. Ma keia Kanal ho'āʻo nā aʻalolo a me nā ipu koko.

Osteon - kēia mea,ʻaʻole he okoa mall pa alima moe, ua pinepine ae la oia anastomoses ma waena o nā huahelu, e like me ka periosteum a me ka ipu iwi ka lolo. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ke koko kokuaia mai e osteons originates no o ka mea circulatory pukapuka o ka periosteum, a laila hele i loko o ka iwi lolo hue. Ia laua i ka moku i ke koko a me nā aʻalolo a hāʻule pahū wale nō.

Ke aupuni 'kekahi osteon, Hawaii photo maopopo, i loko o ka iwi omo ia laua a hiki i kaʻaoʻao loa, a me ka huahuakai - p ÷ haku i ka mana o ka mīkini'opihia a me ka hoʻopilikia.

iwi kēlā Ua kūkulu mai o kā lākou mau kanaka helu ana i na huahelu, e like me ka osteon, kālaimeaola ho'āpono ia me ka 'ole ai i ka haawe ana ma luna o kēlā me kēia o ia kona iho. Femur undergoes nui mīkini'opihia haawe oiai e hele ana, i ka helu ana o Haversian nenoai ia mea 1.8 PC. no huinahalike millimeter. A, 11% - o ka like ana o ka Haversian Canal.

Osteons i mau kaawale ma waena papa (i haawi ia ia e like me intercalary). Ia mea,ʻaʻole i kekahi mea, aka, o ka hōkaiʻia osteon iwi, ua lilo unusable no kekahi kumu paha kekahi. Ua, iwi mea mau mea i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka luku a me ke kūkulu hou Haversian nenoai.

oihana osteon

Osteon papa i nā hiʻona:

• walaʻauʻana? ieoaeunoai pa alima o ka iwi;
• Ua hāʻawi mai ka ikaika;
• hoʻomalu nā aʻalolo a me na moku e hali ana i ke koko.

Ua i akaka i ka osteon - he 'ole he nui kūlana i loko o kā mākou ana i ka hanaʻia, me ka iwi hiki i hooko kona Manao iho la ia manao - e kākoʻo i nā nā loko a me nā'aʻaʻa o ke kino i loko o ka lewa.