Palaka - ke kapikala o ka Repubalika Czech. History, Palaka Hawaii

Makamua a me ka pohihihi, kū hoʻokahi a me ka onaona, Golden Palaka - ke kapikala o ka Repubalika Czech. No na tausani o ka makahiki ka mea, ua ulu a hoʻomohala i ke kuʻina o ke kuai? Ooia. Kona helehelena ke ike i ka holoʻokoʻa mōʻaukala o Europa kuhikuhipuʻuone: Kokika nā pā kaua, a me kona mau hoaka, Baroque ekalesia a me pakebona hale, he hale i loko o Rococo a me Art Nouveau. Palaka ka Mokuna-oaio? A me kona nui mika pāhoʻonui lua, a o Kahualoa Kokohi a me ka ololi alanui, cobblestone, UNESCO ka olelo hooholo, e hookomo ia ma ka helu o World ka hoʻoilina moʻomeheu Hawaiʻi.

A mau olelo e pili ana i ka aina

Ma ka naau o 'Eulopa, ma waena o nā puʻu, ko Yuuki Bohemian nahele, a me ka Sudeten mauna huahelu, ka mea, o ka Lepupalika Czech. Kēia aupuni, he ole mākeke a hiki i ke kai , a ua moe ma Austria, Kelemania, Poland a me Solowakia. Ma ka Lepupalika Czech, paha oi ma mua o anywhere'ē aʻe, i kekahi ke haha aku i ka uhane o ka Middle Ages, ke akahele malamaia ma kēia ōlaʻi o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kūlanakauhale, i ka pā kaua a me ka hale käkela eiiieaenu. Beautiful Landskap he nani maoli no kuhikuhipuʻuone kia hoʻomanaʻo i.

Contemporary Czech Repubalika

E like me ka hopena, i ka ai-kapaia velvet oki mare (ka'opi i loko o January 1993 Czechoslovakia - ka Czech a me Slovak Federal Lepupalika) ma luna o ka honua pili aupuni loa, ma laila nō nā mō'ī Hawaii - ka Slovak Repubalika, o ka papa kuhikuhiE kulanakauhale i lilo Bratislava, a me ka Czech Repubalika, a i koe i ke kapikala o Palaka.
I hou Europa mōʻaukala, ka mea, mea paha ka mea wale nō i loko o hihia i ka mahele o ka aina i ole, ua pu ma ka oihana koa 'ole' ē aʻe kānāwai mākaʻi hana. Contemporary Czech Lepupalika - he hale kanawai repubalika alai ae ma ka pelekikena, koho e mahalo balota. I keia la, i ka Czech Repubalika ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o ke koho ma March 2013 Peresidena Milos Zeman kekahi hapa o ka 'Eulopa Union a me NATO.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE kulanakauhale

Palaka - ke kapikala, mōʻaukala, ka moʻomeheu a me ka-yeiiiie? "Naau" o ka mea kēia Repubalika Czech, Aia i loko o ka Koro o ke aupuni, ma ka waena o ke kīʻaha Czech. Ua kukulu iho la i kekahi kulanakauhale ma luna o nā puʻu ma ka muliwai Vltava a me ka mea, ua maheleia i mau māhele: hikina a me ke komohana. Aia ma ke kapa akau o Visegrad, a ma ka hema o ka Palaka Castle. No ka mea, o ka mea pinepine hoolilo o ka noho ana o Czech luna mai kekahi hooponopono i kekahi mea, a elua ala ikaika a me kaʻaneʻane merged i loko o hoʻokahi.

Akā, kauoha aku ka Big Palaka i hana wale nō i loko o ka hapaha mua o ka hope ke kenekulia, ma hope o ke kūlanakauhale palena kekahi mau kakiniʻaneʻane merged i loko o kekahi hooponopono i komo. A ma mua ka mea, ua he uuku kulanakauhale, ia mea wale 20 ei ^2. Hoikehonua, Palaka ma ka palapala uhi ka wahi o ka aneane 500 ^km2.

Palaka kaao

Ma ka mōʻaukala mawaena konu o Palaka kela hale, kīhāpai a me ka cobblestone kona alahaka, ke hai aku i kekahi lihi iki o ke kaao a me nā moʻolelo. Fanned e kaao a me ke kahua o keia kulanakauhale. Ma hope o ka ohana Czech ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka forefather hele Cech, a hoomaka ae la e makaikai i ka aina aia ma waena o ka muliwai Elbe, a Vltava, i ka luna ua Prince Krok, oia ua hoala ekolu kaikamahine, ka muli loa o ka mea, Libuse, ma hope o ka make ana o kona makua kāne i hele mai i ka mana. Ka mea, ua iho la ka mea, e like me ke kaʻao, hoʻokumu i ka hapapa kapa o ka Vltava Vyšehrad pā, a ma hope lilo ae la ia e noho. Princess Libuse ua ole wale akamai a me ka maikai, akā, no hoi i ka haawina o ke kilo. I kekahi lā, e kū ana ma luna o ka pōhaku kapa o ka Vltava, oia ua hiki ia "ike" ana i ke kulanakauhale e waiho i loko o ka pōkole manawa, kona kaulana hiki i ka lani, e. Ua hiki kauoha aku e kahea aku i ke kahi o kēia hale kākela e e kūkulu: i ka paepae puka o ka hale, a pono e ke kanaka tinkering. Koke i ke aliʻi i ka poʻe kauwā a holo lokahi, e huli a loaʻa koke i ka haku i loko o ka manawa e Palaka ma Czech o ia hoʻi, "paepae", he mea plowman kapaia Přemysl. Libuse i aku la ia ia i ke kane, a me ka wahi, kahi āna i hana ai i ka paepae, ua hookumuia oia pā Castle, mai a nui Palaka - i kekahi kūlanakauhale i malama ia e like me ka noho ana o na hanauna he nui o ka Premyslid aliʻi.

E like me ka moʻolelo

ʻepekema, Libuse a me ka plowman Premysl ole aku ma mua o ka mythical külana. I ka mea, Palaka, ua hookumuia ia i mua o ka 880 makahiki ma hope o Bořivoj, o ka mua ka luna o ka Přemyslid i nohoaliʻi ai, hoʻoneʻe i kona noho mai Hradec nad Vltavou. No ka 'ike e pili ana i ka Libuse loaʻa i loko o laila, hana o Cosmas o Palaka "Czech Chronicle," aʻo ia nā lā ia 623 - 630 makahiki. I ia manawa, ma ke kakahiaka nui hiku o ka kenekulia, e like me ka poe akamai, i ka Czechs i ole i statehood a me ke kahua o ke kulanakauhale i olelo lealea.

He aha e hana ana i ka inoa o ke kulanakauhale?

I haiia ae maluna,, ka loa hanohano kumumanaʻo mea i Palaka - ke kulanakauhale nona ka inoa e hele mai, mai ka Czech hua'ōlelo Prah - «paepae». Kekahi kānakaʻepekema i manaʻo i Praha ua loko mai o ka Old Slavic inoa a me kahi rapids Vltava āhua. Aia ka he mana i ka inoa o ke kūlanakauhale i ke pili me ka hua'ōlelo pražení - pūlehu lākou i, zazharki, mai i loko o kēia māhele 'āina mahi i ka hailona o ka palaoa, a me ka mōhaiʻai? Iecaianoaaiiie i ua ulu.

A pau o kēia wale nō i ma muli wale nō ma luna o ka Ikepili o ka'ōlelo hale. Hoikehonua,ʻepekema manaʻo i ka loa plausible kuhiakau e pili ana i ka hapapa rapids, a ua nui ma luna o ka Vltava.

Pehea mea a pau, hoomaka ae la

Ka mua laau Palaka Castle i hoʻokumu i loko o ka lua o ka hapalua o ke IX kenekulia luna Borzhevym. I ka hoʻomaka o ka X kenekulia ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ka Vltava Kū Visegrad. Over manawa a puni nā pā kaua, a hoomaka ae la e hele mai kālepa a me ka oihana Luna Hooponopono. No laila, ma ke kae hema i hana i kekahi wahi Old Town, a ma ka akau, ma lalo o ka Palaka Castle, kaukaualiʻi ala ae la. Ma ka pau ana o ka XIII kenekulia, i ke alii ana o kana keiki Premysl Otakar II o, Duke o Kakow a me King Wenceslas II o Bohemia, Palaka - ke kapikala, ke kūlanakauhale nui loa a me ka loa hoʻokele waiwai ulu, ka mea e hoʻokele e ala hou ma luna o ke koena.
Ke heyday o ke kulanakauhale ana kokoke i ka anai XIII kenekulia a coincided me ka noho alii ana o Yana Lyuksemburgskogo a me kana keiki Charles IV. Ka hope ua hiki ke hoala mai Palaka ka kūlana i ka mea o ka Roma aupuni a pau, i ke poʻo, a ma luna o ka nui, ka mea, uaʻelua wale nō i Constantinople a me Paris. Charles IV i kona noho alii ana ho'āʻo e hana na mea a pau, e hooiaio i ka Palaka - ke kapikala o ole wale oicyenoaaiiie, akā, i moʻomeheu. Ua Ua laila, kūkulu ka Charles Bridge a me ka mea mua kulanui, ka mea, hoomaka ae la ka hana o ka Hale Pule Nui o St. Vitus. A laila, i hana arhiepiskopalnaya 'Oihana, a me ka ua i ka wahi o Novo Mesto.

kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? acaeoey

E like me ka hopena o ka Hussite Wars Palaka ua hoano e i ka manawa o ka neoneo a me ka palaho. Akā, ma ka hopena o ka XV kenekulia he mea he gradual noaaeeecaoee i loko o ke kūlanakauhale hoʻomaka kūkuluʻia o ka hou a me ka? Aeiino? O lukuia hale. Ka mea, ua i keia manawa ma lalo o ka lima o ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Benedikta Rayta ke hele mai i loko o Hradcany? Aeiino? Oeoey o ka Old Royal Palace.

Ka lua o ka "gula makahiki" no ka Palaka hele mai i ka noho alii ana o ka Habsburg i nohoaliʻi ai, a hoomaka ae la i ka 1526. 'Aukekulia luna i ua hoʻopuka kālā i ka puu o ka Manpower a me nā kumu waiwai i loko o ka ulu ana o Palaka. I ka 1612, ma hope o ka make ana o Emperor Rudolf II o, ke kulanakauhale haalele i kona kūlana me ka alo alii i piha ikaika neʻe akula iā Vienna.

I kekahi wā ua i ka heyday o Palaka XVIII kenekulia, i coincided me ke aupuni hou. I ka pau ana o keia kenekulia, i ka noho alii ana o Joseph II o, he mea he hui i loko o ka hookahi hoʻomalu mokuna o ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻokiwikā wahi eha: Hradcany, Old Town, kaukaualiʻi Town a me New Town.

I ka pau ana o XIX - kakahiaka XX kenekulia, ka wā ua he kokololio ana o ka hana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai, e like me ka hapanui o na mau poo Europa, Palaka ua 'Imi ke kino, a ua ulu me ka nui loa. Ke ala o kēia wā i keʻakeʻaʻia ka First World War. Czechoslovakia - I ka 1918, he kuokoa moku'āina i hana. I World War II, mai 1939 a hiki i 1945, Palaka - ke kapikala o ka State - like hoʻi me ke koena o ka aina, ua i loko o ka Naziʻoihana. Ma hope o ke kaua, a hiki i 1989, ka wā ua he "velvet kipi" ma Czechoslovakia ua hapa o ka Socialist e hoʻomoana ai.

Palaka apana

Hoikehonua, Palaka ua haku o na wahi he nui, i kekahi o ko i ua mau kenekulia noʻonoʻo like ana kulanakauhale. Ka mea, e:

• Visegrad;
• Haka pono Mesto;
• kaukaualiʻi;
• Hradcany;
• New Town.

I nā lā kahiko, ka mea i wale i okoa'ōnaehana nenoai a me subordination, kaʻoihana kālā, akā, paʻewa i kekahi i kekahi, i kekahi manawa, hele a hiki i kaua hana. Ma ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia ia i shape Old Palaka, ma ka Mokuna waena i nā wahi, e like me ka Old a me New Town, Hradčany, Vyšehrad, Mala Strana a me Josefov - Iudaio hapaha.

I ka mea, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mōʻaukala, kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka nohona Hawaii o ke kapikala Czech ke aupuni '. Ma mahope makahiki, mahuahua i ke kulanakauhale, a he mau hou mau mea, akā, ka mea, i hana hoihoi 'no ka huakaʻi o ka mea iki.

I kēia lā, ua paʻakikī,ʻaʻole wale nō i ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia akā, no hoi i ka lāhui 'ōiwi maopopo pehea maheleia lakou ma na apana o Palaka. Ma ka palapala, e like me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia manaʻo o ke kūlanakauhale o ka hoʻoneʻe, kēia mau mea hōʻike 'ia ma kā lākou ia kenekoa o ana i ka kekahi kulanakauhale. Pela, ke kūlanakauhale a pau ua maheleia i loko o 22 apana, a me loko o kona wale nô 57 apana.

A me ka mea hou Kanawai a me na kahiko kūlanakauhale cadastral kahua mahele. No laila, Palaka ua maheleia i loko o 10 ka papa kuhikuhiE mau mea o ka 112 mau mea. Oia ka hookaawale ua kapaia Administrative, a ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kekahi mau, ao ke ano o hoʻokiwikā ola.