Paul Yablochkov: pōkole Kawaihae, kiʻi, hana mea hou i hana muaʻole. I wehe 'Yablochkov Paulo Nikolayevich

I kēia mea paakiki i ka manao wale ana i ka hua'ōlelo "uila" i i ike a pau e pili ana i 100 mau makahiki aku nei. Ma hoʻokolohua 'epekema mea ole ai oluolu e loaʻa i ka paionia, nā loko o kaʻimi naʻauao. Ma ka puke a me ka palapala, Archimedes, Pythagoras theorem, binomial theorem, ka Copernican nenoaia, Einstein ka kumumanaʻo, papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika papaʻaina ... Akā, i ka inoa o ke kanaka nana i invented ka malamalama uila,ʻaʻole pau ike.

ʻO wai ka mea i hana i kekahi aniani alabata me ka metala lauoho i loko o - he kukui? Ia mea i oluolu i ka pane i kēia nīnau. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i kēia hana mea hou i hana muaʻole pili i ke kakiniʻepekema. I kā lākou mau poʻe kaua - Paulo Yablochkov, pōkole Kawaihae ua hōʻike i loko o kēia 'atikala. Kēia Lūkini inventor ku mai ole wale ma ka ulu ana (198 knm), akā, no hoi e hana. Kana hana i kau aku i ke kahua no ka kau iho ma ka uila. 'Aʻole no ka mea i loko o ka' epekema kaiāulu nō loaʻa ka mana kii o ke kanaka noiʻi like Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich. I invented ia? Ke pane i keia ninau, e like me na mea he nui nā mea hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo e pili ana i Paul Nikolaevich, oe e loaʻa i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Me Kinohi, makahiki o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana

A lohe o Paul Yablochkov (Hawaii photo ma luna hōʻike iā ia) i hanau, i loko o ka Volga māhele 'āina ua cholera. Kona mau makua ka makaʻu no ke kai nui, no laila,ʻaʻole ka mea, i ae aku i ke keiki i ka ekalesia no ka bapetizo. Ma lapuwale moʻolelo ho'āʻo e loaʻa Yablochkov inoa i loko o ka ekalesia moʻolelo. Kona mau makua, he uuku landowners, a me Paulo ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi Yablochkov hele mālie aku, i loko o ka nui Manor hale me ka hapa-ipu keʻena, mezzanine a me nā kīhāpai.

A lohe o Paulo i 11 o kona mau makahiki, hele aku la ia i ka noiʻi i loko o ka Saratov gymnasium. It E e kaulana ia no 4 makahiki mua Nikolai Chernyshevsky, kumu freethinker, haʻalele i kēia kula i loko o St. Petersburg Cadet mau pūʻali. Paul Yablochkov aʻo ma ke kula no ka lōʻihi. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, me konaʻohanaʻilihune nui. Mai o keia kahua i kekahi - he oihana koa 'oihana, i haawi aku ai ia i mua o ka' ohana una. A hele aku la o Paulo ma Yablochkov Pavlovsky aliʻi hale o St. Petersburg, i i kapaia ka Mikhailovsky Castle ma ka aoao o kona poe noho.

Yablochkov - koa lunaʻenehana

Sevastopol kai eʻe i keia manawa ua i loko o ka hou i hala iho nei (emi ma mua o ke ahiahi, heʻumi makahiki). Ua hoike aku luina Kelemania e prowess, e like me ke akamai kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi lulu puʻukaua. Koa 'enekinia, i loko o kēlā mau makahiki ua ma he uku nui. General EI Totleben, ka mea i lilo i kaulana iloko o ke Crimean War, kino hā nai 'enekinia, Kula, i ua manawa? Anoee Paulo Yablochkov.

Kona Kawaihae ua hoailono aku i kēia mau makahiki e noho ana i loko o ke keena hookipa o ka hale o Kaisara Cui, lunaʻenehana-nui, ka mea i ao mai i keia kula. Ua ua he talena, a hoi hou aku ia i ka manawaleʻa haku mele a me ka mele manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Kona mele a me nā keaka mele ola i keia la. Malia paha kēia mau mea o nā makahiki malaila i loko o ke poʻo, ka mea, ua ka happiest no Paulo Nikolayevich. Ua i ole, ua hulina, ka mea i ole i i Kau waihona a me ka aie. Great naauao i aole i hiki mai i ona lā,, a nae kuhi hewa, ka mea a laila piha i kona ola, aka, ua ole.

Ka mua setback Yablochkov ka wā ma hope o ka puka ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ia kekona lutanela ma ka hoʻouna i ka hana i loko o ka lima Sapper Regiment pili i ka Kiev pā ka pā kaua. Aku o ka lanakila battalion, ka mea ana i halawai Paulo, ua he wahi i like loa me ka makakū, hoihoi 'ola mau lunaʻenehana nana i ka moe ana iā ia i loko o St. Petersburg. Pūʻali koa o Yablochkov i Aʻole e holopono ana: o ka makahiki ma hope, ua haʻalele "ma muli o ka maʻi".

Ka mua hoalauna me ka uila

Ma hope iho o kēia loa unsettled wā i lilo ai i loko o Paulo Nikolayevich ola. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia e wehe kekahi hanana i huli mai e e nui loa i loko o kona hopena. A makahiki ma hope o ka resignation koke 'ōili hou i loko o ka Army Paulo Nikolaevich Yablochkov. Kawaihae ia laila, hele aku la i ka loa okoa ala ...

I ka wā e hiki mai inventor aʻo ma ka E noa ka galvanic kula. Here i kona ike ma ke kahua o ka "galvanism a me ka magnetism" (i ka hua'ōlelo "uila" e like me mākou i mai la, i ole i nei) hoʻonui a Wa Mamua. He nui kaulana nā kānakaʻenehana a me ka opiopioʻepekema ma ka opiopio, e like mākou meʻe, hoopuni ma ke ola primerivayas, kākau moʻolelo no, huli no ka mea, a pau o ka ulia i ole i kāu mea āu i huli. A laila, Aole a oukou hoowalewale hiki i alakai ia auwana. Like me, 22-makahiki-kahiko Paulo loaʻa i kona oihana - uila. He Hoʻolaʻa i kona ola no kona mau Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich. Hana i ka ia, i nā mea a pau pili me ka uila.

Jobs ma Moscow, e halawai hou kanaka

Paulo hope koe o ka poe koa. He hele aku la i Moscow a koke alai ae hooponopono telegraph hana alahao (Moscow-Kursk). Here ma kona hoʻolilo ke keʻena hoʻokolohua, e hiki ua kikoo mai kekahi, aole nae nō hopohopo, nā manaʻo. Paulo mea i ka ikaika a me ka 'epekema ke kaiāulu kanaka, ka huiʻepekema. Ma Moscow, oia e ao hou e pili ana i ka Polytechnique exhibition pono weheia. Ua makana i ka polokalamu e piʻi like o ka wahi lulu nā mīkini home. Ma Yablochkov ikea hoa hana, hoa, ka mea, e like ana ia ia iho, passionate uila hunaahi - wahi kanaka-i ka uila! Me kekahi o ia mau mea, Glukhov Didenko, Paulo nō e oaka ana i na "hana". Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka paʻa uila Workshop.

Neʻe i Paris, he iaoaioa ma luna o ke kukui

Naʻe, i ka "i" o ko lākou mau moku. Kēia mea, no ka mea inventors o ke kuli, a Yablochkov he ole pāʻoihana. I mea e pale aku i ka aie o ka halepaahao, Paulo Nikolayevich urgently e hele wale aku no. Ma ke kupulau o 1876, ma Paris, loaa i kekahi iaoaioa no "uila ihoiho" Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich. Ke hana mea hou i hana muaʻole o keia makemake ole i ia ināʻaʻole no ka mea mua e piʻi like ma ka 'epekema. No laila, e haʻi mai iā mākou pokole no ia.

Mōʻaukala kukui i Yablochkov

Mākou e he uuku mōʻaukala waleʻana aku hoʻolaʻa fixtures e wehewehe i ka mea nui hana mea hou i hana muaʻole Yablochkov, me ka noho i ka mea ia manawa i loko o ka oaoieei-nani. Ke kukui mua o ke kukui. Ua ua, ua ikeia e ke kanaka, mai ka manawa prehistoric manawa. A laila, (i Yablochkov) i invented mua kukui, laila, ka aila kukui i, etc. - he kukui ma hope o ke ana - he kerosene kukui, a me ka hope, he kinoea ipukukui. A pau kēia mau kukui, ma kā lākou mau 'ano a pau, i hui pu ia e kekahi, he pono ole rula: i loko o ia i kekahi ahi lapalapa i ka wa a hui me ka oxygen.

Ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole arcing

VV Petrov, he loea Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema ka mea i loko o 1802 hōʻike i ka hana i loko o ka hoʻohana o galvanic hehee wale. Kēia inventor Ua loaa ka uila piʻo, i hana mai i ke ao nei ka mua ka pilaʻimi hoʻopunipuni malamalama. Ka uila mea he malamalama maoli. About ka mea, ua lōʻihi, ua ikeia e ke kanaka, ka mea 'ē aʻe mea o ia kanaka e hoomaopopo i kona ano.

Uku Petrov eʻaʻole i hoʻouna mai i ka hana i kākau i loko o Russian. Ma ka mea ia i ikeia ma Europe, no laila, lōʻihi ka hanohano o ka weheʻana i ka piʻo wahi a hiki i ka chemist Davy, ka mea kaulana English chemist. O ka holo ana, ua ike oia i kekahi mea e pili ana i hiki Petrova. He haʻi akula i kona hoao ana ma hope o 12 makahiki, a kapaʻiaʻo ia ma ka hanohano o Volta piʻo, ke physicist kaulana, mai Italia. He hana hoihoi i ka mea A. Volta ka mea, i loa he hope e hana.

Piʻo mau ipu aila a keakea pili me ia

E wehewehe ana o ka Russian a me Pelekānia nä känaka 'epekema i impetus i ka muli o fundamentally hou piʻo mau ipuʻaila, pila nui. Aku la a kokoke nā nā uila aʻa lolo, piʻo ka uwila, a laila,ʻikeʻia huali malamalama. Naʻe, ke keakea mea i pau i ke ahi o carbon nā uila aʻa lolo ma hope o kekahi manawa, mahuahua ka mamao therebetween. Ma ka hopena, i ka piʻo make mai. Ka mea, ua pono e noke lawe pu i ka nā uila aʻa lolo. A, ua likeʻole palena pau, manawa, ka lima a me nā hoʻoponopono maomeka, a, ma ka huli, he pono pili hooponopono. Ua Ua maopopo i kela a me keia kukui o keia ano keia ano i ka halawai kŰia.

Ka mua incandescent kukui a me kona keakea

Palani nä känaka 'epekema Zhobar i manaoia hoʻohana no ka ho'ā nā incandescent uila kaula, i ka piʻo. Shanzhi, i kona compatriot, ho'āʻo e ho okumu ana i kekahi kukui. HE Lodygin, Lūkini inventor lawe mai ia "i ka manaʻo." He hana mai ka mua incandescent ÷ pu u kukui, e pono no ka hana. Akā, Coke kāna mau 'ōlelo ma loko o ka mea, ua nui loa fragile, a palupalu. Eia kekahi, i loko o ke aniani alabata ua lawa holo, naʻe ia puhi koke i ka laau. No ka mea, o keia, ma ka hapalua like-1870s ma kukui nakalyvaniya hoʻoholo e kau i kekahi kea. Ua hoi hou ke inventors i ka piʻo. Ka mea, ua laila Paul ikea bullseye ia.

uila kukui

Eia naʻe, ua e i ike i kona invented i ke kukui. Paha ka manaʻo o ka mea, hele mai la ia Paulo, waiho wale aku me ka regulators hoonoho ia piʻo kukui. No ka mea manawa mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o nā aeaciui ai ia i ua hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o ka huakaʻi (kūikawā huakaʻi, a ukali ma ka Crimea me ka Tsar Alexander II). Paha piʻo manu, anapu koke wawahi mai i loko o kona o Nuioka ma, pauhia i loko o ka uhane. Aia ka he moolelo i loko o ka Paris cafe Yablochkov accidentally i elua peniʻaoʻao ma kaʻaoʻao ma ka papa. A laila ka mea, aoʻana aʻe ma luna iaʻu: au aʻole 'oe i kekahi mea e huki pu! E nā uila aʻa lolo mea e hiki mai ana, ma hope o ke kaula hō'ā insulator,'ā ma ka piʻo ua hoopaa iho ai mawaena o lakou. Penei,ʻo nā uila aʻa lolo, e kuni i ka mea a hoopokole i ka mea ia manawa! E like me ka mea, e olelo aku nei, a pau maikaʻi loa - pololei.

Like ke kukui Yablochkov naʻi ke ao nei

Yablochkov kukui ma luna o ka mea ua maoli poe noonoo ole. A me keia i kona pono nui. Dealers mai e ike i ka 'ike loea hou ua loaʻa i kona manaʻo. Ia mea ke kumu ke kukui Yablochkov me ka launaʻole wikiwiki i naʻi ke ao nei. Kona mua h ÷ ike i paʻa i loko o ke kupulau o 1876 ma Lākana. Paulo, ka mea i nei pakele mai ka aie, hoi aku la a hiki i Paris ua, ua ike i na inventors. Kai Eʻe hana Sila Nui o ia mea, malaila nei.

kūikawā hola, ua hookumuia ia, a hua mai la 8 tausani. ihoiho ma ka kela la i keia manawa. Ka mea, lilo ka Kahiāuli Ho'ā o Paris ka kaulana pōʻeleʻele loa, a hotel, he i loko o racetrack a me ke keaka mele, ka awa ma Le Havre. Lei kukui iʻikeʻia ma luna o Opera alanui - kekahi 'ano kūkaʻi hoikeia, he maoli poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo. Ma kela kanaka keia kanaka i ka lehelehe, ua "Lūkini honua". Ka mea, mahalo i kekahi o na palapala P. I. Chaykovsky. Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev kekahi palapala aku, mai Paris i kona kaikaina, i Paul Yablochkov invented i kekahi mea loa hou i loko o ke kau iho. Paulo hoʻokiʻekiʻe ka olelo hope i ka uila maluna o ka honua no ka mea, o ka mea Palani kapikala a me ka hele ana i ka pā hale o ke alii o Cambodia a me ke Shah o Peresia, aʻaʻole hope versa - mai Amerika a hiki i Paris, i koi.

"Ia'na" ihoiho

Kupaianaha mea ia i ka mōʻaukala o ka 'epekema! Ka holoʻokoʻa uila kau iho o ko ke ao nei, alai ae ia e P. N. Yablochkovym ma kahi o elima makahiki triumphantly hoʻoneʻe, ma ka mea, ma ka futile, ka hewa ala. Loa lōʻihi ka loihi o ihoiho hoʻolauleʻa, e like me kālā kuokoa Yablochkov. Kukui ole wale "mae", akā, ua hiki ole ke ku i ka Competition me ka incandescent mau ipuʻaila. Hoʻokumu i kēia nui he leo mea a pau. Kēia ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka luminous wahi i loko o ka'ā kaʻina hana, a me ka fragility.

O ka holo ana, i ka hana o Swann, Lodygina, Maxim, Edison a me nā inventors Nernst incandescent kukui, ma ka huli, i ole koke ua hoomaopopoia kekahi kanaka i loko o kona pomaikai. Auer i ka 1891, e kau i kona chap ma ke kinoea puhiʻino. Kēia chap maoli i ka olinolino o ka hope. Oia laila, loaʻa i ua hihia ma ka mana hoʻoholo ihola e puku i ke kinoea hoʻouka kekahi pila nui kukui. Eia naʻe, ma ka ola o Paulo Nikolayevich ka mea, ua maopopo i ke kukui invented ia Ka Ho 'Oponopono. He aha ka ke kumu i ua paa kākauʻia i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka 'epekema i ka inoa o ka mea nāna i hana o ka "Lūkini ao nei" a hiki i ka makana lā, a no ka oi ma mua o ke kenekulia hoʻopuniʻia e ka mahalo a me ka hoomaikai?

Meaning hana mea hou i hana muaʻole Yablochkov

Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich mua apono ia i loko o nā manaʻo o ka malamalama ka pila. Ke kukui, i wale i nehinei ua nui loa pohihihi keia, i keia la a kokoke i ke kanaka oki ia e keʻano o ka huakaʻi i ke kai mana, e hoomaopopo mai ia kanaka o ko lākou hauʻoli wā e hiki mai. Ke kai, a he oiaio, ua pōkole mōʻaukala o keia hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ka pilina i ka pāʻoihana o na mea he nui ua e pilikia i 'alo i ka' ike loea hou ana o ka manawa.

Ka hou Kawaihae o Paulo Nikolayevich Yablochkov

Paulo i noho ai he pōkole ke ola, i ua ole hauʻoli loa. Ma hope o Paul Yablochkov invented kona ke kukui, oia hana nui paakiki ma ko makou aina, a me kahi e. Naʻe, i kekahi o kona poe mahope e piʻi like ka mea, i loli nui ai i ka holomua o ka 'ike loea, me kona mau kukui. He nui na hana o Paulo i ma ka hanaia'na o ka mua uila log ma ko makou aina i kapaia o "uila". He hoʻomaka 'ana mai me ka 1880 hou, March 21, heluhelu 1879 Paulo i ka olelo ma uila kau iho i loko o ka Russian E noa ka Society. He Ua hookoia i ka mekala o ka Society no kona e piʻi like. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau hōʻailona puʻupaʻa, ua lawa ia Paulo Nikolayevich Yablochkov i haawi mai pono hana ana. Ke inventorʻike ihola ia i loko o nā degere he Rusia 1880 iki laulā no ka hoʻokō 'ana o kona oaoieei-manaʻo. Kekahi o ia mau mea i ka-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka uila kaa, a i kukuluia Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich. Pōkole Kawaihae no ia hou kaulana i ka neʻe aku iā Paris. A hiki ia i hoi aku la ilaila i ka 1880, oia kuai lilo aku la i ka iaoaioa i ka dynamo, a laila, hoomaka hoomakaukau iho no, paa no ka manawa e komo i loko o ka World electrotechnical exhibition mua. Kona weheʻana i hoʻopaʻa 'no ka makahiki 1881. Mua keia makahiki, oia hoolilo ia ia iho loa i ka manao Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich.

Pōkole Kawaihae o ke nä känaka 'epekema hele e Yablochkov hana mea hou i hana muaʻole ma ka exhibition i ka makahiki 1881,ʻo ia loaa i ka lani kiekie loa ia nā kumu kāki. Ka mea ku i ka hoʻomaopopo pono a me ka mai o Competition. Kona mana ua kiʻekiʻe, a me Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich lilo i lâlâ o ka lahui jure, kona hana ua e nānā i nā ho'āʻoʻia, a me ka olelo hooholo e ia nā kumu kāki i ka waiwai pio:. Ua pono e olelo mai i keia loa exhibition ua lilo ka lanakila o ka incandescent kukui. Mai ia manawa, he uila hunaahi ua kiʻekiʻe e hoomaka ana e droop.

Ma mahope makahiki Yablochkov hoʻomaka 'hana ana ma luna o electrochemical keena a me dynamo - pila nui mīkini hana wāwahie. Ke ala i loko o a Paulo i loko o nā hana, ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i loko o mākou manawa. Successes mea iʻelele i ke au hou i loko o uila wilikî. Yablochkov aole loa hoi i ka malamalama kumu. Ma mahope makahiki, oia invented kekahi mau uila hi, a loaa Sila Nui ma luna o lākou.

Ka hope makahiki o ke ola ana o ka inventor

I ka manawa mai ka makahiki 1881 a hiki i 1893 Yablochkov lawe mai i kona ike maopopo ana i loko o ka pilikia mea keia, ana hana. He noho ma Paris, loa ka nohoaliʻi ana i na pilikia o ka 'epekema. Nä känaka 'epekema experimenting skillfully, pili i ka hailona o ka palapala manaʻo i loko o kā lākou hana, e hele ana i loko o unexpected a me ka i hoakaka lea maiʻaoʻao. O ka holo ana, ia ua mua o ka moku'āina o ke akamai, 'epekema a me ka hana i ka manawa. Ka Naita me ia, i mai ai i ka ho okolohua i loko o kona keʻena hoʻokolohua, kokoke loaʻa i ke ola ana o Paulo Nikolayevich. Paʻa hoʻopilikia o kālā kulana, e like me ka naau maʻi, a pau holo - i keia ke olonā wāwae o nā koa o ka inventor. Ma hope o ka he umikumamakolu-makahiki wa e kaawale aku, ua hoʻoholo e hoʻi i ko lākou'āina.

Paulo, hele akula ia Rusia ma July 1893, akā, lilo loa ka maʻi koke ma hope o kona ana. He loaʻa i loko o kona waiwai a pau i ka holo aina i hiki ole manaʻolana e hoʻoikaika i ko lākou kālā kulana. Together me kana wahine a me ke keiki a Paulo i noho ai i loko o Saratov hokele. He hoomau i kona ike maopopo ana a hiki i ka wa a ka poe mai a me ka nele.

Yablochkov Paulo Nikolaevich, i ka puka o ka i ua paa kākauʻia i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka 'epekema, make o ka naau maʻi ma ka makahiki o ka 47 makahiki (i ka 1894), i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Saratov. Kona manaʻo a me nā hana o ko mākou motherland poʻe haʻaheo.