Pehea i ka liberation o Palaka (Palaka ana)? Prazhskayaʻoki kino: hualoaʻa

E like me ka hopena o ka Palaka hana, ke Army Red hookuuia ke kapikala o Czechoslovakia, a pela i pau ai ka Mahele Kaua Honua maʻEulopa. Ke kulanakauhale i hooakea ai i ka Wehrmacht kaua i ka ia la ae, ma hope o ka hōʻailona o ke kanawai o ka hoihoi o Germany.

ma ka Eve

Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1945 Pelelina a me Palaka ana i na chords hope ana o ka pio ana o ka Nazi? Eia i loko oʻEulopa. A hiki i ke kapikala o Kelemānia i hookuu mai ai ia, ka kapikala o ka Lepupalika Czech i ole i ua loli ana e ke kaua. Ke Soviet koa Ua kali ana no ka mea i mua ma luna o Palaka. Ma ke kahua hope o ke kaua i ka pau ana o 'Eulopa Ua lilo i kaka i i kaʻana ma waena o ka eo aupuni. No kekahi manawa, he mau kūkā 'ana me ka hiki hoouka ma ka Palaka, o ka poe koa' Amelika. Akā, e ho'ōla neʻe Czechoslovakia i loko o ka poepoe o ka aoao o ka USSR.

Ke ahiahi o May 8, i ka wa a ka Kelemānia High E kauoha akuʻoe i kou inoa ma mua o ka mea hana o ka hoihoi i loko o Palaka komo i ka Soviet ultimatum. Nazis malama i ke kulanakauhale ma lalo o ana, ka mea i manaoia e haawi unconditionally. Ka mea, Ua haawiia mai i ka lā i manaʻo ia ma. kūpono 'ana hoʻomaka ma hanana o ka ole. Na Palaka pae o Wehrmacht ua nui. Eia ma ka hope laina i papani ai hoi i ka pae ana o kaua "Center", i mea ka holoʻokoʻa lua o ka hapalua o ke kaua emi mai ka Soviet Union. I huina nui, i ke kulanakauhale i kahi o 900.000 Nazi koa, a holo aku la i ko lakou mau allies i Palaka, mai nā mea a pau ma o ka hookuuiaʻEulopa.

hana hui

I ka mālama '-ana ko lakou hoomakaukau ana no ka Soviet kauoha kūikawā noonoo uku ai i ka haku o ka nui mea kaua pūʻulu. Ma ka hoʻomaka o ka hope hanana i ua ohi ia ma kahi o 6000 pū a me ka papa wiliʻai. Ma ke kahua hope o ke kaua i ka Army Red i ole he lako polokalamu pilikia. Au ua i koe, a me keia hana. Palaka hoouka pu ma ka ea puka o ka 2nd Air Army, i kauoha mai ai e General Stepan Krasovsky. ʻaneʻane 2000 mokulele i ua kauohaʻia ma luna o ka papa kuhikuhiE laina, e kākoʻo - he 400.

All hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka wehewehena o ka nui ia e ka poʻe hao wale, e lawe i ke kēpau o ka 2nd a me ka 4th Ukrainian Fronts. Ka mea, ua ka "lalo" Initiative, i mea e manao ana "ma ka wahi" hooiaio ae holo 'awelika wale nō ma hope. He aha, mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ka hoʻolālā, ua huikau keia hana? Palaka, pau ka "poʻo" o ka Great Patriotic War "Ahaolelo" i loko o ka mea hiki ole ia i hoounaia'ku ai. No ka laʻana, i na koa o ke 1st a me ka 2nd Ukrainian Fronts eʻaumākua a ma ka pono i na la ekolu. Ka mea, ua pili ana i ka mamao o 100-200 kilomika, a me ka nui nui o kanaka.

alualu Ka hoʻomaka '

May 6ʻimi loa i ka lewa o ka Red Army Hoike i kaʻenemi, hoomaka ae la kekahi i hoʻonohonoho 'ia he kuemi hope mai o ka Czech paa wahi i ka mamao o kahi o 100 kilomika mai Palaka. Soviet koa hoomaka alualu o kaʻenemi. Rearguards Wehrmachtʻauana, a hoopuehu aku i mua huahelu o ka 1st Ukrainian Front. Palaka ana, i ka hopena o ka poe ai i ka maoli pau ana o ke kaua, ua he alualu o kaʻauheʻe kēia kanaka Kelemānia. Mākou iʻaʻa e lakou ke ku imua o kona kulana he mau. Ka mea, ua ka hapanui kanaka ka poe i manaoio pololei Nazi ideology a hoʻoholo i ka hihia o ka make ma ke kaua aina ka mea, no ka mea, aole e lilo.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kou akamai, e luku aku i ka enemi ua lilo ka ikaika converging makani ma luna o nā pūhaka o kaʻenemi. No laila, e oki na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, kekahi akā, i ole wale, lilo ana i emi pilikia loa. Haʻi'ōlelo hooiaioia ia e ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o ka Red Army. I ka hoomaka ana o keia hana, he holo nōhie 2nd a 4th Ukrainian fronts, a laila, i ka 1st a me ka 2nd. poʻina nalu maluna ua māmā, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ka mea, i ka hana i loko o ka ulu lāʻau mauna'āina. Ka mea, hoʻoneʻe i 60-100 kilomika no ka lā.

Ma ka ia lā (Mei 6) 4th kiai pahu Army ua ua kokoke na kumu o ka mea e hoohehee ai Mountains. Ua ua i ka lāʻau, mai ka unexpected kuhikuhi Dresden, i 'ae' e hoopuni i ka 40,000th Hoʻohui 'ia o ka Wehrmacht ma Breslau. May 7, hoomaka ae la ke kūpono 'koa o ka 2nd Ukrainian Front. 7th kiai Shumilova koa koke wawahi ae la ma ka Kelemānia pale aku ia lakou, a nui nō i ka loihi o ka 12 kilomika. I ka Ia manawa, i ka poʻe hao wale o ka 4th Ukrainian Front, kaua no Olomouc - he nui amo Hub mea e pili ana i ka pau Czech Repubalika.

Pakele mai Palaka

Ke kokololio mua o ka Red Army ma luna o nā mea a pau nāʻoihana o ke alo demoralized mua ua lilo ka manaoio i ka lanakila o ka fascists. Luna o Kelemānia lehulehu i loko o ke poʻo o Czechoslovakia ua Ferdinand Schemer. He kauoha na ke piʻoloke o ke komohana. ʻO kēia kanaka Kelemānia he makemake e hoihoi aku i ka Americans ma mua o ka Soviet Union. I hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka hee i loko o Palaka hoomaka ma May 9th. Eia naʻe, nui koke ka mea, e hou e noho mana ana ma ka kekahi, a huli i ka stampede.

Ia manawa, i ka hahau pae o ka 2nd Ukrainian Front wawahi kekahiʻenemi laina. Ua oi pono i 60 kilomika, e hookupaa i ka mana hoʻomalu ma luna Znojmo. Ka hema'ēheu o ka poe koa, ua ma luna o ke kapa o ke Danube, a hoomaka ae la e neʻe ma kona'ākau kahakai, hoolei iho la i ka Kelemānia rearguard. Iloko o kēia mau meaʻekolu lā o Soviet Air Max lele oi ma mua o 7000 sorties, e kākoʻo hoouka Ukrainian fronts.

Ke liberation o ke kulanakauhale

May 9, hapa o ka 1st Ukrainian Front komo Palaka. Ano, ke koa a me ka poeikohoia o ka malu lawelawe Red i ole, e haawi aku i ka ke Kelemānia a i ka uhai mai. Ma keia mea, ua kōkuaʻia e Czech partisans, ka poe i ike i ke kulanakauhale a me ka puni i ka maikaʻi haole.

East o Palaka, hoopuniia e oi aku mamua o 50 mau papa ikea. O lakou ka papa koa o ka enemi. Ua disorganized Kelemānia koa, kā lākou mau luna lilo aku kekahi mana ma luna o kona mau subordinates. Holo pio ma ka Americans e hoʻokele wale i kekahi mau papa, no a hiki i ka pae ana o kaua "Austria".

ka hoʻopaʻa 'ROA

Palaka kūpono 'ana lawe mai i wale aku i ka Wehrmacht, akā, i ku e ROA - Russian Liberation Army. Ma keia ho okumu he Soviet collaborators, i ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, ka poe i hele aku i ke alu like 'ana me Germany. Ma ke kupulau o ka makahiki 1945 ROA ua hoʻoholo ihola e evacuate i ke komohana, no laila, i ole e haule i loko o ka lima o ka Soviet Aupuni.

I 12 Ua hopu i ka luna o ka poe kaua o General Vlasov. i lawe i ka Soviet Union He, a he nui loa nā luna ROA. Aia, ka mea i ho'āʻo a hooko aku la i. ROA ano o na koa, ka poe i pio i ka hana i loko o Palaka, ka hapanui i pau ai i ka halelewa, a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia.

hope ia'ku

Ke koena o ka emi SS poʻe hao wale i make i ka po o ka 12 May. Ke kaua i nalowale a me ke poo o kūloko aupuni "make kauna," Carl Friedrich av Pückler-Burghaus. Kēia hope pūʻulu Ua haku o nā māhele "Das Reich" a me ka "Wallenstein".

Lakou i hiki aku hoʻi ma luna o May 9 o ka mokuna a me ka Americans akā, e hōʻole, eʻae i ka hoihoi o ka poʻe. A laila, pōhaku kumu kihi o kēia kanaka Kelemānia i hana mai i kekahi mea uuku paʻa i kahi i hoʻomoana ai. Ke ahiahi o ka 11 E hiki anei ia mea, i hao i ka pae o ka malu luna mai o ka People ka Commissariat no National Pale Kaua o ka USSR. Koke hui i ka Red Army. Ma ke kakahiaka o May 12, i luku aku i ka hope Nazi pa alima. Pela i pau ai ka Palaka hana. Makahiki ma ka makahiki, e noho ana o ke kūlanakauhale i loko o nā lā o ka anniversaries hookupu i ka Soviet liberators. Ko lakou mau inoa i haawiia i na alanui a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau. Ilamuku Konev, nana i alakai i ke kūpono 'ana, Ua i ka honorary kupa o ke kulanakauhale o Balti.

Loss a me nā hualoaʻa

ka mea, o keia hana ua no ka elua miliona Red Army koa a me Ally aina (Poland, Romania a me Czechoslovakia), i ka pau ana o ke kaua. Na Palaka Kelemānia pale i kekahi,ʻAʻole eʻole ho'āʻo mau huahelu, e uhai mai. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau clashes kūpono i nui ka pōʻino - a pau i loko o ke kaua pepehi 12 tausani o Red Army.

Ma wale i kekahi mau lā o nā māhele hana o ka Soviet e hoʻokele i ka luku a paʻa ma kahi o 860 tausani koa o ka Wehrmacht, a me ka SS. Ma ka noho pio ana, he 60 ke 'ano laulā o Army Group "Center", a me kekahi poe e ae. Ua lawe pio ai ma ka 9500 trophy pū a me ka papa wiliʻai, tausani o ka mokulele, 1800 poʻina nalu a me ka hanaʻino mai pū, a me nā mea kaua' ē aʻe likeʻole, a me kou lako a pan ia.

May 11 Palaka hana i hele mai i kekahi Logical ka hopena. Soviet koa i hiki aku ai i ka laina o ka hui 'ana me ka Americans. Ua Ua mālama 'ia ma luna o ka mokuna a me nā kūlanakauhale o Chemnitz a me Plzen. No ka Czechoslovakia no na makahiki i loko o ka Soviet poepoe o ke keiki. Communist rula i kukuluia ma ka aina. Ka moku'āina komo i loko o ka Hui o ka Warsaw Pact.

Hana makahiki 1945 a me ka makahiki 1968.

Manawa i hou Aey? Acaeoey ma Socialist Czechoslovakia e pinepine hoʻohālikelike i ka hana i loko o Palaka (1945), a me ka hana ana o ka Palaka Hao ke i ka makahiki 1968. Ka hope kekahi, hoomaka ae la ka wā o ka Soviet aupuni kau i loko o ke kapikala o ke aupuni o Slavic poʻe hao wale, arguing kona hoʻoholo 'ana, "i ka normalization o ke kulana pili aupuni." I ka makahiki 1968 ma Czechoslovakia, ka papa holoʻokoʻa, ua lokomaikai nā mea hoʻololi, a i ole makemake i ke alakaʻi o ka USSR, e like me kā lākou no ke e kekahi aoao mai o ka Czechoslovak Communist keiki.

, Palaka Hao ua lilo "hana Danube" a me ka mahope hanana nui i kekahi hapa o ka Hawaii War. I keia la, i ka Czech e pili ana i nā hanana i ka makahiki 1945 a me ka makahiki 1968. wale i ke ku pono. Ma ka hihia mua, ka Soviet lākou poʻe kaua i hele mai i Palaka like liberators mai ka Nazis, a ma ka lua, ka mea ia kaua pahu meheu weluwelu ka kemokalaka kīvila o nā kupa o Czechoslovakia.