Pehea e hoʻomaulia i sociometric kūlana?

'Ana i kūpono, i? Ac? E Dzhekob Levi Moreno, hoʻohana' ia no kaʻike, o ka intergroup a me interpersonal ka pili ma, ka mea hiki ke kōkua i sociometric kūlana haʻahaʻa, e hoʻololi, hoʻoikaika 'ana a me ka hoʻoikaika' ana i kēia mau hoahanau. Sociometry pū mākou e leie aku e noiʻi i ka typology o ka hana ana o kanaka ma ka hui, e hoʻoponopono i ka nohona a me ka manaʻoʻike hoʻokaulike ana o kanaka ma ka hui hope.

Noke ole io sociometric kūlana - i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka kāna moʻolelo, i ka hapa o ka sociometric 'ole a me ka ninoaaeyao malaila i kekahi māheleʻoihana (ole - locus). Kēia 'o ia hoʻi e kālailai i ka nui o kāu mau koho a me rejections o ka wahine paha, i loaa mai, mai na kanaka a puni ia. I ka hui 'ole ka waiwai i haawiia mai ai i kēlā me kēia hehee ai, akā, e ka loa haoʻa, a pela no ka mau Ikepili o kēlā me kēia no ua anaia mai ka manawa, a denoted ma ka helu. 'O kēia ka' inideka o sociometric kūlana. Ua haawiia mai i ka ho omaulia laʻana i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Nä Pahuhopu sociometry

sociometric ana i ke kaʻina hana kōkua, e kuhikuhi i ke degere o ka dissociation, a kū pūʻuoʻuo i loko o ka hui, a, e hooholo i ke kulana ma ke ano sociometric hiʻohiʻona ka mana ma luna o ka muli o Likes a me ka makemakeʻole i nā. Penei, a me ka mea ma kekahi mau auamo o na kanaka, ka poe i, ua haawi sociometric kūlana haʻahaʻa, e like me ke alakaʻi 'ole e lilo loa. Eia hou, i loko o ka pae 'oe makemake e ike i ka subsystem, rallied kekahi hoʻonaʻauao, a hoi i pono e lākou ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa alakaʻi. Hana ma lalo o kēia kumumanaʻo kōkua i ka e ana o ka luna o ka mana - a me ka olelo a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, i lailaʻaumākua a ma nâ hui ana o kanaka, e emi hoʻopilikia i loko o ka hui, a ua kauoha ae la ma kekahi mau hookae ana o kanaka, pinepine ae.

Sociometric kūlana me ka nānā 'ana kekahi i kūpono, lawe mai i ka pae. Ia, aole ia e lawe loa, pau loa i ka hapaha o ka hora, akā, e lawe mai i ka puu o ka pomaikai. No maikaiʻano hana i loko o noi noiʻi, a ua hana i ka hana o ka hoahanau.

Kukuluia'na o sociometric kūlana haʻahaʻa 'aʻole i manaʻo i nā pilikia e e Wehewehe i nā hāʻina i ka pō, a papa, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole'ano'ēʻaoʻao o ka wehe ana i ke kūʻai-voltages. A me ke kumu o ia mea e pono e nana nui malalo ia,ʻaʻole ma nā Likes kanaka a me ka makemakeʻole i nā ana o ka like. Hana i kēia mau pilikia nui oi loa-i hūnāʻia kumu. Pono sociometric ke kaʻina hana no hilinaʻi nui kuhikuhi ma ka kūlike loa koho ana hoʻohālike a me na dictates o lākou? Ia? Aiiu o? Anoee, a me ka ka mua me na hoalauna me ka i Kekahi Mau 'o ka pilina i loko o ka hui.

sociometric ke kaʻina hana no

Ke mau noaia o ka hana e like penei: Akahi, kau i ka study o ka pilikia, a koho, e kaha mea, a laila formulate hypotheses a me nā mea i ho'ākāka 'ia ma nā ana hoʻohālike no ke ana ana i kēlā me kēia pae lālā. Anonymity sociometric ke kaʻina hana no ka i hoikeia mai, mai loko o keia hihia i ke ana e ae i ke kakali ana i hopena. kanaka noiʻi koi, e hōʻike aku i ko lakou Likes a me ka makemakeʻole i nā loko o pau, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e hoopiha i na mea he nui o na nā mea i paneʻia e ole wale na pilikia, akā, i kaʻoi lakou makemake ole e komo 'ana i loko o kēia manaʻo.

Mau mea i nā hiʻona o ka sociometric kūlana o ke kulanui-makahiki hoolohe, mai schoolchildren. Eia ka mea i pono, e hana i kekahi ano o ka pepa, a kākau i ka koho nīnau a me nā ana hoʻohālike, ole e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hālāwai ninaninau anamanaʻo type hōʻike waha. I ka la mahope Ua maopopo pono hoʻomākaukau ina ke ao ua hoʻonohonoho e ana i ka sociometric kūlana i loko o ka poʻe.

Ke kauoha o ke anamanaʻo

Nīnau maila ia e kela a me keia lala o ka pae, koho, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka inclinations o kekahi classmates, kiʻekiʻe ia ma ka makemake i loko e like me na mea e ae. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE ana - kā lākou mau Likes a me ka makemakeʻole i nā, nele o ka wiwo ole, a me ka paulele, a no laila, ma luna o. E e koho ninaninau 'ana i laila, i nā hiki e ia maʻalahi e huai ae i ka lākiō o kekahi i ka kekahi, a hiki i ka alihi kaua, me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa alakaʻi, i ka mea a ka artist no kekahi kumu, aole ia eʻae. Ke experimenter heluhelu mau nīnau ma lalo o ka palapala o ka) a me ka b), a laila, i ka respondent, oia ke kuhikuhi. Ka mea, e kākau i kā lākou mau papa helu ekolu inoa.

Ma lalo o ka huahelu mua - he kanaka nana e koho i loko o ka wahi mua, ma lalo o ka lua - he kanaka nana e koho ina i mua a me ke kolu o ka mea, he - i ka mea nana e lawe i ka wahi, mai ole ia i ka mua elua. Ka ninaninau 'ana ma lalo o ka palapala hiki ke i mai me kou makemake, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pilikia. No ka laʻana, ina ka ana hiʻona o ka sociometric kūlana o ke kulanui-makahiki keiki, ka mea hiki e:

• A no ka poʻe mālama moku i, oe makemake e noi, e kōkua hoomakaukau ai no ka hōʻike? (First inoa, ka lua, ke kolu).
• A kekahi o na hoa 'oe makemake i makemake i loko o ka pūʻulu makemake i ke noi no ka mea, a hiki ma ka hihia o ka pilikia? (A - o ka mua i kapaia, ka lua a me ke kolu).

la'ana nīnau

E imi mai ana sociometric kūlana haʻahaʻa hoʻopili like i ka maʻamau pāʻoihana ana, Pono nīnūnē e ia i kekahi mau mea okoa:

• Me ka mea a makemake 'oe makemake e hele ma ka lōʻihi pāʻoihana huakai?
• Me ka mea a makemake 'oe makemake e hele i ka huakai loa?

Apana koho:

• ʻO wai, ma kou manao, e pono hooko i ka mana Shop kuene, 'elemakule' ole 'ē aʻe hoʻokuhikuhi?
• ʻO wai, ma kou manao, ka mea e e paakiki i ka hana o ka hoʻokuhikuhi e hana?

A no laila, ma luna o. Ka ninaninau 'ana e e loa ai pololei, akā, ka mea, he mama, e hai aku i ka makemake i waeia.

Ma ka mea no hoi i ka sociometric kūlana o ke kula ia kekahi, e makaikai i a me ka pili ma ka pae. Ka ninaninau 'ana i i ma ka ia rula, akā, i loko o nā palena o ke kumuhana. No kekahi laʻana:

• Owai la ka mea makemake oe paipai aku i loko o ka pilikia kulana, ina eia kahi mea akaka i loko o kou kino ola?
• ʻO wai ka mea, mai ka pae 'oe makemake i ka leka uila i kekahi i kekahi o ka' Aha, aole hoi no ka mea kumu?

ʻO kēia mau nīnau:

• Me ka mea a makemake 'oe makemake e kaʻana like i ke keʻena i loko o ka hokele kaʻahele?
• Inā i hana hou i kou pae, ka mea i makemake 'oe makemake e ike i ka mea hou hui?

A me kekahi koho:

• Owai la ka mea makemake e kii ai i ka ahaaina, no ka laʻana, no koʻu lā hānau?
• Kekahi kanaka i loko o kou pae 'oe makemake e ma kou lā hānau makemake i makemake e ike i?

E hoʻokūpaʻa i ka pololei o na pane, ua study hiki ke lawe mai i kekahi a me ka ia pūʻulu oi ma mua o kahi hoʻokahi, wale nō me nā nīnūnē.

nonparametric shape

Palena sociometric kūlana manao loa shaky, ina oe e hoʻohana i ka mua, ole-parametric ano o ka noiʻi. Naʻe, ka mea e kokua ia e loaʻa i loko o nā lālā o ka pūʻulu ano keia ano o ka 'ehaʻeha o expansiveness, kiʻi i ka oki ana i ka hui' ole i loko o ka likeʻole ma o interpersonal pili. No ka mea, Ua pono no hoi no ka mea, ua loa pinepine hoʻohana i ka hoʻomaka o ke ao, a laila, e lilo maʻa e anamanaʻo oi candid ke kime. Hou, keia iaoia mea maikai wale no ka liʻiliʻi, a ina ka mea, ua oi ma mua o ke kakini kanaka, e pono kamepiula 'ike loea hou, e hoʻomaulia i ka hopena. I ka rula o keia ao. Kēlā me kēia kumuhana e ō mai ninau pepa me ke kaupalenaʻana i waeia. Inā ka mea, like ewalu o eiwa (eiwa -ʻo ia iā ia iho), oia inscribes lākou mau inoa kekahi e kekahi. (Kekahi, o ka oi aku huna nae, palapala alphabetically a hoola ka inika, ka wehe 'i ka "hōʻalo no a pau!")

Theoretically e hiki helu o koho i ma kela a me keia lala o ka hui, e ia (N-1), kahi N - helu ana o kanaka ma ka pae. A me kēlā me kēiaʻahahui ke koho i ka ia (N-1) ka helu o ka manawa. Kēia kumukuai mea, ma ke ala, ua mau ka papa kuhikuhiE laupaʻi ikaika a pau sociometric ana. Akā, nonparametric ke kaʻina hana no hana ka mea kū hoʻokahi no ke kumuhana, a me ke koho i ka'ikamu. No hoi, ia mea he nui keakea ua paha, e kiʻi i kekahi kaulele koho. Hauʻoli no a pau ka apuepue maoli i loko o ia he undifferentiated amorphous nenoaiie o ka launa me ka 'ē aʻe. Loa - hōʻike i ka olelo makee, aʻae nō hoʻi disingenuous. I mea no ke aha la noiʻi ua loli ke ano o ke kaʻina hana, a pela hoemi ia i ka pakeneka o ka pahiki o kaulele wae, Mahele sociometric you.

parametric ke kaʻina hana no

Ma ka lua oʻano kaupalena 'helu o ke koho. No ka laʻana, lala hiki wale ke kapaia he pololei paʻa helu o nā inoa. Inā he hui he iwakalua kanaka, kela mea keia mea noi e koho, no kekahi laʻana, wale eha a elima mau ohana. Keia kanawai ua kapaia kali koho a sociometric i kaupalena ', a me ka mea pono e mai la oia i ua mahuahua nunui o kaʻikepili pono, ka poʻe e pono ai ke ana helu aaioee o ka loaa mea. Na kanaka i oi lehulehu i ka pane a psychologically haha kuleana no lākou mau koho, a no ia mea, aneane aole hoomahui pu, wale kela poe kanaka, ka poe hui i loko o lākou ka hōʻike o ka i manaoia pelekikena a maoli 'ana i kumumanaʻo - ke kākoʻo'-poe hana, he alakaʻi 'ole hoalawepu.

No hoi, oi kūlike loa 'ana e haʻalele a me ka io sociometric you. ke koho kaupalena ua hoemiia ka pahiki o ka huikau ka pane i aneane Aʻohe, a no hoi e kokua i ka standardize noiʻi ana, a hiki ina ka pae i loko o ka hoʻokahi hāpana iʻokoʻa helu. A pau i kēia mea e hiki ke hoohalike kekahi mau hui o nā mea. Ano ka mea, ua ea ae ia ma ka pūʻulu o i ka iwakalua-kumamalima palena iki cia sociometric kapu pono e eha a elima ke koho.

kūlanaʻano

Ka nui koena unuhi o ka lua oʻano, mai ke kaʻina hana mua o ia sociometric a eia i (N-1) i e waiho i loko o ka'ōnaehana loaa wale koho - he lâlâ o ka pae. System hoolei i ke koho - ma kekahi hou aku i komo i loko o ka pūʻulu - ana hoʻohana 'ana i ka hou nā loina - n, a' o ia hoʻi sociometric kapu. Manawa i kona hoike, e mea hiki ke standardize a pau i ka mawaho olelo o ka ke koho ana i waena o nā pūʻulu o okoa nui like 'ole. I ka waiwai o ka b me ka nānā 'pono ka ia no nā pūʻulu o ke kohoʻana i ka moʻolelo kaulele pahiki. E hooholo i ka pahiki ia he mea he haʻilula: P (A) = D / (N-1). Eia, P o ka pahiki o huikau ka hanana, (A) - sociometric i waeʻia, a me N - i ka helu o ka pae lālā.

IeAUPIIe, IAa IO P (A) ua wae ka hola 0.20-0.30, a hookomoia mau aiee i loko o ka luna haʻilula e hooholo n (a me ka waiwai o N ua ike ia mai), ua loaa ka makemake helu nui sociometric kapu i loko o kēia hui. Keakea o keia ina hana o kekahi i loaʻa: he mea hiki ole ke ike i ke 'ano o ka pili ma loko o ka hui, hōʻike wale subjectively nui nā loulou e lewa wale i ka poe i waeia, ka typical kamaʻilio, a me ka pau' ole o kēia pae uaʻaʻole maopopo hōʻike. Sociometric kapu 'Aʻole e hōʻike i loka expansive me kēia haumāna.

sociometric kāleka

A Profile kāleka no sociometric haʻawina i houluuluia ano, ma ke kahua o ka hope loa? Acaeoey o kēia polokalamu. E hoopiha mai ana mai ke kāleka, kēlā aku i komo i loko o ke anamanaʻo pane e wehewehe i ko lakou iho e pili ana i ke koena o ka pae ma kekahi mau ana hoʻohālike - ka pāʻoihana olelo hooholo mau hana, lōkahi, lealea, a no laila, ma luna o. Ana hoʻohālike e kaukaʻi loa ma ka manao ana o ke ao a me ka hahai ana i ka polokalamu,ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka mea, o ke kumuhana: ka pilina i loko o ka wa kaawale, pae, a ma ka? Iecaianoaaiiie hui, eii? Hui, a me ia mea pokole, a no laila, ma luna o.

I ka papaʻaina i haawi mai i ka He kokekau wale ka maʻiʻo o ia kāleka.

i ka ho omaulia i nā hualoaʻa

Ma hope o ka pepa i ohi, hoʻomaka makemakikaʻikepili aaioee, a no laila, pono e ma ka liʻiliʻi loa iki hōʻike mai ana i ka hoʻomaulia sociometric kūlana. Ua hiki ke hana i ka ekolu aoao - indeksologicheskim, mea kiʻi a me ka tabular. Hope wehewehe aku ma ka mea a pau i hoopihaia kaawale nā hualoaʻa no ka pilikino a me ka pāʻoihana ka pili ma. Vertical mea he papa o ka inoa i loko o ke kolamu mua, a horizontally ku pono ana i kēlā me kēia - na kii: + 1, + 2, + 3, etc. Pili ia i ka poe i ua koho e like me ka mea mua, ka lua, a no laila, ma luna o nā mea a pau, a me -1, -2, -3, etc. - ka poe i ole koho ia i loko o ka mea mua, ka lua, a me ka hiki mai ana. Panai o ka maikaʻi a me ka io koho i loko o ka papaʻaina i hoopuniia kaiapili (ke kaʻina, 'aʻole i manaʻo).

Ma hope o ka pau ana o keia hana ma ka vertical pōpilikia ka algebraic huina o nā mea a pau i loaa mai i ke koho ma kēlā me kēia aku i komo. A laila, pōpilikia no kēlā me kēia heluʻai. It E e kaʻikaʻiʻia ma ka manaʻo i ka mua kahua o ke koho +3 a -3, i ka lua o ka +2 a -2, a no laila, ma luna o. A ua haʻalele i ka hope - e hoʻomaulia i ka huina algebraic huina, wā i ke kumuhana o sociometric kūlana ma ka pae.

sociometric indexes

Maanei mākou pono maopopo ma waena o ka mea pilikino a me ka pae 'inideka o sociometric kūlana. Kumu i ka ho omaulia hōʻike i ka mua hōʻike ana i ke kanaka lawelawe a me ka manaʻoʻike waiwai o ke kumuhana me he lālā o ka hui, a me ka lua o ka laulā möakäka hou i nā 'ano o ka holoʻokoʻa hoʻonohonohoʻia o sociometric i waeʻia i loko o ka pae, hōʻike no ka waiwai o ka' ōlelo hale. No ka laʻana, ina o ka haumāna Ivanov loaa i ka poʻe uʻi a mua o ka classmate Petrov, Sidorov, a loaa mai ia ia i ka lua o ka maikai loa, e hoonoho i ka lakou mau laina pepa i loko o ka lakou mau kolamu, i ka AYEIE huahelu. Inā i makemake nui ma mua o kekahi 'ē aʻe Ivanov Petrov, i ka mea, i ka poʻe uʻi a ua manao lokahi, ua mau kii pono i ka hoa kanaka.

Ma ka lalo o ka'ōpū mai he pōpilikia i ka helu ana o ke koho ana i ua Ivanov a me Petrov a me Sidorov. Next - upena hōʻailona helu, hoʻomaulia sociometric kūlana o kēlā me kēia haumāna. Haʻilula hoʻokahi ma nā mea a pau: C = M: (N-1). Maiʻaneʻi - ka mea, Aloha sociometric kūlana haʻahaʻa, M - huina helu o ke koho ana, ma ke 'oluʻolu eia kekahi, hua a me ka io, o N - helu o kamaaina. No ka laʻana, Ivanov loaa 4 9 = 0.44. O ia ka leo,ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka hewa. Akā, hiki ina ka hopena i loaa ole ia, i ke kula, a me nā mākua i nunui kumu kiʻina aʻoʻia loli ma sociometric kūlana o ka haumāna. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - e hana ana a me ka mea o ka pilikia mea e maopopo.

Ka loa, he pono ole i na kēia kūlana waeʻano: sociometric hoku, he makemake ko, malama ole, ke hoʻokoe 'ia a me ka noho kaʻawale. Ka mea, oko ma ka helu o ka maikaʻi a me ka io koho a me ka hui pu ana o ia mea. He mea nui e ike ina paha he kanaka e manao o ko lākou kūlana, a ina paha e manaoʻoluʻolu i loko o kēia kūlana.