Palena pau nā helu kaulike - General Information a me ka laulā

Këia i kaʻike manaʻo o ke 'ano, ka hoʻoponopono kela hana ma ka' aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai, kālaimeaola, ke kālaikūlohea, 'enekinia,ʻaʻole manawa hiki ke koke kukulu iho la lakou i ka pololei loulou ma waena o ma kekahi aiee e wehewehe i kekahi evolutionary kaʻina. Nui, i kekahi ke hooholo i ka pilina ma waena o kēia mau loina (hana) a me kā lākou uku o ka loli me ka manao ana i ka mea 'ē aʻe (kuokoa) ee iaaanu aey. keia ke hoala mai nā helu kaulike ma i ka ike ole i hana 'i ma lalo o ka hoailona o ka derivative - he palena pau helu kaulike. I kā lākou like mākou i kana a he hailona o ka manawa, he wahi lihi iki o ke kaulanaʻepekema: Newton, Bernoulli, Laplace a me na mea e ae. Ka hoʻohana o ka palena pau nā helu kaulike e kaiāulu: Ke Ana Hoʻohālike o oicyenoaaiiieʻano, hōʻike,ʻaʻole wale nō ke kalele iho ee iaaanu aey i ka manawa, akā, i ko lakou pili me ka manawa, i loko o nā pilikia o ka micro- a me macroeconomics; hana ia lakou e wehewehe i ka propagation o electromagnetic a me ka hawewe mehana, a me kela evolutionaryʻike manaʻo e hana i ka mea i ola, a me ka 'ole-ola ano.

Me ke kōkua o nä hawewe electromagnetic i ke hoʻouna i 'ike i ka mamao (kīwī, kelepona, Radio, etc.). Hoikehonua, macroeconomics nui ana o ka palena pau a me ka like nā helu kaulike. No ka laʻana, ma macroeconomics ua hoʻohana 'ia ai-kapaia walaʻauʻana mana o ka neoclassical kumumanaʻo o oicyenoaaiiie ulu. kekahi palena pau nā helu kaulike e hoʻohana i ka kālaimeaola, kemika, hana nona iho a me nā kūikawā no ka hoʻopaʻi '. Ka huahelu hōʻike i ka pakuhi o ka papa, i ka wa e noonoo pono i ka mea e māhuahua heluna ulu ana i ua i hoʻohana. Kēia mea ua loaʻa ma ka mea o ke ana.

No laila, e hou kumumanaʻo. Ano o palena pau helu kaulike kapa nonidentical lākiō ma waena o ka makemake papa Y me kekahi kuokoa i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi X, o ka loa o ka kūʻokoʻa ee iaaanu aey X a me na nā mea loaʻa o ka ike hana o kekahi o kekahi mea. He nui ke ano o ka palena pau nā helu kaulike, nui no i hope i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Palena pau nā helu kaulike i:

1)ʻike mau helu kaulike I-la mea, e noniakahi ma ka mika pāhoʻonui lua. Kēia, ma ka huli, ua mahele ia i loko o: palena pau nā helu kaulike me separable aiaiiuo; Na Makuahine me hookaawale aiaiiuo; ʻaʻahu hoʻoholo; laina hoʻoholo; Mau palena pau nā helu kaulike.

2)ʻana mai o ke kiekie mea.

3) laina Na Makuahine II-la mea, i mea homogeneous laina e hooponopono II-la mea me ka mau coefficients a me inhomogeneous laina e hooponopono me ka ikaika coefficients.

Na Makuahine kekahi Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i loko o kekahi mau aoao, me ka loa, he pono ole o ka a - ka Cauchy pilikia, nā kiʻina hana a Euler a me Bernoulli, a me na mea e ae.

Ma na pilikia o ka 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai, makemakika,' ike loea mea pono e hoʻomaulia i kekahi helu o ka oihana pili i kekahi i kekahi i kekahi dala o ke ana. A laila, hele mai mākou i ke kōkua o ka'ōnaehana o ka palena pau nā helu kaulike: he lākou o nā helu kaulike, kela mea keia mea o i ka loaʻa o ka kūʻokoʻa ee iaaanu aey, i ka hana ana o keia kuokoa a me kā lākou nā mea loaʻa.

Inā ka'ōnaehana ka laina ma ka ike ole ia mana, ka mea, ua kapaʻia he laina nenoaiie o ka palena pau nā helu kaulike. Normal nenoaiu o ka palena pau nā helu kaulike hiki auou caiaiai ma ka hookahi eiioeieeae, i ka mea o ka i mea like me ka helu o nā helu kaulike.

Huli ana i ka mana hoʻomalu'ōnaehana i kekahi helu kaulike i loko o kekahi mau hihia a pau, a hooko aku ma ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka hoʻopau hana.

Ma waho aʻeo ia a pau o ka luna, ma laila nō laina nenoai me ka ikaika coefficients, i hiki ke hoopuni Wehewehe i nā hāʻina e Euler ka hana.