Pavlovsk Museum-Reserve: Hawaii, kiʻi

'O kēia kekahi o ka loa kaulana hale kula o ko mākou'ākau kulanakauhale alii. Kela a me keia makahiki na tausani o ka iauaeoia oo? Ecia e hele mai i Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Pavlovsk,ʻo ole wale mākou compatriots, hoaʻai akā, no hoi, mai kahi'ē. A i ole kumu: aole he mea e ike.

The State Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Rusia): History

Ka loa mua hooponopono ma luna o kēia mau 'āina iʻikeʻia i loko o ka waena o ka XIII kenekulia. Ua ua i ka pā kaua "Town ma Slavyanka". Ma ka XVIII kenekulia, ua Pinilana kauhale Seppel a me Lynn. Empress Ana ka Nui, e hoʻopaʻi ana naʻe i ke kokoke Tsarskoye Selo, hele mai e imi iʻaneʻi. No ka mea, o kona mau wahi i kūkulu mau laau hale a me na inoa - Krak a me Crick. Ka mua kekahi puhi ia ka manawa o ke Kaua Honua 'Elua, ka wā i ke kulanakauhale i ku ma na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, a me ka lua ma muli o ka dilapidation i dismantled i ka 1929.

Ma December 1777 Ana II i ka aina (362 eka) a me nā kauhale a pau a me na kanaka o ke keiki - Paulo Petrovich a me kana wahine Maria Feodorovna ma hope o ka hanau ana o ko lākou mau keiki mua - ka wā e hiki mai Russian Emperor Alexander I.

A makahiki hope (ma 1778) malaila i kūkuluʻia nāʻano uku nui o ka hale - Paullust a me Mariental. Nui ma hope ma ka paena ka mea i kūkuluʻia Paullust Pavlovsk Palace, he wahi Mariental i Bip pā kaua.

Paul i ka 1786 i hoomaka ai e kūkulu i ka Pavlovsk Palace. Project mea kākau ua Charles Kailee. Ma ka haule ana o ka 1796 , au o Paulo hooili i ke kūlana o ke kaona kauhale. I ka 1788, o ka Emperor, ka mea i mua pinepine ia i loko o Gatchina, haawi mai la i ka waiwai o Maria Feodorovna - kana wahine.

I ka 1801, i ka Auguseto ka make ma hope, Maria Feodorovna noho i loko o ka hale e kū ana ma ka mehana wa pono. Ua ka hale aliʻi, a me ka paka mālama nui kihi pili me kona inoa. No ka laʻana, he mahinaʻai a me ka kaʻawaleʻoi loa a pink halelewa. Ma mua o ke kaua o 1812 i ka oihana luna o ke kulanakauhale i lilo kaʻao Petr Ivanovich Bagration.

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Maria Feodorovna (1828) Pavlovsk lilo i ka waiwai o ka Luna Nui Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, ke kaikaina o Rotehama I. I kēia manawa, Pavlovsk ua 'Imi kukuluia, a hoʻolako pono me ke kālā pono: Eleninskaya hapaha i kūkulu, hoʻonohonoho' ia ma ka Alexander kula ma i aʻo keiki, a me ka waenakonu papa o ka poʻe kālepa, a me ka orphanage.

I ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia, i ke kulanakauhale o Pavlovsk lilo i ka piko o ka wahine moʻomeheu: ua he kaulana mele wahi. Ma kēlā mau makahiki, he pinepine nui kaulana i ka haku mele a me nā mele. Mai ia manawa, Pavlovsk i waeʻia e mala.

Ma hope o ka 1917 kipi , i Kapa hou i ke kulanakauhale ma Slutsk. No laila, ka mea i kapaʻia a hiki i ka makahiki 1944. I World War II Pavlovsk i noho ma ka Nazi poʻe kaua. Dvorets Pavla i ka hee ana o ka ke Kelemānia a puhi iho la, a ua kuaʻia i loko o ka paka i ka hana oi ma mua o 60,000 kānaka laau. Ua anaiia waiwai mōʻaukala a me ka kuhikuhipuʻuone kia hoʻomanaʻo i.

Ua hoi hou i ka mōʻaukala inoa o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o ka makahiki 1944. Ma hope o ke kaua ka mea i hooholoia e hoonoho i ka hoihoi hou ana. Ua hiki i 1973.

I ka 1989 Pavlovsk i komo i loko o ka UNESCO'āina hoʻoili List. I kēia lā, 42 o ke koena o ka mea i malama ia ma ka moku'āina a me ka mea i ka moʻomeheu a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i mōʻaukala. Pavlovsk - he? Enoneiai oaio, a ua kipa makahiki e oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka miliona kanaka.

Pavlovsk Palace

Museum-Reserve Pavlovsk (Rusia), iauaeoia oo? Ecia e, e aʻo mai i kēia gulaʻoki a me keʻokeʻo hale hoomaka ana. Ua Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o nā kapa o ka muliwai Slavyanka ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone kaulana Charles Kailee ma ka XVIII kenekulia. Pavlovsk Palace Ua hiki mai anywhere i loko o ke kūlanakauhale, a me ka paka. Yoa? Iiai Central kino ai kainuʻu pūʻia kekahi i lalo Dome 64 hoʻouka kekahi ma luna o nā kolamu. keʻena ma colonnade e pili ana i ke kikowaena hale me ka hooponopono hale. Mau hana i ka pā hale me ka horseshoe shape.

I ka wa i hele mai ai i ka noho aliʻi, Paul I, Pavlovsk i kauoha aku hai aku i ka'āina imperial noho. I ka pau ana o ka XVIII kenekulia ma ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone i lawe mai V. Brenna e? Anoe i ka pā kaua.

Ma luna o ka oihana kino, he lua o ka palaoa i kukuluia. Ka mea, kukulu iho la i kekahi mau semicircular'ēheu, a i kokoke paa hou mai la ka pā hale. More ma kekahi papahele o ka gale ala colonnade. Waho aʻeo kēia mau loli, ke kikowaena kukulu ana o ka hale i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea i loko o ka hoʻomanaʻo. He oi aku ka lokomaikai a me ka nui.

Hiʻona o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone

C. Kailee Koho ka papa kuhikuhiE hehee ai hoanmike keʻokeʻo kolamu. Ka mea, hoʻonaniʻia nā facades o ka papa hale, ka mea hana i ka nui foxmike gale, maluhia kākoʻo i ka Dome. Mea e pakuʻi ai i ka iniiaiie ua'omoʻomoʻia hoa i koho lahilahi lau acanthus frieze, i hoopuni ai ia i ka pā, e like me ka pono me ekolu o ka medallion me ka bas-kokua kiʻi kaula allegorical kiʻi, kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka pena i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea helehelena.

Puhi iho kukulu hale Brenna hoʻonaniʻia me ka stucco moldings - pāpale aliʻi a me nā monograms hale nona. Wale nō ma nā wēlau o nā'ēheu ua hoʻokumu 'portals oia hoi o ka hao kolamu. Ka mea, he e wehe i ka puka ma ka parade lepo. Kēia compositional pāʻoihana 'ae' e kuhikihi hou a me ka mea kahiko hale i loko o ka hoʻokahi Kanakaʻole.

Ka hale i loko o ka XIX kenekulia

Nā kānaka kuhikuhipuʻuone. Quarenghi a me Voronihin John i ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia pau ka manao ana o ka hale mea helehelena. I keia manawa, ua he kinikini lanai me ka lānai balustrades. I ka 1807, P. Gonzaga uhi kekahi paia o ke gale a me frescoes. Ua hōʻike i nā arcades a anuunuu monumental hale. Kēia gale ua komo i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Lūkini kuhikuhipuʻuone kapa gale Gonzaga. Ke kaulana Carlo Rossi i ka 1822 memo ma luna o kona waihona me ka palapala e pio mai puka makani. iho o ka hoonohoia'na therebetween busts poe akeakamai.

Pridvortsovy pāka

Ka haku o keia wahi kū hoʻokahi aieai hoomaka ma ka 1780 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale i kapaʻia Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve keia mea he nani mamuli o ka panorama oe. An invaluable kūlana ma ke kahua o ka Pavlovsk Ensemble pâʻani kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Charles Kailee. He hana i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1782 a hiki i 1807 papahana i i kukuluia na halelewa a me colonnade o Apollo, Grand Cascade, ke kolamu "Hopena o ka Honua". Ma kona mau Nails i kahikoia i ka paka Kentavrovym, humpback a me ka Black Bridge.

Loa like ma ka paka komo maalea i loko o ke kūlanakauhale e like Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve (aho paha e olelo, hapa o ka paka) ua manawa ku ma ke kulanakauhale o ka hale, no laila, ia ia i loko o ke keena ino i o ka Slavyanka kokoke hoʻohuiʻia me ke kūlanakauhale. Kona alo hapa kŰlń ao a hiki i ka puni laau ooi.

Laau kanu ai i loko o ka paka, no laila, ua ke Kula Uku Garden a me eheu o ka pā kaua, ua kokokeʻike makaʻole. Loa maikai nānā mai Colonnade ma ka hale aliʻi puni pūʻulu o ka laau.

ponoi māla

Ma nā iauaeoia oo? Ecia e uku ana i ka Pavlovsk Museum-Reserveʻo ia i ka manaʻo nui. Kekahi o ka loa nani loa o Pavlovsk Park ua hoʻomano manao me ke Kula Uku Garden. Ua Ua Aia ma ka Pavlovsk Palace, e pili ana i na keena o ka Empress Maria Feodorovna. Au e olelo aku i ka mea, ua nui, haohao o loko o ka pua, a me ka mea, ua hiki ke ohi i ka nui loa ohi ana o ia mau mea.

Kekahi mahinaai i loko o ke kaila o ka liʻiliʻi Hōlani a me ka 'ōlelo Palani na kihapai, a me ka mahina i loko o ka pāka. Kanaka i ka ?? eoi? Ua i ae, i ka mahinaʻai i kekahi wahi o ke koena o ka hale kaua. Ma ka hemaʻaoʻao o ke kihapai, ma ka oa ?? kiʻekiʻe, au i aloha ai e hana ana i Paul I.

He nui pohihihi keia mea kanu i kanuʻia i loko o ka mahinaʻai. Ka mea, ua pua i nā noke, kekahi ma hope o kekahi. Ke kīhāpai i ka lua o ka inoa - "Temple o Flora".

Mausoleum o Paul I

Kekahi attraction, i hoʻolaha Pavlovsk. Museum-Reserve i loko o ka pāka mea he mea kupaianaha kia - ka Ilina o Paul I. It mea i ka hale kupapau o ka Auguseto. kanu Paul I, i loko o St. Petersburg ma ka la o Petero a me Paul Hale Pule Nui.

Ma ka palapala i ka Dowager Empress kahea aku ia "he kia hoʻomanaʻo" a ma ka aelike me ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Carlo Visconti,ʻo ia i helu i ka "luakini". Kona manawa inoa - ka Mausoleum o Paul I, a me Mausoleum o ka wahine-he poe hana lokomaikai. Kēia hale - he i ka waiwai auhau i ka Auguseto ma kana wahine.

Nā manaʻo o ka hamama-ea iau

hiki ke ho'ākāka 'ia ma Reviews o ka Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk" (Rusia) like penei: nā mea a pau, e kipa i kēia wahi mea kupaianaha kamailio e pili ana i ao alohilohi i nā manaʻo mai o ka huakaʻi. Malihini, e hoailona oukou ia ia, hoʻowahāwahā i ka poe uuku a nui o ka pā kaua, ka mea, ua luku mai i loko o kona hiehie a me ka richness o ka mea hoʻonani. Like no ka paka, inā loaʻa i nā malihini a pau haha loa hoʻomaha: no ka nani ano, pono-groomed alleys, aahu pua a pilikino mala e calming.